Search results for "Node"
showing 10 items of 1701 documents
Aortic Stiffness in HIV Infection with and without Antiretroviral Therapy. A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
2020
Background: The risk of Cardiovascular (CV) events is higher in HIV-infected patients (HIV+) compared to HIV-uninfected persons (HIV−). Large artery stiffness, a well-documented predictor of adverse CV prognosis, may mediate this enhanced risk. It is usually assessed by measuring aortic Pulse Wave Velocity (aPWV). Studies examining arterial stiffness in HIV+ yielded inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis with the aim to evaluate the association of HIV infection and its therapy [Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)] with aPWV. Design and Method: The Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for aPWV in different comparison groups. Stati…
Use of DIAGNOdent and VistaProof in diagnostic of Pre-Cavitated Caries Lesions—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
2019
Objective: To analyse the published evidence of the validity of DIAGNDOdent and VistaProof in diagnosing carious depths in pre-cavitated lesions. Material and methods: A systematic review was carried out after identifying a total of 184 articles, including 27 concerning the qualitative review and a subsequent meta-analysis. The quality of the studies was evaluated by using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results: For DIAGNOdent, the sensitivity value was 0.77, the specificity value was 0.75 and AUC was 0.81 for the global meta-analyses. In relation to subgroups, the values estimated 0.85, 0.76 and 0.86, respectively, for the in vivo group and 0.71, 0.75 and 0.83 for the in vitro group. For VistaProof, s…
A comparative study of the behaviour of silver, copper and nickel submitted to a constant high power flux density
2005
In this paper, we present a numerical simulation of three metal cathode (silver, copper and nickel) submitted to a constant flux power flux density ranging between and . The goal is to compare the interface evolution (vaporization and liquefaction rate, appearance time of liquid and vapour, energetic repartition) to predict the behaviour of the cathodes during an electric arc.
Wastewater treatment and electricity production in a microbial fuel cell with Cu–B alloy as the cathode
2019
The possibility of wastewater treatment and electricity production using a microbial fuel cell with Cu&ndash
ChemInform Abstract: Electrical and Mechanical Breakdown of Anodic Films on Tungsten in Aqueous Electrolytes.
1988
Abstract Different types of breakdown are reported to occur during the galvanostatic growth of WO3 films in different aqueous electrolytes. Stresses inside the growing film cause the occurrence of cracks at a critical thickness which varies with the anodizing solution. The electrical breakdown is caused by avalanche ionization of the electronic current inside the film. The influence of the different experimental parameters on both the mechanical and the electrical breakdown voltages is discussed. For the electrical breakdown a model is proposed which explains the dependence of the sparking voltage on the electrolyte resistivity by assuming a double layer effect on the oxygen evolution react…
Synthesis of cyanoacetic acid by carbon dioxide and electrogenerated acetonitrile anion in undivided cells equipped with sacrificial anodes
2008
The electrochemical synthesis of cyanoacetic acid was performed by cathodic reduction of tetraalkylammonium salts (R4NX) in acetonitrile in undivided cells equipped with sacrificial anodes with concomitant or subsequent addition of carbon dioxide. These syntheses avoid the use of dangerous reagents, yield cyanoacetic acid in moderate faradic yields and confirm that the cathodic reduction of tetraalkylammonium salts in the presence of acetonitrile leads to the formation of the anion CNCH2-.
Outstandingly robust anodic dehydrogenative aniline coupling reaction
2020
Abstract Oxidative treatment of anilines usually leads to the formation of black polymers, often referred to as “aniline black”. This over-oxidation is hardly controllable and also a challenging task in the anodic conversion of anilines. Here, a quick and efficient access to valuable building blocks by anodic cross- and homo-coupling of aniline and benzidine derivatives is reported. This electrosynthesis is easily performed in a simple undivided cell using constant current conditions. The key to the observed outstanding performance and robustness of this system is attributed to the used solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol. The extraordinary performance over a broad range of current de…
Electrochemical technology for the treatment of real washing machine effluent at pre-pilot plant scale by using active and non-active anodes
2018
Abstract Real effluent of washing machine is one of the major sources of microplastics and fabrics in municipal and surface water. The effluents constitute large volume of wastewater with different surfactants since every household and industries nowadays use washing machine rather than traditional hand washing. In this work, a real effluent of washing machine was treated by electrooxidation (EO) in a pre-pilot plant scale electrochemical flow reactor using active (Ti/Pt) or non-active (boron doped diamond (BDD)) anodes and Ti cathode. The effect of anode material (Ti/Pt or BDD) and the applied current density (16.6, 33.3 and 66.6 mA cm−2) on the decay of the organic matter, in terms of che…
Photoelectrochemical Synthesis of Polypyrrole on Anodic Ta[sub 2]O[sub 5] Films
2007
Polypyrrole film was photoelectrochemically grown on insulating Ta 2 O 5 anodic film in acetonitrile solution. A characterization by photocurrent spectroscopy (PCS) of metal/oxide/polypyrrole interface was carried out. The PCS results suggest that a metallic-like PPy is formed under illumination at constant anodic potential. By polarizing the polypyrrole at cathodic potentials a photocurrent spectrum typical of p-type semiconducting film was recorded. A scanning electron microscopy study of PPy surfaces solution side and oxide side allowed us to obtain information on the morphology of the polymer as well as a rough estimate of the film thickness and of the diameter of PPy globules at the tw…
Anodic Dehydrogenative Cyanamidation of Thioethers: Simple and Sustainable Synthesis of N‐Cyanosulfilimines
2021
Abstract A novel and very simple to perform electrochemical approach for the synthesis of several N‐cyanosulfilimines in good to excellent yields was established. This method provides access to biologically relevant sulfoximines by consecutive oxidation using electro‐generated periodate. This route can be easily scaled‐up to gram quantities. The S,N coupling is carried out at an inexpensive carbon anode by direct oxidation of sulfide. Therefore, the designed process is atom economic and represents a new “green route” for the synthesis of sulfilimines and sulfoximines.