Search results for "OBESITY"

The importance of extranodal extension in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, in the light of the new AJCC cancer staging system

2017

The burden of hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Screening issue and future perspectives

2019

In recent decades, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease in the Western world, and the occurrence of its complications, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has rapidly increased. Obesity and diabetes are considered not only the main triggers for the development of the disease, but also two independent risk factors for HCC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (such as PNPLA3, TM6SF2 and MBOAT7) are related to the susceptibility to the development of HCC and its progression. Therefore, an appropriate follow-up of these patients is needed for the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC. To date, international guidelines recommend the use of ultrasonogr…

Impact of body weight, low energy diet and gastric bypass on drug bioavailability, cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic biomarkers: protocol for…

2018

IntroductionRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) is associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors and bioavailability of drugs, but whether these changes are induced by calorie restriction, the weight loss or surgery per se, remains uncertain. The COCKTAIL study was designed to disentangle the short-term (6 weeks) metabolic and pharmacokinetic effects of GBP and a very low energy diet (VLED) by inducing a similar weight loss in the two groups.Methods and analysisThis open, non-randomised, three-armed, single-centre study is performed at a tertiary care centre in Norway. It aims to compare the short-term (6 weeks) and long-term (2 years) effects of GBP and VLED on, first, bioavailability…

Editorial comment from Dr Simonato and Dr Romagnoli to impact of obesity on the predictive accuracy of prostate-specific antigen density and prostate…

2014

Metabolic disorders across hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy

2018

Background: Metabolic disorders are well-known risk factors for HCC. Conversely, their impact on the natural history of HCC is not established. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of metabolic disorders on clinical features, treatment and survival of HCC patients regardless of its aetiology. Methods: We analysed the ITA.LI.CA database regarding 839 HCC patients prospectively collected. The following metabolic features were analysed: BMI, diabetes, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. According to these features, patients were divided into 3 groups: 0-1, 2 and 3-5 metabolic features. Results: As compared with patients with 0-1 metabolic features, pati…

Relations of Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity to Digital Vascular Function in Three Community‐Based Cohorts: A Meta‐Analysis

2017

Background Microvascular dysfunction is a marker of early vascular disease that predicts cardiovascular events. Whether metabolically healthy obese individuals have impaired microvascular function remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation of obesity phenotypes stratified by metabolic status to microvascular function. Methods and Results We meta‐analyzed aggregate data from 3 large cohorts (Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health, the Framingham Heart Study, and the Gutenberg Heart Study; n=16 830 participants, age range 19–90, 51.3% men). Regression slopes between cardiovascular risk factors and microvascular function, measured by peripheral arterial tonometr…

Clinical Applications, Pitfalls, and Uncertainties of Thrombin Generation in the Presence of Platelets

2019

Platelet-dependent thrombin generation is a helpful tool to assess ex vivo the interaction between platelets and plasma coagulation factors in the initiation, amplification, and inhibition of thrombin generation (TG). This review article discusses the most relevant available data on the clinical applications of fluorogenic TG, the most widely used TG assay, performed in the presence of platelets, i.e., in platelet-rich plasma. With respect to prothrombotic states, arterial hypertension and obesity were the most prominent cardiovascular conditions linked to increased platelet-dependent TG. In addition, platelet-associated hypercoagulability, assessed by the TG assay, has been shown in indivi…

Influence of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review.

2014

Abstract Background/objectives Cachexia affects ∼80% of pancreatic cancer patients. An international consensus defines cachexia as an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) with or without loss of fat, which impairs body functioning and cannot be reversed by conventional nutritional measures. Weight loss percentage and elevated inflammation markers have been employed to define this condition earlier. This review aimed to assess the prevalence and consequences of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods The systematic review was performed by searching the articles with preset terms published in PubMed and Cochrane Database unti…

The role of obesity in cancer development

2019

Genetic Variability in Selected ZnT8 SNPs in the Opolskie Voivodeship (Poland) - Relationship with Type 2 Diabetes and its Complications and Accompan…

2023

Introduction: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is of multigeneous origin, and its course may be modified by autoimmune mechanisms. It can be assumed that the clinically different course of diabetes depends, among others, on the genetically determined efficiency of the mechanisms of zinc homeostasis maintenance. The study of the relationship of mutations in the gene encoding ZnT8 with the tendency to the occurrence of diabetes and its course may result in new therapeutic possibilities in the future. It is also interesting because in leukocytes only ZnT8 shows significant individual variability in expression under physiological and pathological conditions, which indicates its genetic determinan…