Search results for "OAD"

showing 10 items of 3121 documents

High food quality increases infection of Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda) by the acanthocephalan parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis.

2019

13 pages; International audience; Parasitism is an important process in ecosystems, but has been largely neglected in ecosystem research. However, parasites are involved in most trophic links in food webs with, in turn, a major role in community structure and ecosystem processes. Several studies have shown that higher nutrient availability in ecosystems tends to increase the prevalence of parasites. Yet, most of these studies focused on resource availability, whereas studies investigating resource quality remain scarce. In this study, we tested the impact of the quality of host food resources on infection by parasites, as well as on the consequences for the host. Three resources were used t…

0301 basic medicineMaleAmphipodaTime FactorsSurvivalgrowth030231 tropical medicineVideo RecordingParasitismZoologyKaplan-Meier Estimatefood qualityParasite LoadAcanthocephalaFood SupplyHost-Parasite Interactions03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRiversEcological stoichiometryAnimalsEcosystemAmphipoda[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyEcosystemTrophic level2. Zero hungerBehaviorExperimental infestationecological stoichiometrybiologyPlant litterbiology.organism_classificationParasiteGammarus pulex030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesRegression AnalysisParasitologyPomphorhynchus laevisFemale[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyLocomotion[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Somatic copy number alterations are associated with EGFR amplification and shortened survival in patients with primary glioblastoma.

2019

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system. With no effective therapy, the prognosis for patients is terrible poor. It is highly heterogeneous and EGFR amplification is its most frequent molecular alteration. In this light, we aimed to examine the genetic heterogeneity of GBM and to correlate it with the clinical characteristics of the patients. For that purpose, we analyzed the status of EGFR and the somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) of a set of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Thus, we found GBMs with high level of EGFR amplification, low level and with no EGFR amplification. Highly amplified tumors showed histological features of…

0301 basic medicineMaleCancer ResearchBiopsyL-amp GB EGFR-low amplified glioblastomamedicine.disease_causewt wildtypeMYBPC3 myosin-binding protein C0302 clinical medicineHIC1 hypermethylated in cancer 1Gene duplicationIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceIDH2 isocitrate dehydrogenase 2MutationRB-pat RB signaling pathwayEGFRvIII epidermal growth factor receptor variant number IIIPAH phenylalanine hydroxylaseGBM glioblastoma IDH-wildtype (glioblastoma multiforme primary glioblastoma).ANOVA ANalysis Of VArianceN-amp GB EGFR-no amplified glioblastomaMiddle AgedCDKN2A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2Alcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensPrognosisPrimary tumorImmunohistochemistryH-amp GB EGFR-high amplified glioblastomaErbB ReceptorsTKR-pat tyrosine-kinase receptors signaling pathway030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDisease ProgressionCDK6 cyclin-dependent kinase 6CDH1 Cadherin 1FemaleCREM cAMP response element modulatorIHC immunohistochemistryAdultOriginal articleDNA Copy Number VariationsCDKN1B cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1BBiologyRARB retinoic acid receptor betaCNS central nervous systemlcsh:RC254-282IDH1 isocitrate dehydrogenase 1BCL2 B-cell cll/ lymphoma 2CNAs copy number algerationsWHO World Health Organization03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adultp53-pat p53 signaling pathwaymedicineBiomarkers TumorTMA tissue microarrayPTENHumansProtein kinase BPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwaySurvival analysisAgedGenetic heterogeneityGene AmplificationGFAP glial fibrillary acidic proteinMLPA multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplificationmedicine.diseaseFISH fluorescence in situ hibridizationSurvival AnalysisCDKN2B cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2BPTEN phosphatase and tensin homologEGFR epidermal growth factor receptorCNV-load load of copy number variations030104 developmental biologyMutationPARK2 parkinCancer researchbiology.proteinTCGA The Cancer Genome AtlasLARGE1 acetylglucosaminyltransferase-like protein 1GlioblastomaCHD7 Chromodomain Helicase DNA Binding Protein 7DAPI 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindoleNeoplasia (New York, N.Y.)
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Significance of chronic toxoplasmosis in epidemiology of road traffic accidents in Russian Federation

