Search results for "Nucleases"

showing 10 items of 147 documents

Endoribonuclease IV. A poly(A)-specific ribonuclease from chick oviduct. 1. Purification of the enzyme.

1976

A new endoribonuclease, termed endoribonuclease IV, has been described. This enzyme has been isolated from chick oviducts and purified 15 000-fold in a 25% yield nearly to homogeneity. The nuclease, which specifically degrades poly(A), forms oligonucleotides of an average chain length of 10. These (A)-10 fragments are terminated by 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate groups. The enzyme has a pH optimum at 8.7, requires Mn2+ or Mg2+ as a cofactor, and has a molecular weight of about 45 000.

EndoribonucleaseOviductsBiologyBiochemistryCofactorStructure-Activity RelationshipRibonucleasesAnimalsMagnesiumchemistry.chemical_classificationNucleaseManganeseOligoribonucleotidesOligonucleotideEndoribonuclease IVEndonucleasesMolecular biologyEnzyme ActivationMolecular WeightKineticsEnzymeBiochemistrychemistryYield (chemistry)biology.proteinOviductFemalePoly AChickensEuropean journal of biochemistry
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Specific detection of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in phytoplankton DNA by a non-radioactive assay based on T4-endonuclease V digestion.

2001

The effect of artificial and natural UV irradiation on DNA in marine phytoplankton Isochrysis galbana monoculture was investigated. The presence of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in unlabelled I. galbana DNA was detected by a non-radiometric alkaline filter elution assay after T4-endonuclease V digestion. The quantity of CPDs was estimated by alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis. Precise determination of the amount of DNA in the presence of I. galbana pigments was achieved by oxazole yellow homodimer (YOYO) dye. T4-endonuclease V-sensitive sites frequency (ESS/kb), measured after exposure to 2-40 kJ m(-2) of artificial UV light, increased in a dose-dependent manner. Twelve hours after…

Environmental EngineeringDNA RepairDNA damageDNA repairUltraviolet RaysPyrimidine dimerIsochrysis galbanachemistry.chemical_compoundPigmentDeoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer)Viral ProteinsEnvironmental ChemistryWaste Management and DisposalEndodeoxyribonucleasesbiologyAlkaline filter elution; crude oil; DNA damage; phytoplankton; UV; sunlightbiology.organism_classificationPollutionPetroleumBiochemistrychemistryCell culturePyrimidine Dimersvisual_artAgarose gel electrophoresisPhytoplanktonvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSunlightBiological AssayDNADNA DamageThe Science of the total environment
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Neutral deoxyribonucleases of HeLa S3 cells: electrophoretic separation, characterization, substrate specificity and mode of action.

1980

Extracts of HeLa S3 cells were electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels; gel slices were eluted and the eluates were assayed for DNase activities against native and denatured DNA substrates in the presence of MgCl2 or Na2EDTA. Aliquots of each eluate were also assayed for their ability to nick the circular supercoiled PM2 phage DNA to distinguish endonucleases from exonucleases. Peaks of endonuclease activities were characterized as forming 3′-phospho-oligonucleotides or 5′-phospho-oligonucleotides by the use of oligonucleotides produced by these enzymes as substrates for the 5′-phosphate-specific snake venom exonuclease. The total activity of DNases in gel eluates was much higher than that i…

ExonucleasePolyacrylamideDNA Single-StrandedBiochemistrySubstrate SpecificityEndonucleasechemistry.chemical_compoundHumansMagnesiumEdetic Acidchemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyDeoxyribonucleasesbiologyOligonucleotideHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationElectrophoresisEnzymeBiochemistrychemistryDNA Viralbiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelDNA CircularDeoxyribonucleasesDNAHeLa CellsEuropean journal of biochemistry
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Control of Enzymic Hydrolysis of Polyadenylate Segment of Messenger RNA: Role of Polyadenylate-Associated Proteins

1978

The role of poly(A)-associated proteins in the breakdown of poly(A) sequences in both mammalian polyribosomes and in isolated poly(A) · protein complexes has been studied on an enzymic level. Two nucleases (alkaline exoribonuclease and endoribonuclease IV; both isolated from eukaryotic tissue), which preferentially hydrolyze poly(A) sequences, have been applied to determine the susceptibility of poly(A) in dependence on the presence of poly(A) · protein(s). Polysomes, isolated from L5178y mouse lymphoma cells, do not contain endogenous poly(A) nuclease activity. The poly(A) segment in polysomes is hydrolyzed by the exoribonuclease, irrespective of the preincubation conditions used. Pretreat…

Exonucleaseschemistry.chemical_classificationNucleaseMessenger RNAbiologyEndonucleasesBiochemistryMolecular biologyCell LineKineticschemistry.chemical_compoundNucleoproteinsRibonucleasesEnzymechemistryBiochemistryPolyribosomesExoribonucleasePolysomebiology.proteinUreaPolyadenylateRNA MessengerRibonucleasePoly AEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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DNA Computing: Concepts for Medical Applications

2022

The branch of informatics that deals with construction and operation of computers built of DNA, is one of the research directions which investigates issues related to the use of DNA as hardware and software. This concept assumes the use of DNA computers due to their biological origin mainly for intelligent, personalized and targeted diagnostics frequently related to therapy. Important elements of this concept are (1) the retrieval of unique DNA sequences using machine learning methods and, based on the results of this process, (2) the construction/design of smart diagnostic biochip projects. The authors of this paper propose a new concept of designing diagnostic biochips, the key elements o…

