Search results for "No english keywords"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
Image of Spain in Mexican daily newspapers : exemple of La Crónica de Hoy (online version 2004-2007)
2011
Spain is among the countries that have been developing communication strategies to promote its external image through press and mass media in Latin America civil societies. As Internet has became a mass media, its plays a crucial role in portraying countries images, therefore the basic intent of this research is to explore how Spain is presented in the online version of a Mexican daily newspaper called La Crónica de hoy. The content of the work is divided in three units. The first part is an introduction to Mexico and its daily press industry. The second part outlines the theoretical and methodological aspects of the subject with an emphasis on La Crónica de hoy website (from 2004 to 2007) …
Ontology-based cooperation of information systems : contributions to database-to-ontology mapping and XML-to-ontology mapping
2010
This thesis treats the area of ontology-based cooperation of information systems. We propose a global architecture called OWSCIS that is based on ontologies and web-services for the cooperation of distributed heterogeneous information systems. In this thesis, we focus on the problem of connecting the local information sources to the local ontologies within OWSCIS architecture. This problem is articulated by three main axes: 1) the creation of the local ontology from the local information sources, 2) the mapping of local information sources to an existing local ontology, and 3) the translation of queries over the local ontologies into queries over local information sources.
Spatial coherence and potential predictability of intraseasonal descriptors of the rainy season in Soudano-Sahelian Africa : application to the pearl…
2010
The aim of this thesis is twofold : (i) fill a lack of knowledge about the spatial coherence and seasonal predictability of the intraseasonal characteristics (ISC) of the soudano-sahelian rainy season. These ISC are the seasonal rainfall amount (S), the daily rainfall frequency > 1 mm (O), the daily rainfall mean intensity (I), the dates of the onset and withdrawal of the rainy season, the mean length of the dry (LDS) and/or wet spells (LWS) ; (ii) document the climate-agriculture relationship over the Niamey area based on the millet crop example.From FRIEND-AOC daily rainfall records (1950-2000) for a 136 stations-network located in Senegal, Mali, Burkina-Faso and Niger, the spatial cohere…
Mécanismes de résistance à l'apoptose induite par TRAIL dans les cellules cancéreuses : restauration de la sensibiltié à TRAIL par la chimiothérapie …
2010
The TNF-family member TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) is a cytokine involved in immune anti-tumour surveillance. TRAIL is one of the most promising agents currently under investigation, as it exhibits efficient anti-cancer cytotoxicity with limited side effects on healthy cells. The problem in current cancer therapy is that some cancer cells are already resistant, or can become resistant to TRAIL-induced cell death. The aim of my thesis was to study the mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL, and to find a way to bypass it. First, we were interested in the TRAIL-R4 antagonistic receptor, which is known to bind TRAIL without inducing a death signal. We have demonstrated for the firs…
Drunkenness in Early Modern France (XVI - XVIIIth century)
2010
From the 16th to the 18th century, a deeply rooted tradition of open and celebrative inebriation existed in the kingdom of France. Society permitted collective, festive and social drinking. But many opposed drunkenness. In France at that time, absolute monarchy from divine right was developing, and the fundamental opposition came from religious and civic powers. Drunkenness was seen either as a sin or as a vice of variable severity that drove others to commit it as well. From 1536, a connection was made between sin and crime: inebriation became an auxiliary crime. However, in face of the culture of inebriation, religious and political authorities acted pragmatically and did not really attem…
The mechanisms for maintenance of verbal information in working memory
2011
Working memory is a system that allows to maintain information, while performing a concurrent processing. The subvocal rehearsal (Baddeley, 1986) and the attentional refreshing (Barrouillet et al., 2007) are two mechanisms identified as playing a role in maintenance of verbal information within working memory. However, the exact nature of the interplay of these two mechanisms was little studied and remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of our work was first to investigate the interplay of rehearsal and refreshing. In several experiments performed with young adults, the use of rehearsal and refreshing were respectively manipulated through articulatory suppression and attentional demand of …
Classification of spectra and search for biomarkers in prostate tumours from proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
2010
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men over 50 years. Current detection methods either lack sensitivity or specificity or are unpleasant for the patient. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows the study of metabolism in vivo. The use of a high field machine (≥3T) has allowed us to dispense with the use of an endorectal coil, which is particularly uncomfortable for the patient. The objective of this thesis is to create an automatic method to detect cancer by processing data obtained through magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRS is a complex phenomenon, very sensitive to acquisition conditions. Firstly, we have studied how to improve and optimise signal acquisition. However, even with…
Origins of the outperformance of venture backed initial public offerings : a French study
2010
In this thesis, we analyze the contractual relationship between private equity investors and entrepreneurs/managers of small and medium sized firms. More specifically, we focus on the real contribution of these financial intermediaries to the Initial Public Offering (IPO) performance of financed firms. While considering venture capitalists’ involvement in the governance of financed firms as the main explaining factor, we use the Corporate Governance theory as the relevant theoretical framework. Thus, we firstly point out the agency theory perspective and secondly the resource and knowledge based view perspective to examine the determinants of venture capitalists’ involvement and the impact …
Survey sampling for functionnal data : building asymptotic confidence bands and considering auxiliary information
2011
When collections of functional data are too large to be exhaustively observed, survey sampling techniques provide an effective way to estimate global quantities such as the population mean function, without being obligated to store all the data. In this thesis, we propose a Horvitz–Thompson estimator of the mean trajectory, and with additional assumptions on the sampling design, we state a functional Central Limit Theorem and deduce asymptotic confidence bands. For a fixed sample size, we show that stratified sampling can greatly improve the estimation compared to simple random sampling. In addition, we extend Neyman’s rule of optimal allocation to the functional context. Taking into accoun…
Contribution and limitation of infrared spectroscopy technique to understand physisorption processes on MFI zeolites
2011
This manuscript is devoted to the study of adsorption processes by FTIR spectroscopy. The experimental results concern the adsorption of ethylene, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, sulfur hexafluoride or p-xylene on MFI zeolites, more especially on silicalite-1. The first step of the work was to develop a new experimental device and procedure in order to obtain reliable absorption infrared data and to improve results previously obtained by a prototype. The first main result is to characterize, maybe for the first time, the evolution of the spectrum of the adsorbent all during the adsorption process. Experiments reveal that the zeolite infrared spectrum undergoes strong modifications w…