Search results for "Number"

showing 10 items of 3939 documents

HOMFLY-PT skein module of singular links in the three-sphere

2012

For a ring R, we denote by [Formula: see text] the free R-module spanned by the isotopy classes of singular links in 𝕊3. Given two invertible elements x, t ∈ R, the HOMFLY-PT skein module of singular links in 𝕊3 (relative to the triple (R, t, x)) is the quotient of [Formula: see text] by local relations, called skein relations, that involve t and x. We compute the HOMFLY-PT skein module of singular links for any R such that (t-1 - t + x) and (t-1 - t - x) are invertible. In particular, we deduce the Conway skein module of singular links.

[ MATH.MATH-GT ] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]HOMFFLY-PT skein modulePure mathematics01 natural scienceslaw.inventionMathematics - Geometric TopologylawMathematics::Quantum Algebra[MATH.MATH-GT]Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]0103 physical sciencessingular knot singular linkFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsQuotientMathematicsRing (mathematics)Algebra and Number TheorySkein010102 general mathematicsSkein relationGeometric Topology (math.GT)Mathematics::Geometric TopologyInvertible matrix57M25Isotopy010307 mathematical physics
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Compressed Drinfeld associators

2004

Drinfeld associator is a key tool in computing the Kontsevich integral of knots. A Drinfeld associator is a series in two non-commuting variables, satisfying highly complicated algebraic equations - hexagon and pentagon. The logarithm of a Drinfeld associator lives in the Lie algbera L generated by the symbols a,b,c modulo [a,b]=[b,c]=[c,a]. The main result is a description of compressed associators that satisfy the compressed pentagon and hexagon in the quotient L/[[L,L],[L,L]]. The key ingredient is an explicit form of Campbell-Baker-Hausdorff formula in the case when all commutators commute.

[ MATH.MATH-GT ] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]Hexagon equationPure mathematicsCampbell–Baker–Hausdorff formulaKnotLie algebraModuloCompressed Vassiliev invariantsPentagon equation01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics - Geometric TopologyChord diagramsExtended Bernoulli numbers[MATH.MATH-GT]Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]Mathematics::Quantum Algebra0103 physical sciencesLie algebraMathematics - Quantum AlgebraFOS: MathematicsQuantum Algebra (math.QA)0101 mathematicsAlgebraic numberBernoulli numberQuotientMathematics[MATH.MATH-GT] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]Zeta functionDiscrete mathematics[MATH.MATH-QA] Mathematics [math]/Quantum Algebra [math.QA]Algebra and Number TheoryVassiliev invariants[ MATH.MATH-QA ] Mathematics [math]/Quantum Algebra [math.QA]Drinfeld associator57M25 57M27 11B68 17B01010102 general mathematicsAssociatorQuantum algebraGeometric Topology (math.GT)Kontsevich integralRiemann zeta functionsymbols[MATH.MATH-QA]Mathematics [math]/Quantum Algebra [math.QA]Compressed associator010307 mathematical physicsBernoulli numbers
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Birman's conjecture for singular braids on closed surfaces

2003

Let M be a closed oriented surface of genus g≥1, let Bn(M) be the braid group of M on n strings, and let SBn(M) be the corresponding singular braid monoid. Our purpose in this paper is to prove that the desingularization map η : SBn(M)→ℤ[Bn(M)], introduced in the definition of the Vassiliev invariants (for braids on surfaces), is injective.

[ MATH.MATH-GT ] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]MonoidPure mathematics[ MATH.MATH-GR ] Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]Braid group20F36Group Theory (math.GR)01 natural sciences[MATH.MATH-GR]Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]Mathematics - Geometric TopologyMathematics::Group Theory[MATH.MATH-GT]Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]Mathematics::Category TheoryMathematics::Quantum AlgebraGenus (mathematics)0103 physical sciencesFOS: MathematicsBraid0101 mathematicsMathematics[MATH.MATH-GT] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT][MATH.MATH-GR] Mathematics [math]/Group Theory [math.GR]Algebra and Number TheoryConjecture010102 general mathematicsGeometric Topology (math.GT)20F36;57M27Braid theorySurface (topology)Mathematics::Geometric TopologyInjective function57M27010307 mathematical physicsMathematics - Group Theory
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Conway irreducible hyperbolic knots with two common covers

2005

International audience; For each pair of coprime integers n > m ≥ 2 we construct pairs of non equivalent Conway irreducible hyperbolic knots with the same n-fold and m-fold cyclic branched covers.

