Search results for "NeuroD"

Effet neuroprotecteur de l’accident ischémique transitoire

2011

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a well-recognized risk factor of ischemic stroke. Hence, 7 to 25% of ischemic stroke patients have a history of TIA, and the risk of ischemic stroke after TIA is about 15% at 3 months. However, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that among patients with ischemic stroke, those with a history of TIA have better functional and vital prognoses. This protective effect is particularly found in case of recent and short TIA, and in case of non-lacunar ischemic stroke. Hence, TIA can induce endogenous neuroprotection by the ischemic tolerance phenomenon that decreases the neurodegeneration usually caused by a severe cerebral ischemia in a non-preconditioned …

Potential Involvement of Impaired Venous Outflow from the Brain in Neurodegeneration: Lessons Learned from the Research on Chronic Cerebrospinal Veno…

2019

About 10 years ago, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency syndrome was discovered. This clinical entity, which is associated with extracranial venous abnormalities that impair venous outflow from the brain, was initially found exclusively in multiple sclerosis patients. Currently, we know that such venous lesions can also be revealed in other neurological pathologies, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Although direct causative role of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in these neurological diseases still remains elusive, in this paper, we suggest that perhaps an abnormal venous drainage of the brain affects functioning of the glymphatic system, whi…

Intellectual disabilitiy in developmental age

2015

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental dis- order characterized by deficits in intellectual and adap- tive functioning that present before 18 years of age [1]. ID is heterogeneous in etiology and encompasses a broad spectrum of functioning, disability, needs and strengths. Originally formulated in strictly psychometric terms as performance greater than 2.5 SDs below the mean on intelligence testing, the conceptualisation of ID has been extended to include defects in adaptive beha- viours [2]. The term-global developmental delay-(GDD) is usually used to describe children younger than 5-years of age who fail to meet expected developmental milestones in multiple areas of intellec…

Magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of brain involvement in alcoholic and nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy

2017

AIM To present the typical and atypical magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of alcoholic and non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy. METHODS This study included 7 patients with Wernicke’s encephalopathy (2 men, 5 women; mean age, 52.3 years) that underwent brain MR examination between January 2012 and March 2016 in a single institution. Three patients were alcoholics and 4 patients were non-alcoholics. MR protocol included a T2-weighted sequence, a fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence, a diffusion-weighted sequence (b = 0 and 1000 s/mm2), and a contrast-enhanced MR sequence. All MR images were retrospectively reviewed at baseline and follow-up by two radiologists. RES…

Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right hemisphere improves auditory comprehension in a case of dementia.

2017

Background Noninvasive transcranial stimulation methods have been increasingly employed in order to improve cognitive performance in neurological patients. In previous studies with both stroke patients and healthy subjects, noninvasive stimulation of temporal-parietal regions and their homologue produced an improvement in linguistic tasks. Objective The aim of the current study was to evaluate if anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over Brodmann areas 39/40 (angular and supramarginal gyri) could promote the recovery of linguistic functions, in particular comprehension and naming, in a single patient affected by dementia. Methods Three preliminary explorative single session…

Our experience with prurigo nodularis treated with dupilumab.

2020

Metalloprotease meprin beta generates nontoxic N-terminal amyloid precursor protein fragments in vivo.

2011

Identification of physiologically relevant substrates is still the most challenging part in protease research for understanding the biological activity of these enzymes. The zinc-dependent metalloprotease meprin β is known to be expressed in many tissues with functions in health and disease. Here, we demonstrate unique interactions between meprin β and the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Although APP is intensively studied as a ubiquitously expressed cell surface protein, which is involved in Alzheimer disease, its precise physiological role and relevance remain elusive. Based on a novel proteomics technique termed terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS), APP was identified …

Misunderstandings about developmental dyslexia: a historical overview

2020

Developmental dyslexia is a reading disorder unrelated to intellectual disability, inadequate teaching systems or poor motivation for schooling. The first attempts to understand such difficulty of learning to read, connected the problem to a primary ‘visual defect’. Since then, several models have been developed. In the last decades, autopsy and histopathological studies on the brain of developmental dyslexics provided neuroanatomical evidence of structural and morphological differences between the normal and dyslexic brains. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies allowed to understand the neural systems of reading and dyslexia. According to more recent studies, developmental dyslexia appears as…

Pobudzanie przez czytanie, czyli biblioterapia w pracy nauczyciela, wychowawcy, terapeuty

2017

W artykule zaprezentowana została biblioterapia jako metoda mająca zastosowanie w szerokim procesie edukacyjnym. Autorka stara się wykazać, że współczesna szkoła, będąca w przededniu reformy, powinna czerpać z dotychczasowych doświadczeń oraz osiągnięć neurodydaktyki. Opisane zostały sposoby wykorzystania biblioterapii jako metody rozwijającej wiedzę o świecie społecznym czytelnika. Ma ona również zastosowanie w rewalidacji jako metoda odpowiadająca na potrzeby rozwojowe dzieci i niepełnosprawnej młodzieży. Książka ma też znaczenie w poszukiwaniu i budowaniu poczucia sensu życia, szczególnie w przypadku osób o ograniczonej sprawności. Celem artykułu jest także ukazanie wychowawczych i terap…

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and miRNA Impairment in Aging and Age-Related Diseases

2021

Aging is a physiological process defined by decreased cellular and tissue functions. Reduced capacity of protein degradation is one of the important hallmarks of aging that may lead to misfolded protein accumulation and progressive loss of function in organ systems. Recognition of unfolded/misfolded protein aggregates via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensors activates an adaptive mechanism, the unfolded protein response (UPR). The initial step of UPR is defined by chaperone enhancement, ribosomal translation suppression, and misfolded protein degradation, while prolonged ER stress triggers apoptosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs affecting various signaling pathways through de…