Search results for "Normal"

showing 10 items of 2571 documents

Unveiling the Lewis Acid Catalyzed Diels–Alder Reactions Through the Molecular Electron Density Theory

2020

The effects of metal-based Lewis acid (LA) catalysts on the reaction rate and regioselectivity in polar Diels&ndash

Models MolecularReaction mechanismDieneChemistry OrganicMolecular ConformationNormal DistributionPharmaceutical ScienceElectrons010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical ChemistryCatalysisReaction ratelcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophilelcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryButadienesLewis acids and basesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLewis Acidsrelation mechanismCycloaddition Reactioncatalysis010405 organic chemistryOrganic Chemistrymolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivityLewis acid0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophileDiels–AlderSolventsMolecular MedicineQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsMolecules
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Vibrational spectrum of the spin crossover complex [Fe(phen)(2)(NCS)(2)] studied by IR and Raman spectroscopy, nuclear inelastic scattering and DFT c…

2006

The vibrational modes of the low-spin and high-spin isomers of the spin crossover complex [Fe(phen)(2)(NCS)(2)] (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been measured by IR and Raman spectroscopy and by nuclear inelastic scattering. The vibrational frequencies and normal modes and the IR and Raman intensities have been calculated by density functional methods. The vibrational entropy difference between the two isomers, DeltaS(vib), which is--together with the electronic entropy difference DeltaS(el)--the driving force for the spin-transition, has been determined from the measured and from the calculated frequencies. The calculated difference (DeltaS(vib) = 57-70 J mol(-1) K(-1), depending on the m…

Models MolecularSpectrophotometry InfraredNitrogenAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyInelastic scatteringIron Chelating AgentsSpectrum Analysis RamanMolecular physicsHot bandsymbols.namesakeIsomerismNormal modeSpin crossoverFerrous CompoundsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectronic entropyChemistryMolecular vibrationsymbolsThermodynamicsSpin LabelsRaman spectroscopyMathematicsPhenanthrolinesPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Investigation of tooth transposition in a non-syndromic Turkish anatolian population : characteristic features and associated dental anomalies

2009

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency and characteristics of dental transpositions and to evaluate associated dental anomalies in a large sample of Turkish Anatolian population. Study design: A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 6983 patients (4092 females and 2891 males) ranging in age from 12 to 27 subjected to Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Ataturk (Erzurum, Turkey) between 2005 and 2008. For each patient with tooth transposition we recorded the demographic variables (including age, sex), history of trauma, type, classification, and location of tooth transpositions, and associated dental anomalies. The Pearson chi-squ…

MolarAdultMaleAdolescentTurkeyTurkishPopulationDentistryTransposition (music)Young AdultIncisorstomatognathic systemMedicineHumanseducationChildGeneral DentistryRetrospective StudiesOrthodonticsDental anomalieseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryTooth Abnormalities:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]language.human_languagestomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASlanguageSurgeryFemalebusinessTooth transpositionNon syndromic
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Spinocerebellar ataxia: functional analysis of the stomatognathic system

2019

Background Neurodegenerative diseases that affect the cerebellum, especially in elderly individuals, cause impairment of motor coordination and quality of life. The presente study evaluated the electromyographic activity and thickness of the right and left masseter and temporal muscles, and the maximum molar bite force of individuals with spinocerebellar ataxia. Material and Methods Twenty-eight individuals were divided into two groups: those with (n=14) and without (n=14) spinocerebellar ataxia. Data on the masticatory muscles obtained from the electromyographic activity (resting, right and left laterality and protrusion), muscle thickness (maximal voluntary contraction and tensile strengt…

MolarAdultMaleCerebellumcongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesTemporal MuscleMandibleFunctional LateralityBite ForceDental OcclusionMedicineHumansSpinocerebellar AtaxiasProspective StudiesStomatognathic SystemGeneral DentistryOrthodonticsOral Medicine and PathologyDOENÇAS DEGENERATIVASbusiness.industryElectromyographyMasseter MuscleResearchMiddle AgedTemporomandibular Joint Disordersmedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]MolarMasticatory forceMotor coordinationBite force quotientStomatognathic systemmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyCase-Control StudiesUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASLateralityMasticatory MusclesSpinocerebellar ataxiaQuality of LifeMasticationSurgeryFemalebusinessBrazil
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The prevalence of root dilacerations in a Turkish population

2009

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of root dilaceration in a Turkish dental patient population with respect to sexes and dental localization in relation between sex and this anomaly. Study Design: A retrospective study was performed using periapical radiography of 2,124 patients ranging in age from 15 to 65. All data (age, sex and systemic disease or syndrome) was obtained from the files. These patients were analyzed for root dilaceration. Descriptive characteristics of sexes, jaws, and dental localization were recorded. The Pearson chi-squared test was used. Results: Of 2,251 patients, 214 (9.5%) had root dilaceration. Root dilacerations were determined in 27…

MolarAdultMaleTurkish populationAdolescentTurkeyRadiographyDentistryYoung Adultstomatognathic systemPrevalenceMedicineHumansMaxillary central incisorSex DistributionGeneral DentistryAgedRetrospective StudiesOrthodonticsbusiness.industryTooth AbnormalitiesMandibleMiddle Agedmedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]stomatognathic diseasesOtorhinolaryngologyMaxillaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASPosterior teethSurgeryFemalebusinessDilaceration
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Operator mixing and scaling deviations in asymptotically free field theories

