Search results for "Note"

showing 10 items of 10709 documents

Unsteadiness and transition to turbulence in woven spacer filled channels for Membrane Distillation

2017

To characterize the performance of Membrane Distillation (MD) modules, channels filled with woven spacers were investigated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (including Direct Numerical Simulations and the use of the SST k-ω turbulence model) and by parallel experiments with Thermochromic Liquid Crystals. The cases considered here regard mutually orthogonal filaments with a spacer pitch to channel height ratio P/H=2, two spacer orientations θ with respect to the main flow (0° and 45°), and bulk Reynolds numbers Re from ∼200 to ∼2000, an interval of great interest in practical MD applications. For both values of θ, CFD predicted steady-state flow for Re up to ∼300, and chaotic flow …

HistoryFlow (psychology)Thermodynamics02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamicsEducationPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesake020401 chemical engineeringLiquid crystal0204 chemical engineeringbusiness.industryTurbulenceChemistryOscillationSpacer-filled channels CFD membrane distillation turbulence RANS DNSReynolds numberMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsHeat transfersymbols0210 nano-technologyReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsbusiness
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Molecular ND Band Spectroscopy in the Divertor Region of Nitrogen Seeded JET Discharges

2018

In this contribution we present OES measurements in the JET tokamak of the deuterated NH (ND) radical and the correlation between results of those experiments and measurement of ammonia production. The observation region covers most of the divertor and its outer throat. Measurements are performed in different magnetic configurations. The results include temporal and spatial dependence of the molecular emission intensity and study of the emission band shape (vibrational and rotational temperatures) during different JET pulses, with or without nitrogen seeding. Results are a step towards the understanding of nitrogen-containing molecule creation and destruction in the divertor plasma. For com…

HistoryJet (fluid)Materials scienceTokamakDivertorAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesNitrogenFusion Plasma and Space Physics010305 fluids & plasmasComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionAmmonia productionFusion plasma och rymdfysikchemistryDeuteriumlaw0103 physical sciencesSeeding0210 nano-technologySpectroscopy
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Sexism, romantic love and gender inequality. A study of Latin American adolescents living in Spain

2019

Este trabajo examina el papel de los factores sociodemográficos como determinantes de las creencias y actitudes sexistas y las percepciones distorsionadas sobre el amor romántico, y analiza la relación entre el sexismo hostil y el sexismo benevolente y las creencias en mitos del amor romántico, según el Índice de Desigualdad de Género (idg), en una muestra de 203 adolescentes latinoamericanos residentes en Valencia (España). This paper examines the role of socio-demographic factors determining both sexist beliefs and attitudes and distorted perceptions of romantic love. Moreover, the relationship between hostile and benevolent sexism, and the belief in myths about romantic love is analyzed …

HistoryLatin AmericansadolescenciaSociology and Political Science020502 materialsLiteratura hispanoamericanaGender Inequality Index02 engineering and technologyMythologyLatin American literature021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRomancesexismomitos del amor románticoSpanish American literaturelcsh:Political science (General)0205 materials engineeringLiteratura latinoamericanadesigualdad de géneroSociology0210 nano-technologylcsh:JA1-92Humanities
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Mössbauer Spectroscopy: Elegance and versatility in chemical diagnostics

2010

Dedicated to Professor Rudolf Ludwig Mossbauer on the occasion of his 80th birthday . Soon after the discovery of the recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence by Rudolf L. Mossbauer some fifty years ago a new spectroscopic technique developed quickly on the basis of this resonance phenomenon as an excellent tool for the investigation of materials through electric and magnetic hyperfine interactions between electrons and suitable Mo uml ssbauer nu-clides. Many disciplines of solid state research have benefited from applications of the new tool for non-destructive phase analysis. Chemists in particular have recognized the information that can be derived from Mo uml ssbauer spectra regarding …

HistoryMagnetismChemistryMössbauer spectroscopyMolecular symmetryNuclear resonance fluorescenceNanotechnologyPlanet MarsSpectroscopyPhase analysisHyperfine structureComputer Science ApplicationsEducationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Effect of cobalt doping on the local structure and dynamics of multiferroic MnWO4and Mn0.7Co0.3WO4

2013

The local atomic structure and dynamics in multiferroic MnWO4 and Mn0.7Co0.3WO4 have been studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Co(Mn) K-edge and W L3-edge. The analysis of the first coordination shell of metal ions using single-shell Gaussian approximation and regularization-like method allowed us to determine a distortion of Mn(Co)O6 and WO6 octahedra. It was found that the local environment of Co2+ ions in Mn0.7Co0.3WO4 is close to that in CoWO4, whereas the presence of cobalt ions reduces the distortion of MnO6 octahedra in comparison with pure MnWO4.

HistoryMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsMetal ions in aqueous solutionDopingchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsEducationIonCrystallographyOctahedronchemistryDistortion0103 physical sciencesddc:530Multiferroics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyCobaltJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Pd nanoparticles formation inside porous polymeric scaffolds followed by in situ XANES/SAXS

2015

International audience; Simultaneous time-resolved SAXS and XANES techniques were employed to follow in situ the formation of Pd nanoparticles from palladium acetate precursor in two porous polymeric supports: polystyrene (PS) and poly(4-vinyl-pyridine) (P4VP). In this study we have investigated the effect of the use of different reducing agents (H-2 and CO) from the gas phase. These results, in conjunction with data obtained by diffuse reflectance IR (DRIFT) spectroscopy and TEM measurements, allowed us to unravel the different roles played by gaseous H-2 and CO in the formation of the Pd nanoparticles for both PS and P4VP hosting scaffolds

HistoryMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementreduction02 engineering and technologypolystyrene010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesEducationP4VPchemistry.chemical_compoundPdPd nanoparticles formation inside porous polymeric scaffoldspaladumchemistry.chemical_classification[PHYS]Physics [physics]Small-angle X-ray scatteringnanoparticlein situSAXS XANES Pd paladum nanoparticle polystyrene P4VP DRIFT TEM reduction in situSAXSPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyXANESXANES0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsCrystallographyDRIFTchemistryChemical engineeringTEMPolystyreneDiffuse reflection0210 nano-technologyPalladium
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Magnetic properties of colloidal cobalt nanoclusters

2010

Abstract. Co nanoclusters were synthesized by an inverse-micelle chemical route. The magnetic and microstructural properties of the nanoparticles have been analyzed as a function of the surfactant (AOT and DEHP) and the drying method. Microstructural analysis has been performed by TEM and XANES; magnetic properties have been studied by hysteresis loops and zero-field cooling - field cooling (ZFC-FC) curves. TEM images show 2 to 4 nm sized particles spherical in shape. XANES measurements point out a significant presence of Co3O4 with metallic Co and some Co2+ bound to the surfactant. The presence of antiferromagnetic Co3O4 explains the magnetic transition observed at low T in both ZFC-FC mea…

HistoryMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticleNanotechnologyXANESComputer Science ApplicationsEducationNanoclustersMetalColloidHysteresisCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistrycobalt nanoparticlesvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAntiferromagnetismCobaltSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Influence of the boundary conditions on heat and mass transfer in spacer-filled channels

2017

The purpose of this study is to discuss some problems which arise in heat or mass transfer in complex channels, with special reference to the spacer-filled channels adopted in membrane processes. Among the issues addressed are the consistent definition of local and mean heat or mass transfer coefficients; the influence of the wall boundary conditions; the influence of one-side versus two-side heat/mass transfer. Most of the results discussed were obtained by finite volume CFD simulations concerning heat transfer in Membrane Distillation or mass transfer in Electrodialysis and Reverse Electrodialysis, but many of the conclusions apply also to different processes involving geometrically compl…

HistoryMaterials scienceConvective heat transferFilm temperature02 engineering and technologyMechanicsHeat transfer coefficientElectrodialysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChurchill–Bernstein equationComputer Science ApplicationsEducationPhysics and Astronomy (all)020401 chemical engineeringMass transferReversed electrodialysisHeat transfer0204 chemical engineering0210 nano-technology
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Microfabrication of hybrid fluid membrane for microengines

2015

International audience; This paper describes the microfabrication and dynamic characterization of thick membranes providing a technological solution for microengines. The studied membranes are called hybrid fluid-membrane (HFM) and consist of two thin membranes that encapsulate an incompressible fluid. This work details the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scalable fabrication and characterization of HFMs. The membranes are composite structures based on Silicon spiral springs embedded in a polymer (RTV silicone). The anodic bonding of multiple stacks of Si/glass structures, the fluid filling and the sealing have been demonstrated. Various HFMs were successfully fabricated and their dyna…

HistoryMaterials scienceFabrication020209 energyComposite number02 engineering and technologyEducation[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph]Composite material[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsRTV siliconeComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationMicroelectromechanical systems[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph][SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric powerPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsMembranechemistryAnodic bonding[PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]0210 nano-technologyMicrofabrication
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Normal metal - insulator - superconductor thermometers and coolers with titanium-gold bilayer as the normal metal

2018

We have fabricated superconductor - insulator - normal metal - insulator - superconductor (SINIS) tunnel junctions in which Al acts as the superconductor, AlOx is the insulator, and the normal metal consists of a thin Ti layer (5 nm) covered with a thicker Au layer (40 nm). We have characterized the junctions by measuring their current-voltage curves between 60 mK and 750 mK. For comparison, the same measurements have been performed for a SINIS junction pair whose normal metal is Cu. The Ti-Au bilayer decreases the SINIS tunneling resistance by an order of magnitude compared to junctions where Cu is used as normal metal, made with the same oxidation parameters. The Ti-Au devices are much mo…

HistoryMaterials scienceFabricationBand gapInsulator (electricity)02 engineering and technologysuperconductors01 natural sciencessuprajohteetEducationlaw.inventionnanoelectronicsMetallawCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical scienceslämpömittarit010306 general physicsQuantum tunnellingSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsnanoelektroniikkaBilayerCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science Applicationsthermometersvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyElectron coolingJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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