Search results for "Nevirapine"

showing 5 items of 15 documents

Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe

2016

Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

MaleHuman immunodeficiency virus 1EtravirineRNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitordarunavirHIV InfectionsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata:Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Salud públicageneticsInhibidores de proteasas:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]atazanavirmedia_commontransmission:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings]3. Good healthmicrobial sensitivity testpriority journalEurope ; HIV-1 ; antiretroviral therapy ; drug resistance ; transmissionHIV/AIDSlamivudineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/pharmacologyanti human immunodeficiency virus agentDrugMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyantiviral susceptibility:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation [Medical Subject Headings]media_common.quotation_subjectantiretroviral therapy030106 microbiologyHIV Infections/drug therapy:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents::Anti-Retroviral Agents::Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]Microbial Sensitivity TestsRILPIVIRINEArticleEFAVIRENZ03 medical and health sciencestransmitted drug resistanceSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingHumansTransmissionhuman:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Pharmacological Phenomena::Drug Resistance [Medical Subject Headings]REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORSRilpivirinaINTEGRASEMUTATIONSabacavirmajor clinical studyVirologyInfecciones por VIHRegimenAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Medicine (all); Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseaseschemistryDrug resistance:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring::Oxazines::Benzoxazines [Medical Subject Headings]MutationHIV-10301 basic medicinenevirapineDrug resistanceCommunicable diseases:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Confidence Intervals [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compoundantiviral therapyINFECTIONMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalence:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]ViralNon-U.S. Gov'tReverse-transcriptase inhibitorantiretrovirus agentResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tMedicine (all)Human immunodeficiency virus infected patientMiddle AgedvirologyPREVALENCEAntiretroviral therapyEncuestas y CuestionariosANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENTEuropeInfectious DiseasesHIV-1/drug effectsHIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacologyRilpivirineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors:Diseases::Immune System Diseases::Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes::HIV Infections [Medical Subject Headings]FemaleHIV drug resistancemedicine.drugAdultHuman immunodeficiency virus proteinase inhibitor:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Nitriles::Rilpivirine [Medical Subject Headings]EfavirenzAnti-HIV AgentsResearch SupportResistencia a medicamentosSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEantiviral resistanceInternal medicineAnti-HIV Agents/pharmacologyDrug Resistance ViralJournal Articlemedicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Enzyme Inhibitors::Protease Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]abacavir plus lamivudineEuropa (Continente)Antiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Drug Resistance Viral; Europe; Female; HIV Infections; HIV Protease Inhibitors; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mutation; Prevalence; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesemtricitabinenonhumanIntervalos de confianzadrug resistanceMutaciónAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmissionbusiness.industryHIVpredictionInhibidores de la transcriptasa inversaHIV Protease InhibitorsHuman immunodeficiency virus 1 infectiontenofovirINDIVIDUALSDrug Resistance Viral/geneticsBenzoxazinasETRAVIRINEdrug effects3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicinePrevalenciabusiness
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Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Nevirapine and Nortriptyline in Rats: Inhibition of Nevirapine Metabolism by Nortriptyline

2014

ABSTRACTOne of the most frequent comorbidities of HIV infection is depression, with a lifetime prevalence of 22 to 45%. Therefore, it was decided to study a potential pharmacokinetic interaction between the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine (NVP) and the tricyclic antidepressant nortriptyline (NT). NVP and NT were administered to rats either orally, intraduodenally, or intravenously, and the changes in plasma levels and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed. Experiments with rat and human hepatic microsomes were carried out to evaluate the inhibitory effects of NT on NVP metabolism. NVP plasma concentrations were significantly higher when this drug was coadminister…