1976

Predictions of asymptotically free field theories for scaling deviations of the structure functions are compared with recent SLAC and Fermilab data on deep-inelastic lepton-hadron scattering. Contributions of nonsinglet as well as singlet Wilson operators are taken into account. The latter contributions are found to be non-negligible; specifically it is observed, in agreement with neutrino data, that about 60% of the proton's momentum is due to gluons. The expected quantitative pattern of scaling violations is given for a large range of ..omega.. and Q/sup 2/. (AIP)

MomentumPhysicsRenormalizationParticle physicsQuantum electrodynamicsOperator (physics)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoScale invarianceDeep inelastic scatteringScalingGluonPhysical Review D
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Bleomycin Exerts Ambivalent Antitumor Immune Effect by Triggering Both Immunogenic Cell Death and Proliferation of Regulatory T Cells

2013

International audience; Bleomycin (BLM) is an anticancer drug currently used for the treatment of testis cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. This drug triggers cancer cell death via its capacity to generate radical oxygen species (ROS). However, the putative contribution of anticancer immune responses to the efficacy of BLM has not been evaluated. We make here the observation that BLM induces immunogenic cell death. In particular, BLM is able to induce ROS-mediated reticulum stress and autophagy, which result in the surface exposure of chaperones, including calreticulin and ERp57, and liberation of HMBG1 and ATP. BLM induces anti-tumor immunity which relies on calreticulin, CD8(+) T cells and inte…

MouseCancer TreatmentCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryHematologic Cancers and Related DisordersMice0302 clinical medicineTransforming Growth Factor beta[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyCytotoxic T cellImmune Response0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryCell DeathbiologyQRFOXP3Animal ModelsHematology3. Good healthCell biologyOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicine[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyImmunogenic cell deathFemaleLymphomasOncology AgentsResearch ArticleTumor Immunologycongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesProgrammed cell death[SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyScienceImmunologyAntineoplastic Agentschemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBleomycin03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsImmune systemCell Line TumorAnimalsHumansBiologyCell Proliferation030304 developmental biologyHodgkin Lymphomaurogenital systemCell growthImmunitynutritional and metabolic diseasesImmunologic SubspecialtiesChemotherapy and Drug TreatmentImmunity InnateCancer cellbiology.proteinClinical ImmunologyCalreticulinPLoS ONE
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Design and Implementation of a Low-cost Embedded Iris Recognition System on a Dual-core Processor Platform

2012

Abstract Design of a low-cost embedded iris recognition system is described in this paper. Firstly, we develop a simple and effective iris image acquisition unit, which is cheap and easy to use. This is achieved by both of hardware design and image evaluation algorithm development. Secondly, the iris recognition algorithm is introduced, including iris segmentation, image normalization, feature extraction, and code matching. The algorithm implementation architecture is based on an embedded dual-core processor platform, Texas Instruments TMS320DM6446 evaluation module (Davinci), which contains an ARM core and a DSP core in one chip. Thirdly, the evaluation experiments are performed on the est…

Multi-core processorbusiness.industryComputer scienceFeature extractionIris recognitionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONNormalization (image processing)SegmentationIRIS (biosensor)General MedicinebusinessDigital signal processingComputer hardwareIFAC Proceedings Volumes
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Deep 3D Convolution Neural Network for Alzheimer’s Detection

2020

One of the most well-known and complex applications of artificial intelligence (AI) is Alzheimer’s detection, which lies in the field of medical imaging. The complexity in this task lies in the three-dimensional structure of the MRI scan images. In this paper, we propose to use 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (3D-CNN) for Alzheimer’s detection. 3D-CNNs have been a popular choice for this task. The novelty in our paper lies in the fact that we use a deeper 3D-CNN consisting of 10 layers. Also, with effectively training our model consisting of Batch Normalization layers that provide a regularizing effect, we don’t have to use any transfer learning. We also use the simple data augmentation te…

Multiclass classificationBinary classificationComputer sciencebusiness.industryDeep learningNormalization (image processing)Pattern recognitionApplications of artificial intelligenceArtificial intelligencebusinessTransfer of learningConvolutional neural networkField (computer science)
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COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SEVERAL MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS

2007

Over the past several decades, environmental decision-making strategies have evolved into increasingly more sophisticated, information-intensive, and complexapproaches including expert judgment, cost-benefit analysis, toxicological risk assessment, comparative risk assessment, and a number of methods forincorporating public and stakeholder values. This evolution has led to an improved array of decision-making aids, including the development of Multi-CriteriaDecision Analysis (MCDA) tools that offer a scientifically sound decision analytical framework. The existence of different MCDA methods and the availability of corresponding software contribute to the possibility of practical implementat…

Multicriteria decisionOperations researchManagement scienceAggregate (data warehouse)Rank (computer programming)StakeholderAnalytic hierarchy processMultivariate normal distributionMultiple-criteria decision analysisPreferenceWork (electrical)ObstacleStochastic simulationProbability distributionEnvironmental scienceBusinessRisk assessmentEnvironmental planningStrengths and weaknesses
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