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processesmachine learning; DNA computer; biochips; queue automata; type IIB endonucleasesProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringGeneral Materials ScienceInstrumentationComputer Science ApplicationsApplied Sciences-Basel
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MboII endonuclease heat inactivation before agarose gel electrophoresis to prevent artifactual bands in restriction patterns

1999

Gel electrophoresisDNA BacterialElectrophoresis Agar GelProtein DenaturationSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaHot TemperaturebiologyMolecular biologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyRestriction fragmentHeat inactivationElectrophoresischemistry.chemical_compoundRestriction enzymeBiochemistrychemistryAgarose gel electrophoresisEnzyme Stabilitybiology.proteinEscherichia coliDeoxyribonucleases Type II Site-SpecificMboII endonucleaseDNAPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthBiotechnology
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Gene Repair of an Usher Syndrome Causing Mutation by Zinc-Finger Nuclease Mediated Homologous Recombination

2012

PURPOSE. Human Usher syndrome (USH) is the most frequent cause of inherited deaf-blindness. It is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, assigned to three clinical types of which the most severe type is USH1. No effective treatment for the ophthalmic component of USH exists. Gene augmentation is an attractive strategy for hereditary retinal diseases. However, several USH genes, like USH1C, are expressed in various isoforms, hampering gene augmentation. As an alternative treatment strategy, we applied the zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN) technology for targeted gene repair of an USH1C, causing mutation by homologous recombination. METHODS. We designed ZFNs customized for the p.R31X nonsense mut…

Gene isoformNonsense mutationCell Cycle ProteinsBiologyRetinaCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundHumansDNA Breaks Double-StrandedDNA CleavageHomologous RecombinationGeneAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingZinc fingerGeneticsTargeted Gene RepairfungiZinc FingersDNAEndonucleasesZinc finger nucleaseCytoskeletal ProteinschemistryCodon NonsenseHomologous recombinationUsher SyndromesDNATargeted Gene RepairInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the Xba I polymorphism of the human complement C4 genes provides evidence for strong haplotype conservation.

1995

The genes coding for the two isotypes of the fourth component of human complement, C4A and C4B, are located between the HLA-B and -DR loci of the MHC. We studied the linkage relationship of the previously described XbaI RFLP to obtain further insight into the evolution of the tandemly arranged C4 genes. Using exon-specific PCR amplification followed by restriction analysis and direct DNA sequencing, the polymorphic site could be located in exon 40 of the C4 gene (cDNA position 5095). The polymorphism does not change an amino acid residue. Using nested PCR amplification with isotype-specific primers to amplify either C4A or C4B alleles the haplotype arrangement of the XbaI sites in both isot…

Genetic LinkageImmunologyMolecular Sequence DataBiologyPolymerase Chain Reactionlaw.inventionExonlawComplementary DNAImmunology and AllergyHumansDeoxyribonucleases Type II Site-SpecificGenePolymerase chain reactionGeneticsPolymorphism GeneticBase SequenceHaplotypeIntronChromosome MappingComplement C4General MedicineMolecular biologyRestriction siteHaplotypesRestriction fragment length polymorphismPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthHuman immunology
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Rational Design of a Carrier Protein for the Production of Recombinant Toxic Peptides in Escherichia coli

2016

Commercial uses of bioactive peptides require low cost, effective methods for their production. We developed a new carrier protein for high yield production of recombinant peptides in Escherichia coli very well suited for the production of toxic peptides like antimicrobial peptides. GKY20, a short antimicrobial peptide derived from the C-terminus of human thrombin, was fused to the C-terminus of Onconase, a small ribonuclease (104 amino acids), which efficiently drove the peptide into inclusion bodies with very high expression levels (about 200-250 mg/L). After purification of the fusion protein by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography, peptide was obtained by chemical cleavage in d…

Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)0301 basic medicineProtein ExpressionCarboxylic Acidslcsh:MedicinePeptideMedicine (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)medicine.disease_causeBiochemistrylaw.inventionlawMedicine and Health SciencesAmino Acidslcsh:ScienceAcetic Acidchemistry.chemical_classificationAntimicrobial Cationic PeptideMultidisciplinaryAntimicrobialsOrganic CompoundsHydrolysisMedicine (all)Chemical ReactionsDrugsRecombinant ProteinRecombinant ProteinsAmino acidChemistryBiochemistryPhysical SciencesRecombinant DNAHumanResearch Article030106 microbiologyAntimicrobial peptidesResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyRibonuclease03 medical and health sciencesResidue (chemistry)RibonucleasesAffinity chromatographyMicrobial ControlGene Expression and Vector TechniquesEscherichia colimedicineSulfur Containing Amino AcidsHumansCysteineMolecular Biology TechniquesMolecular BiologyEscherichia coliPharmacologyMolecular Biology Assays and Analysis TechniquesBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)lcsh:ROrganic ChemistryFormic AcidChemical CompoundsBiology and Life SciencesProteins030104 developmental biologyAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)chemistrylcsh:QCarrier ProteinPeptidesCarrier ProteinsAcidsAntimicrobial Cationic PeptidesCysteinePLOS ONE
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Chromatin structure of yeast genes.

1989

GeneticsDeoxyribonucleasesBioengineeringSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryChromatin remodelingYeastChromatinChromatinCell biologyHistoneGeneticsbiology.proteinNucleosomeDNA FungalGeneChIA-PETBiotechnologyBivalent chromatinYeast (Chichester, England)
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