MaleNevirapineAnti-HIV AgentsAdministration OralNortriptylineAntidepressive Agents TricyclicPharmacologyPharmacokineticsimmune system diseasesIn vivomedicineAnimalsHumansPharmacology (medical)NevirapineRats WistarBiotransformationPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugReverse-transcriptase inhibitorbusiness.industryvirus diseasesRatsDose–response relationshipInfectious DiseasesArea Under CurveInjections IntravenousMicrosomes LiverMicrosomeReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsNortriptylinebusinessDrug AntagonismDrug metabolismmedicine.drugAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
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Bioavailability of nevirapine in rats after oral and subcutaneous administration, in vivo absorption from gastrointestinal segments and effect of bil…

2011

Abstract Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type-1. The usual dosing regimen is 200 mg twice/day. Reducing the dosing frequency would significantly improve treatment adherence and quality of life of patients. To study new forms of administration, it is necessary to do pre-clinical studies and know the absorption characteristics of nevirapine in laboratory animals. However, there are no studies about its bioavailability in rats and hardly any about its pharmacokinetic. The objectives of this study were to describe the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in rats after intravenous, oral and subcutaneous administration, to assess its absorp…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyNevirapineDuodenumInjections SubcutaneousPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration OralBiological AvailabilityIleumAbsorption (skin)PharmacologyGastroenterologyIntestinal absorptionPharmacokineticsSpecies SpecificityOral administrationInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsBileHumansNevirapineRats Wistarbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologyBioavailabilityRatsGastrointestinal Tractmedicine.anatomical_structureIntestinal AbsorptionInjections IntravenousDuodenumReverse Transcriptase Inhibitorsbusinessmedicine.drugInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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Reduction of nevirapine-driven HIV mutations by carbamazepine is modulated by CYP3A activity

2014

Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVES: The reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 by single-dose nevirapine given at birth onset is achieved at the expense of de novo HIV-1 resistance mutations. In the VITA1 study, single-dose carbamazepine accelerated nevirapine elimination, but the accompanying trend towards fewer de novo HIV-1 mutations was statistically non-significant. METHODS: We investigated if the effect of carbamazepine was confounded by the individual variability in nevirapine metabolism and transport. RESULTS: Nine of 34 (26%) single-dose nevirapine-treated women had one or more nevirapine-associated resistance mutations, compared with 3 of 34 (9%) in the single-d…

Microbiology (medical)NevirapineCYP3AAnti-HIV AgentsHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Mutation MissenseEndogenyHIV InfectionsPharmacologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeChemopreventionPregnancyDrug Resistance ViralmedicineClinical endpointCytochrome P-450 CYP3AHumansPharmacology (medical)NevirapinePharmacologyMutationCYP3A4Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A InducersCarbamazepinelnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4]Infectious DiseasesCarbamazepineTreatment OutcomeHIV-1Femalemedicine.drug
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Occurrence of selected antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs in Nairobi River Basin, Kenya.

2015

In this paper, we investigated the occurrence of three antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin) and three antiretroviral (lamivudine, nevirapine and zidovudine) drugs in the Nairobi River Basin, Kenya. The analytical procedure involved extraction using solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-ESI-MS/MS). In this study, 40 sites were selected for sampling, including 38 sites along the rivers and 2 wastewater treatment effluent sites. All the studied compounds were detected with sulfamethoxazole having the highest detection frequency of 97.5% and ciprofloxacin had the lowest at 60%. The results show…

Veterinary medicineSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationEnvironmental EngineeringNevirapine010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesta1172antiretroviral010501 environmental sciencesBiologyoccurrence01 natural sciencesRisk AssessmentantibioticsRiverspredicted no effect concentrationmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryAnimalsPredicted no-effect concentrationWaste Management and DisposalEffluent0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSulfamethoxazoleSolid Phase ExtractionFishesLamivudinePollutionTrimethoprimKenyaAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinWastewaterAnti-Retroviral AgentsDaphniaEnvironmental chemistrymeasured environmental concentrationWater Pollutants Chemicalrisk quotientmedicine.drugEnvironmental MonitoringThe Science of the total environment
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