Search results for "Networks"

showing 10 items of 3260 documents

Water adsorption on amorphous silica surfaces: A Car-Parrinello simulation study

2005

A combination of classical molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations is used to investigate the adsorption of water on a free amorphous silica surface. From the classical MD SiO_2 configurations with a free surface are generated which are then used as starting configurations for the CPMD.We study the reaction of a water molecule with a two-membered ring at the temperature T=300K. We show that the result of this reaction is the formation of two silanol groups on the surface. The activation energy of the reaction is estimated and it is shown that the reaction is exothermic.

Exothermic reactionCar–Parrinello molecular dynamicsMaterials scienceAb initioFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyActivation energy010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsAdsorptionGeneral Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSilanolchemistry[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Physical chemistry0210 nano-technology
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AIOC2: A deep Q-learning approach to autonomic I/O congestion control in Lustre

2021

Abstract In high performance computing systems, I/O congestion is a common problem in large-scale distributed file systems. However, the current implementation mainly requires administrator to manually design low-level implementation and optimization, we proposes an adaptive I/O congestion control framework, named AIOC 2 , which can not only adaptively tune the I/O congestion control parameters, but also exploit the deep Q-learning method to start the training parameters and optimize the tuning for different types of workloads from the server and the client at the same time. AIOC 2 combines the feedback-based dynamic I/O congestion control and deep Q-learning parameter tuning technology to …

ExploitComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer sciencebusiness.industryQ-learningInterference (wave propagation)SupercomputerComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignTheoretical Computer ScienceNetwork congestionArtificial IntelligenceHardware and ArchitectureEmbedded systemLustre (file system)Latency (engineering)businessThroughput (business)SoftwareParallel Computing
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WORDY: a Semi-automatic Methodology aimed at the Creation of Neologisms based on a Semantic Network and Blending Devices

2017

In this paper, we propose a semi-automatic tool, named WORDY, that implements a methodology aimed at speeding-up the pro- cess of creation of neologisms. The approach exploits a semantic network, which is explored through the spreading activation methodology and ex- ploits three blending linguistic techniques together with a proper ranking function in order to support companies in the creation of neologisms ca- pable of evoking semantic meaningful associations to customers.

ExploitNeologismsComputer scienceProcess (engineering)media_common.quotation_subject02 engineering and technologySemantic networkscomputer.software_genre050105 experimental psychologySemantic networkRanking (information retrieval)Creativity0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesFunction (engineering)Neologismmedia_commonbusiness.industry05 social sciencesCreativityBlending020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligenceSemi automaticbusinesscomputerNatural language processing
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DEMO: Unconventional WiFi-ZigBee communications without gateways

2014

Nowadays, the overcrowding of ISM bands is becoming an evident limitation for the performance and widespread usage of 802.11 and 802.15.4 technologies. In this demo, we prove that it is possible to opportunistically exploit the inter-technology interference between 802.11 and 802.15.4 to build an unconventional low-rate communication channel and signalling protocol, devised to improve the performance of each contending technology. Differently from previous solutions, inter-technology communications do not require the deployment of a gateway with two network interfaces, but can be activated (when needed) directly between two heterogeneous nodes, e.g. a WiFi node and a ZigBee node. This capab…

Exploitbusiness.industryComputer scienceSettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniReading (computer)Node (networking)WiFiComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSNetwork interfacezigbeeEmbedded systemDefault gatewayComputerSystemsOrganization_SPECIAL-PURPOSEANDAPPLICATION-BASEDSYSTEMSbusinessProtocol (object-oriented programming)Computer networkNeuRFonCommunication channel
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Enabling Backoff for SCM Wake-Up Radio: Protocol and Modeling

2017

In sub-carrier modulation (SCM) wake-up radio (WuR) enabled wireless sensor networks, a node can initiate data transmission at any instant of time. In this letter, we propose to activate a backoff procedure before sending wake-up calls (WuCs) in order to avoid potential collisions among WuCs. Consequently, no backoff is needed for the main radio after a WuC is received. A discrete-time Markov chain model is developed to evaluate the performance. Numerical results on network throughput, energy efficiency, average delay, and collision probability reveal the benefits of enabling backoff for SCM-WuRs, especially under heavy traffic loads or saturated traffic conditions.

Exponential backoffMarkov chainbusiness.industryComputer scienceNode (networking)ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS010401 analytical chemistryReal-time computing020206 networking & telecommunicationsThroughput02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsModulationModeling and Simulation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessWireless sensor networkComputer networkEfficient energy useData transmissionIEEE Communications Letters
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Empirically-derived subgroups of Facebook users and their association with personality characteristics: a Latent Class Analysis

2018

Abstract In recent years, considerable research effort has been directed at the identification of relationships between psychological variables and Facebook usage indicators. However, the identification of homogeneous subgroups of individuals based on similar Facebook usage characteristics still presents a challenge. This study aims: (1) to empirically determine homogeneous groups of Facebook users based on variables regarding their personal experience on Facebook, by using a Latent Class Analysis; and (2) to examine the association between an individual's personality and interpersonal characteristics and the empirically-derived profiles of Facebook usage. Eight hundred and eleven Facebook …

Extraversion and introversionmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciences050801 communication & media studies050109 social psychologyInterpersonal communicationLatent class modelSocial relationHuman-Computer Interaction0508 media and communicationsFacebook users Social Networks Latent Class Analysis Interpersonal Styles Attachment dimensions Preference for online interaction Self-esteemArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Settore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia ClinicaAttachment theoryOpenness to experiencePersonality0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesInformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUSBig Five personality traitsPsychologySocial psychologySettore M-PSI/05 - Psicologia SocialeGeneral Psychologymedia_common
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Mammogram Segmentation by Contour Searching and Mass Lesions Classification with Neural Network

