Search results for "Non invasive"

Le indagini diagnostiche non distruttive e la fruizione delle opere d’arte

2008

<title>Noninvasive detection of intracerebral hemorrhage using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)</title>

1998

Intracerebral Hemorrhage (IH) is an important cause of secondary brain injury in neurosurgical patients. Early identification and treatment improve neurologic outcome. We have tested Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) as an alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool compared to CT-Scans to detect IH. We prospectively studied 212 patients with neurologic symptoms associated with intracranial pathology before performing a CT-scan. NIRS signals indicated pathologies in 181 cases (sensitivity 0.96; specificity 0.29). In a subgroup of subdural hematomas NIRS detected 45 of 46 hematomas (sensitivity 0.96; specificity 0.79). Identification of intracerebral hemorrhage using NIRS has the potential to al…

Iontophoresis for Therapeutic Drug Delivery and Non-invasive Sampling Applications

2017

Most research concerning iontophoresis has focused on topical and transdermal drug delivery and in non-invasive skin sampling applications. Iontophoresis has been established as a safe, versatile and efficient enhancement technique, and several iontophoretic devices have been marketed for topical (lidocaine) and systemic (fentanyl, sumatriptan) delivery and for non-invasive sampling (glucose). Nevertheless, the last decade has seen an increased interest into the potential use of iontophoresis to deliver drugs through the nail and through the sclera and cornea, the two main barriers to eye drug delivery. This chapter aims to summarize the main progress achieved in these areas.

‘Dry’ electrochemistry: A non-invasive approach to the characterization of archaeological iron objects

2021

A methodology for monitoring the corrosion state of archaeological iron objects using ‘dry’ open circuit potential (OCP) measurements is described. Application of this technique to a set of objects from La Bastida de les Alcusses archaeological site (Moixent, València, Spain), dating back to the 4th century BCE, reveals significant differences depending on the conservation state. The transient OCP responses (which last between a few seconds and 10–15 min) were superimposed with much shorter (less than one second) intense features. Fil: Doménech Carbó, Antonio. Universidad de Valencia; España Fil: Peiró Ronda, María Amparo. Museu de Prehistòria de València; España Fil: Vives Ferrándiz, Jaime…

Identification of the most informative wavelengths for non-invasive melanoma diagnostics in spectral region from 450 to 950 nm

2020

In this study 300 skin lesion (including 32 skin melanomas) multispectral data cubes were analyzed. The multi-step and single step machine learning approaches were analyzed to find the wavebands that provide the most information that helps discriminate skin melanoma from other benign pigmented lesions. The multi-step machine learning approach assumed training several models but proved itself to be ineffective. The reason for that is a necessity to train a segmentation model on a very small dataset and utilization of standard machine learning classifier which have shown poor classification performance. The single-step approach is based on a deep learning neural network. We have conducted 260…

Reply to: “Non-invasive prediction of oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis secondary to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”

2018

Non invasive blood flow measurement in cerebellum detects minimal hepatic encephalopathy earlier than psychometric tests

2013

AIM: To assess whether non invasive blood flow measurement by arterial spin labeling in several brain regions detects minimal hepatic encephalopathy. METHODS: Blood flow (BF) was analyzed by arterial spin labeling (ASL) in different brain areas of 14 controls, 24 cirrhotic patients without and 16 cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Images were collected using a 3 Tesla MR scanner (Achieva 3T-TX, Philips, Netherlands). Pulsed ASL was performed. Patients showing MHE were detected using the battery Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) consisting of five tests. Different cognitive and motor functions were also assessed: alterations in selective attention we…

Is There a Future for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation as a Therapeutic Tool?

2019

Several techniques and protocols of non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic and electrical stimuli, have been developed in the past decades. These techniques can induce long lasting changes in cortical excitability by promoting synaptic plasticity and thus may represent a therapeutic option in neuropsychiatric disorders. On the other hand, despite these techniques have become popular, the fragility and variability of the after effects are the major challenges that non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation currentlyfaces. Several factors may account for such a variability such as biological variations, measurement reproducibility, and the neurona…

Non-invasive tunnelled catheter reposition (NTCR): A simple and safe method to restore central tunnelled catheter function for haemodialysis

2020

AbstractDespite all efforts, still many end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients are dialysed using a central tunnelled catheter (CTC) as vascular access. When the CTC blood flow becomes ineffective, a number of protocols are advised. However, all of them are time- and cost-consuming. The manoeuvre of a non-invasive tunnelled catheter reposition (NTCR) was introduced to restore the CTC function. NTCR was based on gentle movements of the CTC, with or without a simultaneous flushing of the CTC lines, which resulted in a quick reposition of the CTC tip. This study comprises the analysis of a total of 297 NTCRs, which were performed in 114 patients, thus enabling an effective blood flow after 1…

Age as a Confounding Factor for the Accurate Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Advanced NAFLD Fibrosis

2017

OBJECTIVES Non-invasive fibrosis scores are widely used to identify/exclude advanced fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, these scores were principally developed and validated in patients aged between 35 and 65 years of age. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of age on the performance of non-invasive fibrosis tests in NAFLD. METHODS Patients were recruited from European specialist hepatology clinics. The cohort was divided into five age-based groups: ≤35 (n=74), 36-45 (n=96), 46-55 (n=197), 56-64 (n=191), and ≥65 years (n=76), and the performance of the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ratio, fibrosis 4 (F…