[ MATH.MATH-GT ] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]Pure mathematicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesCoprime integersHyperbolic groupMathematics::Number TheoryGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsSkein relationHyperbolic 3-manifoldVolume conjecture01 natural sciencesRelatively hyperbolic groupMathematics::Geometric TopologyKnot theoryAlgebra[MATH.MATH-GT]Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]0103 physical sciences010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsMathematics[MATH.MATH-GT] Mathematics [math]/Geometric Topology [math.GT]
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Observation of laser-induced eld-free permanent planar alignment of molecules

2011

International audience; Permanent planar alignment of gas-phase linear molecules is achieved by a pair of delayed perpendicularly polarized short laser pulses. The experiment is performed in a supersonic jet, ensuring a relatively high number density of molecules with moderately low rotational temperature. The effect is optically probed on a femtosecond time scale by the use of a third short pulse, enabling a time-resolved birefringence detection performed successively in two perpendicular planes of the laboratory frame. The technique allows for an unambiguous estimation of the molecular planar delocalization produced within the polarization plane of the pulse pair after the turn-off of the…

[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Linear molecular geometry01 natural sciencesMolecular physicslaw.invention010309 opticsRotational dynamicsPlanarOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesUltrafast nonlinear optics010306 general physicsOptical Kerr effectPhysicsNumber densityBirefringence[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Molecular alignmentbusiness.industryFemtosecond phenomenaRotational temperature3710Vz 4250Hz 4250MdLaserPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical polarigraphyFemtosecondbusiness
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Analysis of highly excited 'hot' bands in the SO2 molecule: ν2 + 3ν3 - ν2 and 2ν1 + ν2 + ν3 - ν2

2010

International audience; We set up a variational procedure of assignments of transitions and we applied it to the analysis very weak 'hot' bands, v(2) + 3v(3) - v(2) and 2v(1) + v(2) + v(3) - v(2), of the SO2 molecule. As the first step of the study, the 'cold' bands, 3v(3) and 2v(1) + v(3), are re-analysed and transitions belonging to those bands are assigned up to the values of quantum numbers J(max.) = 60, K-a(max.) = 19, and J(max.) = 69, K-a(max.) = 20 for the bands 3v(3) and 2v(1) + v(3), respectively. After 'cleaning' the experimental spectrum from transitions belonging to the 3v(3) and 2v(1) + v(3) bands, a variational procedure was used that allowed us to assign 230 and 115 transiti…

[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]high-resolution spectraHIGH-RESOLUTION ANALYSISBiophysics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]0103 physical sciencesMoleculespectroscopic parametersHigh resolution spectraPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyLASER SPECTROSCOPYMolecular BiologyHigh resolution analysis010304 chemical physicsChemistryCOMBINATION BAND021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsQuantum numberNU-3 BANDINTENSITIESSULFUR-DIOXIDEExcited stateLINE POSITIONSVIBRATIONAL-STATESsulphur dioxideEQUILIBRIUM ROTATIONAL-CONSTANTSAtomic physics0210 nano-technologySUBMILLIMETER-WAVE SPECTRUM
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Whole mirror duplication-random loss model and pattern avoiding permutations

2010

International audience; In this paper we study the problem of the whole mirror duplication-random loss model in terms of pattern avoiding permutations. We prove that the class of permutations obtained with this model after a given number p of duplications of the identity is the class of permutations avoiding the alternating permutations of length p2+1. We also compute the number of duplications necessary and sufficient to obtain any permutation of length n. We provide two efficient algorithms to reconstitute a possible scenario of whole mirror duplications from identity to any permutation of length n. One of them uses the well-known binary reflected Gray code (Gray, 1953). Other relative mo…

[INFO.INFO-CC]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Complexity [cs.CC]Class (set theory)0206 medical engineeringBinary number0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technology[ MATH.MATH-CO ] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]01 natural sciencesIdentity (music)Combinatorial problemsTheoretical Computer ScienceGray codeCombinatoricsPermutation[ INFO.INFO-BI ] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]Gene duplicationRandom loss[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]Pattern avoiding permutationGenerating algorithmComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematicsDiscrete mathematicsWhole duplication-random loss modelMathematics::CombinatoricsGenomeParity of a permutationComputer Science Applications[MATH.MATH-CO] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO][ INFO.INFO-CC ] Computer Science [cs]/Computational Complexity [cs.CC]Binary reflected Gray code010201 computation theory & mathematicsSignal Processing[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]020602 bioinformaticsAlgorithmsInformation Systems
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A Note on Radio Antipodal Colouring of Paths

2005

International audience; The radio antipodal number of a graph G is the smallest integer c such that there exists an assignment f : V (G) -> {1, 2, . . . , c} satisfying |f(u) − f(v)| >= D − d(u, v) for every two distinct vertices u and v of G, where D is the diameter of G. In this note we determine the exact value of the antipodal number of the path, thus answering the conjecture given in [G. Chartrand, D. Erwin, and P. Zhang. Radio antipodal colorings of graphs, Math. Bohem. 127(1):57-69, 2002]. We also show the connections between this colouring and radio labelings.

[INFO.INFO-DM] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]MSC 05C78 05C12 05C15[ INFO.INFO-DM ] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]distance labeling[INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]radio numberradio antipodal colouring
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Equivalence classes of permutations modulo excedances

2014

International audience

[MATH.MATH-CO] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]Discrete mathematicsCombinatoricsFibonacci numberModulo[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO][ MATH.MATH-CO ] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]Equivalence classComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematics
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Gray code for compositions of n with parts 1 and p

2009

International audience

[MATH.MATH-CO] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]permutation avoiding pattern[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]Fibonacci numbercomposition of an integerGray codeComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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