Search results for "Number"

showing 10 items of 3939 documents

Testing mode-coupling theory for a supercooled binary Lennard-Jones mixture

1995

Abstract We have performed a molecular dynamics computer simulation study to investigate the dynamical behavior of a supercooled simple liquid for comparison with the predictions of mode-coupling theory (MCT). By scaling the intermediate scattering function by the α-relaxation time r we find that the correlators fall onto a master curve extending over several decades in time. Thus we find that the time temperature superposition principle holds. In the late β-relaxation regime this master curve can be fitted very well by a master curve predicted by the idealized version MCT. However, there is no evidence for the presence of the critical decay predicted by the theory for the early part of the…

Applied MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyBinary numberTransportationStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMolecular dynamicsFactorizationTime–temperature superpositionMode couplingExponentStatistical physicsCritical exponentScalingMathematical PhysicsMathematicsTransport Theory and Statistical Physics
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Norm estimates for operators from Hp to ℓq

2008

Abstract We give upper and lower estimates of the norm of a bounded linear operator from the Hardy space H p to l q in terms of the norm of the rows and the columns of its associated matrix in certain vector-valued sequence spaces.

Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisMatrix normSchatten class operatorHardy spaceBounded operatorCombinatoricssymbols.namesakesymbolsSchatten normCondition numberOperator normAnalysisDual normMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Existence and Singularities for the Prandtl Boundary Layer Equations

2000

Prandtl's boundary layer equations, first formulated in 1904, resolve the differences between the viscous and inviscid description of fluid flows. This paper presents a review of mathematical results, both analytic and computational, on the unsteady boundary layer equations. This includes a review of the derivation and basic properties of the equations, singularity formation, well-posedness results, and infinite Reynolds number limits.

Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisPrandtl numberComputational MechanicsReynolds numberBoundary layer thicknessPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeBoundary layerInviscid flowBlasius boundary layersymbolsTurbulent Prandtl numberReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsMathematicsZAMM
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Figures of equilibrium in close binary systems

1992

The equilibrium configurations of close binary systems are analyzed. The autogravitational, centrifugal and tidal potentials are expanded in Clairaut's coordinates. From the set of the total potential angular terms an integral equations system is derived. The reduction of them to ordinary differential equations and the determination of the boundary conditions allow a formulation of the problem in terms of a single variable.

Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisfigure of celestial bodiesspherical harmonicsBinary numberSpherical harmonicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsIntegral equationCelestial mechanicsComputational MathematicsClassical mechanicsSpace and Planetary ScienceModeling and SimulationOrdinary differential equationPoisson equationsclose binary starsBoundary value problemPoisson's equationReduction (mathematics)Mathematical PhysicsMathematicsCelestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
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A Hardware and Secure Pseudorandom Generator for Constrained Devices

2018

Hardware security for an Internet of Things or cyber physical system drives the need for ubiquitous cryptography to different sensing infrastructures in these fields. In particular, generating strong cryptographic keys on such resource-constrained device depends on a lightweight and cryptographically secure random number generator. In this research work, we have introduced a new hardware chaos-based pseudorandom number generator, which is mainly based on the deletion of an Hamilton cycle within the $N$ -cube (or on the vectorial negation), plus one single permutation. We have rigorously proven the chaotic behavior and cryptographically secure property of the whole proposal: the mid-term eff…

Applied cryptography; Chaotic circuits; Constrained devices; Discrete dynamical systems; FPGA; Lightweight Cryptography; Random number generators; Statistical tests; Control and Systems Engineering; Information Systems; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHardware security moduleComputer scienceRandom number generationCryptography[INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE]02 engineering and technologyPseudorandom generatorConstrained devicesLightweight CryptographyChaotic circuits[INFO.INFO-IU]Computer Science [cs]/Ubiquitous Computing[INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR]PermutationRandom number generatorsStatistical tests0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringField-programmable gate arrayThroughput (business)FPGAPseudorandom number generatorGenerator (category theory)business.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition020206 networking & telecommunicationsDiscrete dynamical systems[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and SimulationComputer Science ApplicationsApplied cryptography[INFO.INFO-MA]Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA]Control and Systems EngineeringKey (cryptography)[INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET][INFO.INFO-DC]Computer Science [cs]/Distributed Parallel and Cluster Computing [cs.DC]businessComputer hardwareInformation SystemsIEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
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H and 19F NMR Investigation on Mixed Hydrocarbon−Fluorocarbon Micelles

