Search results for "OBESITY"

NOT ALL FATS ARE UNHEALTHY

2018

You don't need to remove all fats from your diet because some of them actually help to promote good health. Fats are needed to build cell membranes, nerve covers, healthy hair and skin, and to absorb some vitamins and other nutrients. They also prevent muscle breakage during fasting or food shortage. However, it’s clever to choose the healthier types of fats and enjoy them in moderation instead of picking truly bad fats, which should be avoided. Good fats comprise monounsaturated found in olive oil, avocados, and most nuts, and polyunsaturated, contained in vegetable oils and fatty fish. Trans fat, found in margarine, shortenings, snacks, and industrial baked products are the worst fats for…

Ketogenic diet, physical activity, and hypertension—a narrative review

2021

Several studies link cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with unhealthy lifestyles (unhealthy dietary habits, alcohol consumption, smoking, and low levels of physical activity). Therefore, the strong need for CVD prevention may be pursued through an improved control of CVD risk factors (impaired lipid and glycemic profiles, high blood pressure, and obesity), which is achievable through an overall intervention aimed to favor a healthy lifestyle. Focusing on diet, different recommendations emphasize the need to increase or avoid consumption of entire classes of food, with only partly known and only partly foreseeable consequences on the overall level of health. In recent years, the ketogenic diet (…

Exercise in obesity management

2011

Obesity is considered a global epidemic by the World Health Organization in both developed and developing countries. It is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer and other clinical conditions. Visceral fat is the major responsible for metabolic complications, such as insulin-resistance, and it acts as an endocrine organ producing adipokines involved in lipidic and glycaemic metabolism. TNF-α and IL-6, produced by adipose tissue, increase NADPH oxidase activity activating protein kinase C and NFκB leading to an higher oxidative stress. The obesity management includes physical activity: aerobic training improves lipid profile and insulin sensitivity…

Adipose tissue in sleep apnea: effects of hypoxia and inflammation

2014

The mediterranean diet: A history of health

2013

The Mediterranean tradition offers a cousine rich in colors, aromas and memories, which support the taste and the spirit of those who live in harmony with nature. Everyone is talking about the Mediterranean diet, but few are those who do it properly, thus generating a lot of confusion in the reader. And so for some it coincides with the pizza, others identified it with the noodles with meat sauce, in a mixture of pseudo historical traditions and folklore that do not help to solve the question that is at the basis of any diet: combine and balance the food so as to satisfy the qualitative and quantitative needs of an individual and in a sense, preserves his health through the use of substance…

Impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on cardiovascular risk in a general population

2020

Background and aim: Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide leading also to a higher risk of cardiovascular events. We aimed to evaluate the impact of fatty liver and fibrosis on cardiovascular risk factors in a general population. Materials and methods: 604 subjects included in the communitybased ABCD (Alimentazione, Benessere Cardiovascolare e Diabete) study were recruited. Steatosis (CAP >288 dB/m) and fibrosis (>8.7 KPa by M and >7.2 KPa by XL probe) were assessed with FibroScan. Cardiovascular risk was evaluated by the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk estimator and defined low if <5%, borderline if 5%-7.4%, intermediate…

Central obesity and hypertension: Pathophysiologic role of renal haemodynamics and function

1995

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of alterations in renal haemodynamics and function and in plasma renin activity on obesity-induced hypertension. DESIGN: Renal haemodynamics and function, salt-regulating hormones and structural cardiac parameters were evaluated in 20 lean normotensives and in 64 obese subjects with central or peripheral fat distribution, 43 of them were normotensives and 21 of them were hypertensives. Obesity and central fat distribution were defined according to sex-specific 85th percentile respectively of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR). MEASUREMENTS: Serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone (PA), microalbumi…

[OP.5C.05] SERUM URIC ACID IS INCREASED IN NORMOTENSIVE OBESE CHILDREN WITH A PARENTAL HYSTORY OF HYPERTENSION

2017

Objective: Increased uric acid levels are closely associated with new-onset hypertension in children, and pilot studies showed that pharmacological lowering of uric acid may reduce blood pressure (BP) in obese pediatric patients. Nevertheless, controversy remains concerning a direct causative role of serum uric acid (SUA) in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH). Our study was aimed to determine if normotensive obese children and adolescent offspring of adults with EH show SUA levels different than those of pediatric subjects in whom there is non family history of EH. Design and method: Fifty-nine obese normotensive children and adolescents, attending for metabolic assessment the …

Correlazione tra status nutrizionale e malocclusione in un gruppo di bambini tra i 3 e i 12 anni d'età

2012

Obesity and malocclusion are two very common disease worldwide affecting both adults and children, posing a threat to the physical and mental health. Our observational study assesses the impact of being obese and overweight in the development of malocclusion among childhood subjects (3-12 year old).

Short and middle term effects of hypocaloric low carbohydrate diet vs hypocaloric Mediterranean diet on endothelial function in obese subjects

2008

Adequate nutritional treatment is required to address the problem of increasing prevalence of obesity in Western countries. The Mediterranean diet style is now acknowledged to have large scientific evidences in terms of cardiovascular prevention. However, many popular diets are diffusing also as self-prescribed treatments. Among those, the efficacy of low-carbohydrate diets (also known as Atkins’ diet in its most popular variety) has been addressed by some investigations. It is generally concluded that the low-carbohydrate diet is able to induce a greater weight loss, at least in the middle term, and a better serum lipid profile than the conventional diet. In this longitudinal, randomised, …