2017

Studies carried out in Moscow residents have revealed that the prevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis is very close to those in countries of Eastern and Central Europe. Our findings also demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between the rate of traffic accidents and the seroprevalence of chronic toxoplasmosis in drivers who were held responsible for accidents. The latter was 2.37 times higher in drivers who were involved in road accidents compared with control groups. These results suggest that the consequences of chronic toxoplasmosis (particularly a slower reaction time and decreased concentration) might contribute to the peculiarities of the epidemiology of road traffic acci…

0301 basic medicineMaleCritical Care and Emergency Medicinelcsh:MedicineAntibodies ProtozoanRussiaGeographical LocationsEnvironmental protectionEpidemiologyMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalencePublic and Occupational Healthlcsh:ScienceRoad trafficTrauma MedicineGeographic AreasMultidisciplinaryGeographyTraumatic Injury Risk FactorsAccidents Traffic030108 mycology & parasitologyEuropeGeographyRoad Traffic CollisionsFemaleSafetyTraumatic InjuryToxoplasmosisResearch ArticleUrban Areasmedicine.medical_specialtyAsiaCognitive Neuroscience03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental healthmedicineParasitic DiseasesReaction TimeSeroprevalenceHumansBehaviorProtozoan InfectionsRoad traffic safetylcsh:RTraffic SafetyBiology and Life Sciencesmedicine.diseaseToxoplasmosis030104 developmental biologyImmunoglobulin MCase-Control StudiesImmunoglobulin GPeople and PlacesChronic DiseaseEarth SciencesCognitive Sciencelcsh:QRussian federationhuman activitiesNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Positioning of darunavir/cobicistat-containing antiretroviral regimens in real life: results from a large multicentre observational prospective cohor…

2019

Abstract Background Study aim was to evaluate the safety and durability of darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c) in a real life setting. Methods Multicentre prospective cohort study performed in the context of SCOLTA (Surveillance Cohort Long-Term Toxicity Antiretrovirals). Patients were evaluated at baseline, week 24 and 48. Changes were evaluated using the paired t test or signed rank test. The multivariable analysis was performed using a general linear model, after ranking of not normally distributed variables. Results A total of 249 patients were included, 72 (29%) were in DRV/c-based dual therapies (DT). Hypercholesterolemia, HC, (total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 200 mg/dL or low density-C (LDL-C) ≥ 13…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV Infections0302 clinical medicineDualMedicineHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyDarunavirCobicistatMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityTolerabilityAnti-Retroviral AgentsCohortMolecular MedicineDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleDarunavir/cobicistatHumanmedicine.drugAdverse eventAdultlcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergymedicine.medical_specialty030106 microbiologyContext (language use)Durability03 medical and health sciencesDarunavir/cobicistat Dual Durability Tolerability CISAI Adverse eventsVirologyInternal medicineHumansDarunavirbusiness.industryResearchHypertriglyceridemiamedicine.diseaseCISAIDiscontinuationProspective StudieAdverse eventsHIV-1Anti-Retroviral AgentCobicistatbusinesslcsh:RC581-607
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Efficacy and tolerability of switching to a dual therapy with darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir in HIV-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤50 cp/…

2017

Background: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) toxicity may represent a threat for long-term success of combined antiretroviral therapy. Some studies have suggested a possible improvement of NRTI-related toxicity after switching to NRTI-sparing regimens. Objectives: We aimed to explore the efficacy and tolerability of switching to darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) plus raltegravir (RAL) while having a viral load (VL) ≤50 copies/mL in the clinical setting. Study design: Treatment-experienced HIV 1-infected patients enrolled in the ICONA Foundation Study cohort were included if they switched their current regimen to DRV/r + RAL with a HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL. Different defin…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV InfectionsAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Darunavir; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; RNA Viral; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; Viral LoadGastroenterologyCohort StudiesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability0302 clinical medicineMedicineNRTI-sparing regimen030212 general & internal medicineViralDarunavireducation.field_of_studyLamivudineGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityAntiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityItalyCombinationRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleViral loadmedicine.drugAdultMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyEfficacyAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyPopulationDarunavir/ritonavir; Raltegravir; Efficacy; Tolerability; Antiretroviral therapy; NRTI-sparing regimenSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVELower riskNO03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRaltegravir PotassiumHumanseducationDarunavirRitonavirbusiness.industryDarunavir/ritonavirRaltegravirRaltegravirHIV-1RNARitonavirbusinessAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability;
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Early Post-Transplant Torquetenovirus Viremia Predicts Cytomegalovirus Reactivations In Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