2006

The mammography is the most effective procedure for an early diagnosis of the breast cancer. In this paper, an algorithm for detecting masses in mammographic images will be presented. The database consists of 3762 digital images acquired in several hospitals belonging to the MAGIC-5 collaboration (Medical Applications on a Grid Infrastructure Connection). A reduction of the whole image's area under investigation is achieved through a segmentation process, by means of a ROI Hunter algorithm, without loss of meaningful information. In the following classification step, feature extraction plays a fundamental role: some features give geometrical information, other ones provide shape parameters.…

FIS/07 Fisica applicata (a beni culturali ambientali biologia e medicina)Nuclear and High Energy Physicsneural networkComputer sciencemammographyFeature extractionImage processingDigital imageBreast cancerComputer aided diagnosimedicineMammographySegmentationElectrical and Electronic Engineeringmedicine.diagnostic_testContextual image classificationbusiness.industryPattern recognitionImage segmentationneural networksimage processingNuclear Energy and EngineeringDigital imagingComputer-aided diagnosisImage analysiArtificial intelligencebusinessMammography
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Automatic image-based identification and biomass estimation of invertebrates

2020

1. Understanding how biological communities respond to environmental changes is a key challenge in ecology and ecosystem management. The apparent decline of insect populations necessitates more biomonitoring but the time-consuming sorting and expert-based identification of taxa pose strong limitations on how many insect samples can be processed. In turn, this affects the scale of efforts to map and monitor invertebrate diversity altogether. Given recent advances in computer vision, we propose to enhance the standard human expert-based identification approach involving manual sorting and identification with an automatic image-based technology. 2. We describe a robot-enabled image-based ident…

FOS: Computer and information sciences0106 biological sciencesclassification (action)Computer Science - Machine Learninghahmontunnistus (tietotekniikka)Computer scienceImage qualityComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognitionclassificationsmodelling (creation related to information)neuroverkot01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkcomputer visionMachine Learning (cs.LG)remote sensingAbundance (ecology)Statistics - Machine Learningkonenäköinsectstunnistaminenbiodiversitysystematiikka (biologia)Ecological ModelingSortingselkärangattomatneural networksmuutosjohtaminenautomated pattern recognitionIdentification (information)machine learningkoneoppiminenclassificationEcosystem managementhämähäkitrecognitionmallintaminenneural networks (information technology)Machine Learning (stat.ML)010603 evolutionary biologyspidersidentifiointilajitsystematicsluokituksetEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsluokitus (toiminta)tarkkuusbusiness.industry010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyDeep learningPattern recognitiontypes and speciesidentification (recognition)15. Life on land113 Computer and information sciencesecosystems (ecology)invertebratesbiodiversiteettiekosysteemit (ekologia)hyönteisetidentificationprecisionkaukokartoitusArtificial intelligencechange management (leadership)businessScale (map)
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USE-Net: Incorporating Squeeze-and-Excitation blocks into U-Net for prostate zonal segmentation of multi-institutional MRI datasets

2019

Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumors in men but prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analysis remains challenging. Besides whole prostate gland segmentation, the capability to differentiate between the blurry boundary of the Central Gland (CG) and Peripheral Zone (PZ) can lead to differential diagnosis, since tumor's frequency and severity differ in these regions. To tackle the prostate zonal segmentation task, we propose a novel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), called USE-Net, which incorporates Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks into U-Net. Especially, the SE blocks are added after every Encoder (Enc USE-Net) or Encoder-Decoder block (Enc-Dec USE-Net). This study ev…

FOS: Computer and information sciences0209 industrial biotechnologyComputer Science - Machine LearningGeneralizationComputer scienceComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Cognitive NeuroscienceComputer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionConvolutional neural network02 engineering and technologyConvolutional neural networkMachine Learning (cs.LG)Image (mathematics)Prostate cancer020901 industrial engineering & automationArtificial IntelligenceProstate0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineMedical imagingAnatomical MRISegmentationBlock (data storage)Prostate cancermedicine.diagnostic_testSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryAnatomical MRI; Convolutional neural networks; Cross-dataset generalization; Prostate cancer; Prostate zonal segmentation; USE-NetINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionUSE-Netmedicine.diseaseComputer Science Applicationsmedicine.anatomical_structureCross-dataset generalizationFeature (computer vision)Prostate zonal segmentation020201 artificial intelligence & image processingConvolutional neural networksArtificial intelligencebusinessEncoder
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Active and inactive quarantine in epidemic spreading on adaptive activity-driven networks

2020

We consider an epidemic process on adaptive activity-driven temporal networks, with adaptive behaviour modelled as a change in activity and attractiveness due to infection. By using a mean-field approach, we derive an analytical estimate of the epidemic threshold for SIS and SIR epidemic models for a general adaptive strategy, which strongly depends on the correlations between activity and attractiveness in the susceptible and infected states. We focus on strong social distancing, implementing two types of quarantine inspired by recent real case studies: an active quarantine, in which the population compensates the loss of links rewiring the ineffective connections towards non-quarantining …

FOS: Computer and information sciences2019-20 coronavirus outbreakAdaptive strategiesPhysics - Physics and SocietyComputer scienceSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)PopulationFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Computer securitycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionlawActive phase0103 physical sciencesQuarantinesusceptible-infected-recovered (SIR)010306 general physicseducationCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsAdaptive behaviorSocial and Information Networks (cs.SI)education.field_of_studyStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Computer Science - Social and Information Networksepidemic modelsusceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS)Epidemic modelcomputer
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