Search results for "Nitro"

Classical and reverse substituent effects in meta- and para-substituted nitrobenzene derivatives

2017

Electron-accepting properties of the nitro group were studied in a series of meta- and para-X-substituted nitrobenzene derivatives (X = NMe2, NH2, OH, OMe, CH3, H, F, Cl, CF3, CN, CHO, COMe, CONH2, COOH, COCl, NO2, NO). For this purpose Hammett-like approaches were applied based on quantum chemistry modeling; the B3LYP/6-311++ G(d,p) method was used. The substituent effect (SE) was characterized by the mutually interrelated descriptors: the charge of the substituent active region, cSAR(X), and substituent effect stabilization energy, SESE, as well as substituent constants, σ. Classical SE is realized by dependences of the structural parameters of the nitro group (ONO angle and NO bond lengt…

Editeur. Special Issue Strategies for Nitrous Oxide Emission Mitigation in Agrosystems". Agriculture-Basel

2022

Sustainable development for soya production based on the field research carried out at the Variety Assessment Experimental Station of Głubczyce in th…

2018

The aim of this research was to determine the impact of various nitrogen fertilization systems in soya cultivation on quality and quantity of crop, as well as to examine the economic aspects of sustainable farming. The study was based on research carried out in the Variety Assessment Research Station of Głubczyce (years: 2015-2017). The soybean, protein and fat of four soya varieties (Glycine max (L.)Merrill) non-GMO (Augusta, Mavka, Aligator, Lissabon) were compared, using varying doses of N/ha (0, 30 and 60 kg). The cost effectiveness of the various fertilization doses was also determined. The soybean yields of the different soya varieties differed significantly, which indicates the exist…

Sustainable Fertilization in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

2015

The nutrient level in the soil is one of the most investigated aspects of agricultural research, also including research into Medicinal and Aromatic plants. The effect of fertilization has been studied in detail for many species, with contrasting results as concerns above all the qualitative aspects of production. Generally speaking, an increased level of nutrients induces an enhancement of plant biomass, but when the goal of cultivation is different from herbage yield, i.e. when a special plant part (seeds, or roots, or flowers) is of interest, or when the quality features are especially important, the outcome of fertilization may be dramatically different. A fine-tuned fertilization pract…

The Lotus japonicus ROP3 Is Involved in the Establishment of the Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis but Not of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

2021

Legumes form root mutualistic symbioses with some soil microbes promoting their growth, rhizobia, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). A conserved set of plant proteins rules the transduction of symbiotic signals from rhizobia and AMF in a so-called common symbiotic signaling pathway (CSSP). Despite considerable efforts and advances over the past 20 years, there are still key elements to be discovered about the establishment of these root symbioses. Rhizobia and AMF root colonization are possible after a deep cell reorganization. In the interaction between the model legume Lotus japonicus and Mesorhizobium loti, this reorganization has been shown to be dependent on a SCAR/Wave-like signa…

Optical study of gallium and nitrogen polarity layers of GaN grown on sapphire

2003

A confocal Raman spectroscopic study was carried out on either side of an intentionally grown GaN inversion domain boundary between a pair of strips with opposite (Ga- or N-) polarity. It is shown that the Raman spectra on the N-polarity side displays an A1(TO) mode, prohibited by symmetry considerations, meanwhile on Ga-polarity material this peak is absent, indicating a lower density of defects present in this region. The Raman spectra reveal that in the lateral direction, the change in structural quality accross the inversion domain boundary is rather continuous and extends along 4 ± 1 μm. (© 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Hyperspectral imaging based biomass and nitrogen content estimations from light-weight UAV

2013

Hyperspectral imaging based precise fertilization is challenge in the northern Europe, because of the cloud conditions. In this paper we will introduce schemes for the biomass and nitrogen content estimations from hyperspectral images. In this research we used the Fabry-Perot interferometer based hypespectral imager that enables hyperspectral imaging from lightweight UAVs. During the summers 2011 and 2012 imaging and flight campaigns were carried out on the Finnish test field. Estimation mehtod uses features from linear and non-linear unmixing and vegetation indices. The results showed that the concept of small hyperspectral imager, UAV and data analysis is ready to operational use.

Crystal Structures and Density Functional Theory Calculations of o-and p-Nitroaniline Derivatives: Combined Effect of Hydrogen Bonding and aromatic i…

2013

The interplay of strong and weak hydrogen bonds, dipole–dipole interactions, and aromatic interactions of o- and p-nitroaniline derivatives was studied by combining crystal structure analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Crystal structures of four 2-nitroaniline derivatives, 2-((2-nitrophenyl)amino)ethyl methanesulfonate (1A), 2-((2-nitrophenyl)amino)ethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (2A), N,N′-((1,3-phenylenebis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(2-nitroaniline) (3A), and N-(2-chloroethyl)-2-nitroaniline (4A), and crystal structures of three 4-nitroaniline derivatives, 2-((4-nitrophenyl)amino)ethyl methanesulfonate (1B), 2-((4-nitrophenyl)amino)ethyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (…

CCDC 238750: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

2005

Related Article: M.Ruben, U.Ziener, J.-M.Lehn, V.Ksenofontov, P.Gutlich, G.B.M.Vaughan|2005|Chem.-Eur.J.|11|94|doi:10.1002/chem.200400584

Protein tyrosine nitration and thiol oxidation by peroxynitrite-strategies to prevent these oxidative modifications.

2013

The reaction product of nitric oxide and superoxide, peroxynitrite, is a potent biological oxidant. The most important oxidative protein modifications described for peroxynitrite are cysteine-thiol oxidation and tyrosine nitration. We have previously demonstrated that intrinsic heme-thiolate (P450)-dependent enzymatic catalysis increases the nitration of tyrosine 430 in prostacyclin synthase and results in loss of activity which contributes to endothelial dysfunction. We here report the sensitive peroxynitrite-dependent nitration of an over-expressed and partially purified human prostacyclin synthase (3.3 μM) with an EC50 value of 5 μM. Microsomal thiols in these preparations effectively co…