2018

AbstractMonitoring the human virome has been recently suggested as a promising and novel area of research for identifying new biomarkers which would help physicians in the management of transplant patients. Imbalance of the immune system in transplant recipients has a significant impact on replication of Torquetenovirus (TTV), the most representative and abundant virus of human virome. TTV kinetic was studied by real-time PCR in 280 liver or kidney transplant recipients who underwent different drug regimens to maintain immunosuppression. During one-year post-transplant follow-up, TTV viremia fluctuated irrespective of transplanted organ type but consistent with the immunosuppression regimen…

0301 basic medicineMaleTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:MedicineCytomegalovirusVIROMEPostoperative ComplicationsANELLOVIRUSESlcsh:ScienceKidney transplantationTT VIRUSLUNG TRANSPLANTATIONDNA VIRUSAged 80 and overMultidisciplinaryIMMUNOSUPPRESSIONCMVvirus diseasesImmunosuppressionMiddle AgedViral LoadPrognosissurgical procedures operativeNEXT-GENERATIONCytomegalovirus InfectionsFemaleTORQUE TENO VIRUS; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; TT VIRUS; LUNG TRANSPLANTATION; NEXT-GENERATION; DNA VIRUS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; ANELLOVIRUSES; VIROME; HEPATITISViral loadAdult030106 microbiologyCongenital cytomegalovirus infectionTTVViremiaArticle03 medical and health sciencesHEPATITISYoung AdultmedicineHumansHuman viromeViremiaAgedImmunosuppression TherapyTorque teno virusbusiness.industrylcsh:RTTV; CMV; Transplant patientsSTEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATIONmedicine.diseaseKidney TransplantationTransplant RecipientsTransplantationRegimen030104 developmental biologyImmunologyTransplant patientslcsh:QVirus ActivationbusinessScientific reports
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Evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance and viral subtypes circulation in Italy from 2006 to 2016

2018

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance (TDR) prevalence in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients from 2006 to 2016. Methods: HIV-1 sequences were retrieved from the Antiviral Response Cohort Analysis (ARCA) database and TDR was defined as detection of at least one mutation from the World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance list. Results: We included protease/reverse transcriptase sequences from 3573 patients; 455 had also integrase sequences. Overall, 68.1% of the patients were Italian, the median CD4 count was 348 cells/μL [interquartile range (IQR) 169–521 cells/μL], and the median viral load was 4.7 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL (IQR …

0301 basic medicineMaleantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Viral Proteins; Drug Resistance Viralantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Health Policy; Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology (medical)Drug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistanceGastroenterologyInterquartile rangeOdds RatioPrevalenceHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)ViralbiologyHealth PolicyMiddle AgedIntegraseInfectious DiseasesItalyFemaleViral loadHumanresistance epidemiologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytransmitted HIV drug resistanceAnti-HIV AgentsHIV; antiretroviral therapy; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance030106 microbiologyantiretroviral therapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEVirus03 medical and health sciencesrecent HIV infectionViral ProteinsInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralmedicineViral ProteinHumansbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIVOdds ratioReverse transcriptaseConfidence intervalCD4 Lymphocyte CountMutationbiology.proteinHIV-1business
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Structural Heteropolysaccharide Adhesion to the Glycocalyx of Visceral Mesothelium