2003

1H and 1 9 F NMR measurements on aqueous solutions of sodium perfluorooctanoate (SPFO) and sodium dodecanoate (SD) mixtures are reported. The surfactant concentration ranged from ∼0.3 to 10 times the critical micelle concentration (cmc ≅ 0.03 mol L - 1 ). The cmc of the SD/SPFO/water mixed system obtained from NMR data was in good agreement with that previously obtained by conductivity measurements. Below the cmc, the experimental chemical shift (δ) was independent of the total concentration for both surfactants. Above the cmc, however, the 6 values for 1 9 F varied linearly with concentration, whereas the values for the hydrogenated surfactant deviated from linearity. These observations in…

Aqueous solutionAggregation numberThermodynamics of micellizationAnalytical chemistryFluorine-19 NMRMicelleSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryPulmonary surfactantCritical micelle concentrationMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Prospects of Ion Chemical Reactions with Heavy Elements in the Gas Phase

2001

Heavy element chemistry is related to the fundamental interest that lies in exploring the upper limits of the periodic table. Chemical properties of the heaviest elements have already been studied at single atoms in aqueous solutions and in the gas phase up to an atomic number Z = 107. These techniques allow to study nuclides with half lives as short as about 1 s. Next generation chemistry experiments could be envisaged with an ion trap technique already developed for stable isotopes. At very low production rates in the order of 1 per 100 s and/or half lives as short as about 10 ms, the ion-molecule reactions can be studied in a buffer gas cell, in which the heavy elements are stopped and t…

Aqueous solutionChemistryStable isotope ratioBuffer gasNuclideAtomic numberIon trapAtomic physicsChemical reactionIon
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Composite Thin Film by Hydrogen-Bonding Assembly of Polymer Brush and Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)

2005

Based on hydrogen-bonding layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly in aqueous solution, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON) and a spherical polymer brush with a poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PSQ) core and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hair chains were used to fabricate composite multilayer thin films. Hydrogen bonding as the driving force was confirmed by FT-IR spectrometry. A simple method (Filmetric F20) was introduced to determine the thickness and refractive index of the films. The film thickness was found to be a linear function of the number of bilayers. The average increase in thickness per bilayer is 28.3 nm. The film morphology was characterized with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microsco…

Aqueous solutionScanning electron microscopeBilayerComposite numberAnalytical chemistrySurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsPolymer brushchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceThin filmRefractive indexSpectroscopyAcrylic acidLangmuir
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Halloysite Nanotubes Loaded with Calcium Hydroxide: Alkaline Fillers for the Deacidification of Waterlogged Archeological Woods

2018

A novel green protocol for the deacidifying consolidation of waterlogged archaeological woods through aqueous dispersions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1500 and halloysite nanotubes containing calcium hydroxide has been designed. First, we prepared functionalized halloysite nanotubes filled with Ca(OH)2 in their lumen. The controlled and sustained release of Ca(OH)2 from the halloysite lumen extended its neutralization action over time, allowing the development of a long-term deacidification of the wood samples. A preliminary thermomechanical characterization of clay/polymer nanocomposites allows us to determine the experimental conditions to maximize the consolidation efficiency of the wood…

Archaeological woodTubular nanostructures KaoliniteMaterials sciencePolymer nanocompositelong-term protectionComposite numberHalloysite nanotubeAlkalinityWood productLong-term preservationMechanical performancedeacidificationLime02 engineering and technologyPolyethylene glycolengineering.material010402 general chemistrycomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesHalloysitechemistry.chemical_compoundPEG ratioLigninGeneral Materials SciencehalloysiteFillerYarn Aqueous dispersionwaterlogged archaeological woodschemistry.chemical_classificationCalcium hydroxideNanocompositeHydrated limetechnology industry and agriculturePolymerThermo-mechanical characterization021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyArchaeologyPEG0104 chemical sciencesNanotubechemistryengineeringExperimental condition0210 nano-technology
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Exploring automatic grouping procedures in ceramic petrology

2004

Although a small number of studies have attempted to introduce automatic grouping procedures into thin section petrography of archaeological ceramics, the majority of studies continue to be carried out by non-automatic means. Although such an approach with the single observer grouping samples has a number of advantages, it is problematic when dealing with large numbers of samples. This paper aims to explore different coding systems and statistical analyses for grouping ceramic thin sections. In the example discussed a number of variables are defined, codified and analysed by correspondence analysis, classical multidimensional scaling, non-metric isotonic multidimensional scaling and Sammon …

ArcheologyComputer scienceSmall numberMineralogycomputer.software_genreCorrespondence analysisArchaeological ceramicsSammon mappingMultiple correspondence analysisvisual_artPrincipal component analysisvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicMultidimensional scalingData miningcomputerJournal of Archaeological Science
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