Search results for "Nervous system"
showing 10 items of 3271 documents
Heart Rate Variability Monitoring During Strength and High-Intensity Interval Training Overload Microcycles
2019
Objective: In two independent study arms, we determine the effects of strength training (ST) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) overload on cardiac autonomic modulation by measuring heart rate (HR) and vagal heart rate variability (HRV). Methods: In the study, 37 well-trained athletes (ST: 7 female, 12 male; HIIT: 9 female, 9 male) were subjected to orthostatic tests (HR and HRV recordings) each day during a 4-day baseline period, a 6-day overload microcycle, and a 4-day recovery period. Discipline-specific performance was assessed before and 1 and 4 days after training. Results: Following ST overload, supine HR, and vagal HRV (Ln RMSSD) were clearly increased and decreased (small …
Neurophysiological Changes After Paired Brain and Spinal Cord Stimulation Coupled With Locomotor Training in Human Spinal Cord Injury
2021
Neurophysiological changes that involve activity-dependent neuroplasticity mechanisms via repeated stimulation and locomotor training are not commonly employed in research even though combination of interventions is a common clinical practice. In this randomized clinical trial, we established neurophysiological changes when transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex was paired with transcutaneous thoracolumbar spinal (transspinal) stimulation in human spinal cord injury (SCI) delivered during locomotor training. We hypothesized that TMS delivered before transspinal (TMS-transspinal) stimulation promotes functional reorganization of spinal networks during stepping. In this p…
PEDIATRIC OSAS TREATED WITH ADENOIDECTOMY: A COHORT STUDY CONDUCTED AT THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PALERMO, ITALY
2021
The incidence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) in the pediatric population is about 2%. The diagnosis is based on the employment of questionnaires, and polysomnography (PSG) that is the gold standard also among children. The PSG allows to classify OSAS as mild in case of 110. If polysomnography is not available, we need alternative diagnostic tests such as nocturnal oximetry studies and respiratory polygraphy. The risk factors identified are different from adults, first tonsillar hypertrophy wins over others. The symptoms and signs described are similar to adult population, but sleep enuresis, neurocognitive impairment and behavioral problems (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disor…
Can Oscillatory Alpha-Gamma Phase-Amplitude Coupling be Used to Understand and Enhance TMS Effects?
2019
Recent applications of simultaneous scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) suggest that adapting stimulation to underlying brain states may enhance neuroplastic effects of TMS. It is often assumed that longer-lasting effects of TMS on brain function may be mediated by phasic interactions between TMS pulses and endogenous cortical oscillatory dynamics. The mechanisms by which TMS exerts its neuromodulatory effects, however, remain unknown. Here, we discuss evidence concerning the functional effects on synaptic plasticity of oscillatory cross-frequency coupling in cortical networks as a potential framework for understanding the neuromodulatory effects o…
Składniki tworzyw sztucznych zaburzające funkcje układu nerwowego
2013
Rozwój przemysłu chemicznego spowodował opracowywanie nowych związków chemicznych niewystępujących w środowisku naturalnym. Substancje te spełniają różnorodne funkcje, takie jak obniżenie palności, zwiększenie plastyczności czy poprawienie rozpuszczalności innych substancji. Wiele związków wchodzących w skład tworzyw sztucznych, kosmetyków nowej generacji, aparatury medycznej, opakowań spożywczych oraz innych produktów codziennego użytku, z łatwością uwalniają się do środowiska naturalnego. Liczne badania wykazały, że substancje, takie jak: ftalany, BPA, TBBPA oraz PCB charakteryzują się znaczną lipofilnością dzięki czemu w łatwy sposób wnikają do żywych komórek oraz akumulują się w tkankac…
NG2-Glia Transiently Overcome Their Homeostatic Network and Contribute to Wound Closure After Brain Injury
2021
In the adult brain, NG2-glia represent a cell population that responds to injury. To further investigate if, how and why NG2-glia are recruited to the injury site, we analyzed in detail the long-term reaction of NG2-glia after a lesion by time-lapse two-photon in vivo microscopy. Live imaging over several weeks of GFP-labeled NG2-glia in the stab wounded cerebral cortex revealed their fast and heterogeneous reaction, including proliferation, migration, polarization, hypertrophy, or a mixed response, while a small subset of cells remained unresponsive. At the peak of the reaction, 2–4 days after the injury, NG2-glia accumulated around and within the lesion core, overcoming the homeostatic co…
POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN ENTERIC DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM
2013
The postnatal period is a key period of life, characterized by the maturation of various organs and in particular of the gut. Currently, we have a poor understanding of the development of neurological and endocrine factors that control intestinal motility. Such knowledge can provide indications about the potency, efficacy, or therapeutic range of a drug in premature infants. Dopaminegic antagonists are often used as prokinetic drugs to treat impaired GI propulsion, although the role of the enteric dopaminergic system in the control of intestinal motility in neonatal vs adult has not been adequately addressed. In this view the aim of this study, was to examine, the functionality of the dopam…
A Systematic Review of International Clinical Guidelines for Rehabilitation of People With Neurological Conditions: What Recommendations Are Made for…
2019
Background: Upper limb impairment is a common problem for people with neurological disabilities, affecting activity, performance, quality of life, and independence. Accurate, timely assessments are required for effective rehabilitation, and development of novel interventions. International consensus on upper limb assessment is needed to make research findings more meaningful, provide a benchmark for quality in clinical practice, more cost-effective neurorehabilitation and improved outcomes for neurological patients undergoing rehabilitation.Aim: To conduct a systematic review, as part of the output of a European COST Action, to identify what recommendations are made for upper limb assessmen…
The Significance of Silent Moments in Creating Words for the Not-Yet-Spoken Experiences in Threat of Divorce
2015
In the context of couple therapy involving the threat of divorce, the study examined the significance of silent moments for arriving at words for the not-yet-spoken experiences. It also examined whether interactional and embodied synchrony occurred during such silent moments. A mixed method analysis was conducted, focusing on the therapeutic dialogue, psychophysiological data (the Autonomic Nervous System, ANS), and the participants’ thoughts and feelings during individual Stimulated Recall interviews. Two episodes containing several silent moments were analyzed. The analysis indicated that during the silent moments the participants continued the therapeutic conversations through their enti…
The role of the silent moments in relational conflict situation in multi-actor therapy dialogue
2015
Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli syventää hiljaisten hetkien merkitystä pariterapiassa keskusteltaessa parisuhdekonfliktista. Lisäksi tarkastelimme, löytyykö hiljaisten hetkien aikana synkroniaa osallistujien väliltä keskustelun ja kehon tasolla. Monimenetelmäinen tutkimuksemme keskittyi kolmeen tasoon: terapeuttiseen keskusteluun, psykofysiologisista mittareista (autonominen hermosto) saatuun informaatioon sekä osallistujien ajatuksiin ja tunteisiin SR- haastattelussa. Nämä mittarit analysoitiin ensin erikseen, jonka jälkeen niiden antama informaatio yhdistettiin. Tarkoituksena oli saada mahdollisimman luotettavaa tietoa hiljaisten hetkien merkityksestä parisuhdekonfliktin käsittelyssä.…