2018

Bioadhesives are biopolymers with potential applications in wound healing, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Pectin, a plant-based heteropolysaccharide, has recently demonstrated potential as a mucoadhesive in the gut. Since mucoadhesion is a process likely involving the interpenetration of the pectin polymer with mucin chains, we hypothesized that pectin may also be effective at targeting the glycocalyx of the visceral mesothelium. To explore the potential role of pectin as a mesothelial bioadhesive, we studied the interaction of various pectin formulations with the mesothelium of the lung, liver, bowel, and heart. Tensile strength, peel strength, and shear resistance of the bioadhesi…

0301 basic medicineMalefood.ingredientanimal structuresPectinBioadhesiveBiomedical EngineeringBioengineering02 engineering and technologymacromolecular substancesGlycocalyxcomplex mixturesBiochemistryEpitheliumBiomaterialsGlycocalyx03 medical and health sciencesMicefoodMicroscopy Electron TransmissionUltimate tensile strengthMucoadhesionmedicineAnimalsLungChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesHeartAdhesionOriginal Articles021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMesotheliumMice Inbred C57BL030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistryLiverMicroscopy FluorescenceDrug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningPectinsProteoglycans0210 nano-technology
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Mismatch or allostatic load? Timing of life adversity differentially shapes gray matter volume and anxious temperament

2015

Traditionally, adversity was defined as the accumulation of environmental events (allostatic load). Recently however, a mismatch between the early and the later (adult) environment (mismatch) has been hypothesized to be critical for disease development, a hypothesis that has not yet been tested explicitly in humans. We explored the impact of timing of life adversity (childhood and past year) on anxiety and depression levels (N = 833) and brain morphology (N = 129). Both remote (childhood) and proximal (recent) adversities were differentially mirrored in morphometric changes in areas critically involved in emotional processing (i.e. amygdala/hippocampus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, res…

0301 basic medicineMalestressful life eventschildhood maltreatmentEmotionsAnxietySocial EnvironmentDevelopmental psychology0302 clinical medicineGray MatterVBMChildadversitymedia_commonDepressionAdult Survivors of Child AbuseAllostasisBrainGeneral MedicineOrgan SizeMagnetic Resonance ImagingAllostatic loadmedicine.anatomical_structureAllostasisAnxietyFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologymismatchallostatic loadAdultCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyAffect (psychology)AmygdalaLife Change Events03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultmedicineHumansddc:610TemperamentAnterior cingulate cortexBrain morphometryOriginal ArticlesImage Enhancement030104 developmental biologyTemperament030217 neurology & neurosurgerySocial Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
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Mucoadhesive solid lipid microparticles for controlled release of a corticosteroid in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment.

2017

Therapeutic efficacy of inhaled drugs is limited by rapid clearance from the site of action due to absorption into systemic circulation or metabolic degradation by alveolar macrophages. Drug delivery systems offer new solutions to clinical problems especially in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. In particular, Solid Lipid Microparticles (SLM) in the range of 3-5 µm are suggested as systems for delivery of therapeutics to the lung as, because of their size, they are able to deposit into secondary bronchi, avoiding systemic absorption typical of alveolar regions. Here, we describe two novel different SLMs prepared with chitosan and alginate for sustained release of fluticasone propionate (…

0301 basic medicineMedicine (miscellaneous)Biocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologyPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeChitosanPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructivechemistry.chemical_compoundDrug StabilityGlucuronic AcidAdrenal Cortex HormonesMucoadhesive Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLMs);Aerodynamic diameter;Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)General Materials Sciencechronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)LungChromatography High Pressure LiquidDrug CarriersHexuronic Acidsaerodynamic diameter; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); mucoadhesive solid lipid microparticles (SLMs)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLipidsControlled releasemucoadhesive solid lipid microparticles (SLMs)Microspheresmedicine.anatomical_structureDrug deliveryCorticosteroid0210 nano-technologymedicine.drugBiocompatibilityAlginatesCell SurvivalSurface Propertiesmedicine.drug_classBiomedical EngineeringBioengineeringDevelopmentFluticasone propionate03 medical and health sciencesAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansParticle Sizeaerodynamic diameterChitosanLungbusiness.industryEpithelial CellsDrug LiberationOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologychemistryDelayed-Action PreparationsImmunologyMicroscopy Electron ScanningFluticasonebusinessOxidative stress
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