Search results for "Neural"

showing 10 items of 2783 documents

Random forests, a novel approach for discrimination of fish populations using parasites as biological tags.

2008

Due to the complexity of host-parasite relationships, discrimination between fish populations using parasites as biological tags is difficult. This study introduces, to our knowledge for the first time, random forests (RF) as a new modelling technique in the application of parasite community data as biological markers for population assignment of fish. This novel approach is applied to a dataset with a complex structure comprising 763 parasite infracommunities in population samples of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, from the spawning/feeding areas in five regions in the North East Atlantic (Baltic, Celtic, Irish and North seas and Icelandic waters). The learning behaviour of RF is evaluated in …

PopulationPopulation DynamicsSample (statistics)Host-Parasite InteractionsFish DiseasesGadusAnimalsParasiteseducationAtlantic Oceaneducation.field_of_studyArtificial neural networkbiologybusiness.industrySampling (statistics)Pattern recognitionbiology.organism_classificationLinear discriminant analysisRandom forestFisheryStatistical classificationInfectious DiseasesGadus morhuaParasitologyArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsInternational journal for parasitology
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Phasic GABAA-receptor activation is required to suppress epileptiform activity in the CA3 region of the immature rat hippocampus

2012

Summary Purpose:  Despite the consistent observation that γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors mediate excitatory responses at perinatal stages, the role of the GABAergic system in the generation of neonatal epileptiform activity remains controversial. Therefore, we analyzed whether tonic and phasic GABAergic transmission had differential effects on neuronal excitability during early development. Methods:  We performed whole cell patch-clamp and field potential recordings in the CA3 region of hippocampal slices from immature (postnatal day 4–7) rats to analyze the effect of specific antagonists and modulators of tonic and phasic GABAergic components on neuronal excitability. Key Findings…

Postsynaptic CurrentGABAA receptormusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyHippocampal formationTonic (physiology)chemistry.chemical_compoundnervous systemNeurologychemistryGabazinemedicineExcitatory postsynaptic potentialGABAergicNeurology (clinical)Neurosciencemedicine.drugPicrotoxinEpilepsia
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Caracterización de la suplementación de folatos en el embarazo a partir de la combinación de sistemas de información sanitaria.

2012

ResumenObjetivosExplorar la utilidad de la combinación de los sistemas de información sanitaria de la Agencia Valenciana de Salud (AVS) para caracterizar la suplementación de folatos en la población de embarazadas de la Comunidad Valenciana.MétodosCohorte de todas las mujeres que parieron en hospitales de la AVS durante 2009, que fueron seguidas retrospectivamente en la historia clínica electrónica ABUCASIS y el sistema GAIA de gestión de la prescripción para identificar el consumo de folatos en los 3 meses previos y posteriores a la concepción.ResultadosDe los 38.069 partos realizados en 2009 en hospitales de la AVS, 37.040 (97,3%) pudieron incluirse en los análisis. Un 34,0% de las mujere…

Pregnancymedicine.medical_specialtyFolic acidDefectos del tubo neural/prevenciónbusiness.industryMedical recordPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAbortionPreconception caremedicine.diseaseRetrospective studiesEstudios retrospectivosNeural tube defects/prevention and controlFamily medicineElectronic prescribingCohortHealth careMedicineÁcido fólicoMedical prescriptionbusinessAtención preconcepcionalCohort study
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A dynamic model for hysteresis in magnetostrictive devices

2014

In this paper, a dynamic model for the description and design of hysteresis in magnetostrictive devices is presented. The model is based on Preisach theory and its dynamic extension. A procedure for determining the Preisach distribution function is given. This procedure is based on neural networks. The model is able to reconstruct both the magnetization relation and the field-strain relation. The model is validated through comparison and prediction of data collected from a typical Terfenol-D sample and a novel experimental technique dedicated to the validation of dynamic models is proposed.

Preisach distribution functionRelation (database)Artificial neural networkComputer scienceExperimental techniqueGeneral Physics and AstronomyMagnetostrictionMagnetic hysteresisHysteresisDistribution functionTerfenol-DPreisach theoryControl theoryDynamic ExtensionHysteresiMagnetostrictive devices Dynamic extensionTerfenol-DJournal of Applied Physics
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Minimal learning machine in hyperspectral imaging classification

2020

A hyperspectral (HS) image is typically a stack of frames, where each frame represents the intensity of a different wavelength of light. Each spatial pixel has a spectrum. In the classification of the HS image, each spectrum is classified pixel-by-pixel. In some of the real-time applications, the amount of the HS image data causes performance challenges. Those issues relate to the platforms (e.g. drones) payload restrictions, the issues of the available energy and to the complexity of the machine learning models. In this study, we introduce the minimal learning machine (MLM) as a computationally cheap training and classification machine learning method for the hyperspectral imaging classificatio…

Principal Component AnalysisMinimal Learning MachineArtificial neural networkPixelComputer sciencebusiness.industryFrame (networking)Payload (computing)spektrikuvausHyperspectral imagingPattern recognitionHyperspectral ImagingClassificationRandom forestSupport vector machineData pointkoneoppiminenkuvantaminenDistance LearningArtificial intelligencebusiness
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Pelagic species identification by using a PNN neural network and echo-sounder data

2017

For several years, a group of CNR researchers conducted acoustic surveys in the Sicily Channel to estimate the biomass of small pelagic species, their geographical distribution and their variations over time. The instrument used to carry out these surveys is the scientific echo-sounder, set for different frequencies. The processing of the back scattered signals in the volume of water under investigation determines the abundance of the species. These data are then correlated with the biological data of experimental catches, to attribute the composition of the various fish schools investigated. Of course, the recognition of the fish schools helps to produce very good results, that is very clo…

Probabilistic neural networkComputer Science (all)ClassificationPelagic species identificationTheoretical Computer Science
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A genotype-phenotype correlation in Sicilian patients with GJB2 biallelic mutations

2015

The aim of this work was to study the genotype distribution of Sicilian patients with biallelic GJB2 mutations; to correlate genotype classes and/or specific mutations of GJB2 gene (35delG-non-35delG) with audiologic profiles. A total of 10 different mutations and 11 different genotypes were evidenced in 73 SNHL subjects; 35delG (90.36 % of cases) and IVS1+1 (13.69 %) were the most common mutations found in the cohort with a significant difference in the distribution between North and South Sicily. Audiological evaluation revealed a severe (16/73) to profound (47/73) hearing loss (HL) in 86.13 % of cases without significant difference between the degree of HL and the province of origin of t…

ProbandMalemedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeHearing lossHearing Loss SensorineuralGJB2 mutations Sensorineural hearing loss Genetic hearing loss · Cx26BiologyDeafnessCompound heterozygositymedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologySeverity of Illness IndexConnexinsCorrelationYoung AdultAudiometryInternal medicineGenotypemedicineHumansChildHearing LossSicilyGenetic Association StudiesGeneticsMutationGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSettore MED/32 - AudiologiaConnexin 26Settore MED/31 - OtorinolaringoiatriaOtorhinolaryngologyChild PreschoolCohortMutationSensorineural hearing lossFemalemedicine.symptom
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Convolutional Neural Network-Based Human Movement Recognition Algorithm in Sports Analysis

2021

In order to analyse the sports psychology of athletes and to identify the psychology of athletes in their movements, a human action recognition (HAR) algorithm has been designed in this study. First, a HAR model is established based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify the current action state by analysing the action information of a task in the collected videos. Secondly, the psychology of basketball players displaying fake actions during the offensive and defensive process is investigated by combining with related sports psychological theories. Then, the psychology of athletes is also analysed through the collected videos, so as to predict the next response action of the …

Process (engineering)convolutional neural network02 engineering and technologyGrayscaleConvolutional neural network050105 experimental psychologyTask (project management)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringPsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesTime complexityGeneral PsychologyOriginal ResearchbiologyAthletessports analysis05 social sciencesbiology.organism_classificationhuman action recognitionBF1-990image recognitionAction (philosophy)sports psychologyRGB color model020201 artificial intelligence & image processingPsychologyAlgorithmFrontiers in Psychology
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Hyperspectral image classification using CNN: Application to industrial food packaging

2021

Abstract During food tray packaging, some contamination may exist due to the presence of undesired objects. It is essential to detect anomalies during the packaging process in order to discard the faulty tray and avoid human consumption. This study demonstrates the on-line classification feasibility when using hyperspectral imaging systems for real-time food packaging control by using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) as a classifier in heat-sealed food trays. A hyperspectral camera is used to capture individual food tray information and fed to a CNN classifier to detect faulty food trays with object contamination. The proposed system is able to detect up to eleven different contamination…

Production linebusiness.industryComputer scienceProcess (computing)Hyperspectral imagingPattern recognitionConvolutional neural networkFault detection and isolationFood packagingTrayFactory (object-oriented programming)Artificial intelligencebusinessFood ScienceBiotechnologyFood Control
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Differentiation-associated apoptosis of neural stem cells is effected by Bcl-2 overexpression: impact on cell lineage determination

2001

Apoptosis is an integral part of neural development. To elucidate the importance of programmed cell death on cell lineage determination we utilized murine PCC7-Mzl cells, a model system for neural differentiation. Treatment of pluripotent PCC7-Mzl stem cells with 0.1 microM all-trans retinoic acid (RA) causes a cease of proliferation and an initiation of differentiation into neurons, glial cells and fibroblasts. Simultaneously, a fraction of the cell culture (ca. 25%) dies within 24 h by apoptosis. We transfected PCC7-Mzl cells with the human bcl-2 cDNA and generated PCC7-Mz-Bcl-2 cell lines expressing two- to tenfold higher levels of Bcl-2 than parental cells. Overexpression of Bcl-2 resul…

Programmed cell deathDNA ComplementaryHistologyCellular differentiationApoptosisTretinoinBiologyCeramidesTransfectionPathology and Forensic MedicineMiceNeurosphereTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsCell LineageElectrophoresis Agar GelNeuronsCaspase 8Stem CellsCell DifferentiationCell BiologyGeneral MedicineFibroblastsMolecular biologyCaspase 9Neural stem cellCell biologyP19 cellProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Cell cultureCaspasesStem cellNeurogliaBiomarkersCell DivisionAdult stem cellEuropean Journal of Cell Biology
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