Search results for "OCAI"
showing 10 items of 237 documents
Synthesis and pharmacology of 6-substituted benztropines: discovery of novel dopamine uptake inhibitors possessing low binding affinity to the dopami…
2005
A series of 6alpha- and 6beta-substituted benztropines were synthesized. A marked enantioselectivity was observed for the 6beta-methoxylated benztropines, the (1R)-isomers being more potent than the corresponding (1S) compounds. The racemic 6alpha-methoxy-3-(4',4' '-difluorodiphenylmethoxy)tropane (5 g) was the most potent compound. It has been found that modifications at the 6-position of benztropine might reduce the DAT binding affinity, maintaining otherwise a significant dopamine uptake inhibitory activity. A reinvestigation of the absolute configuration of 6beta-methoxytropinone proved the 6R configuration for the (+)-enantiomer.
Stimulant-induced adaptations in neostriatal matrix and striosome systems: Transiting from instrumental responding to habitual behavior in drug addic…
2005
Abstract Converging evidence indicates that repeated exposure to motor stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine produces marked alterations in network responsiveness of striatal neurons to subsequent challenge with the same stimulant drug. Such alterations, which correlate with persistent patterns of repetitive behavior, associate with distinct compartmental changes in the neostriatum. Striatal matrix system neurons undergo “silencing” following repeated drug challenges, allowing striosome system neurons to exhibit preferential activation. Matrix neurons are innervated by sensory and motor areas of neocortex and are activated in the course of on-going, adaptive behavior. Inactivation of m…
D-TMS IN COCAINE ADDICTION: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS
2013
Drug addiction is a brain disease which leads to profound disturbances in an individual’s behaviour. In spite of the progress made in the understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying addiction, expectations from a therapeutic point of view have not been satisfying. Given the modest efficacy of therapeutic tools available, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) seems to be a promising “non-pharmacologic” aid in various neuropathologies(1) including addiction(2) which is characterized by a decrease of dopaminergic activity (DA)(3-4). Thus, ‘restoring’ pre-pathology DA activity may yield clinical benefits in addicts(5). In particular, it has been reported(6) that TMS reduces the…
D-TMS IN COCAINE ADDICTION: preliminary findings
2015
Cocaine-related disorders are currently among the most devastating mental disease as they leads to profound disturbances in an individual’s behaviour resulting in tremendous economic, social, and moral costs. Imaging studies in human have shown a reduction of dopamine (DA) receptors accompanied by a lesser release of endogenous DA in the ventral striatum (AVT) of cocaine subjects thereby resulting in a ‘dopamine-impoverished’ brain[1-2]. This perturbations lead to neuroadpatations in several other circuits which are related to motivation, inhibitory control, and memory which finally determ compulsive-impulsive self drug administration[3]. The lasting reduction in physiological activity of t…
Comparing illicit drug use in 19 European cities through sewage analysis
2012
Abstract: The analysis of sewage for urinary biomarkers of illicit drugs is a promising and complementary approach for estimating the use of these substances in the general population. For the first time, this approach was simultaneously applied in 19 European cities, making it possible to directly compare illicit drug loads in Europe over a 1-week period. An inter-laboratory comparison study was performed to evaluate the analytical performance of the participating laboratories. Raw 24-hour composite sewage samples were collected from 19 European cities during a single week in March 2011 and analyzed for the urinary biomarkers of cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy, methamphetamine and cannabis u…
Masculinité transnationale et corps-mâle dans les romans d’Abdellah Taïa
2016
I romanzi dello scrittore marocchino d'espressione francese Abdellah Taïa esaminano con attenzione la maschilità nel contesto migratorio. Omosessuale ed esiliato, Taïa cerca di costruire la sua identità sessuale secondo il modello occidentale; così facendo, contribuisce alla creazione di una maschilità islamica transnazionale che si decentra, pur restando ancorata all'eredità culturale delle sue terre d'origine. L'articolo si propone di interrogare le modalità di tale costruzione identitaria a partire dagli studi di Connell sulla maschilità egemonica e dalla psicoanalisi lacaniana applicata alla dimensione immaginaria del corpo. The novels of the French Moroccan writer Abdellah Taïa examine…
Influence of social stress on the rewarding effects of cocaine
2016
Les relacions socials són un procés crucial en el desenvolupament de l’ésser humà, i en altres espècies socials que viuen en jerarquies socials complexes. L’entorn i l’ambient en el qual es desenvolupa un individu és fonamental, ja que tindrà un gran impacte sobre el seu benestar, el manteniment de la salut i la seua supervivència (Kessler i cols., 2010). La resposta a l'estrés és un factor clau en el manteniment de l'homeòstasi i la salut de l'individu. Aquesta dependrà de la interacció amb l’entorn i l’activitat de certs sistemes regulatoris de l’organisme, com són el sistema nerviós simpàtic i l’eix hipotàlem-hipofisari-adrenal (HPA) (Stratakis i Chrousos, 1995). Diferents tipus d'estrés…
Inflammation as a pathway between social stress and enhanced sensitivity to cocaine
2019
La respuesta al estrés es una estrategia adaptativa que nos ayuda a movilizar recursos para enfrentarnos a situaciones que ponen en riesgo nuestra supervivencia (Ulrich-Lai y Herman, 2009). Sin embargo, en nuestra sociedad el estrés constante se ha convertido en un problema relevante. Vivimos en un entorno social complejo que nos obliga a enfrentamos persistentemente a estresores “cotidianos” (Pearlin y Skaff, 1995) como por ejemplo los problemas de conciliación entre la vida laboral y familiar, discusiones de pareja y problemas económicos (Almeida, 2005), que puede llegar a afectar a nuestro bienestar incluso más que eventos más intensos pero menos frecuentes (Serido y cols., 2004). Esta e…
Pašpārvaldes komandas un organizācijas kultūras savstarpējā ietekme globālā informāciju tehnoloģiju ārpakalpojumu uzņēmumā.
2018
Maģistra darbā autors noskaidro un apraksta, kāda ir organizācijas kultūras un pašpārvaldes darba komandu savstarpējā ietekme globālā ārpakalpojumu informācijas tehnoloģiju uzņēmumā. Lai sasniegtu darba mērķi, ir izvirzīti šādi uzdevumi: teorētiski aprakstīt pašpārvaldes darba komandas, raksturot spējās pārvaldības metodes informāciju tehnoloģiju jomā, aprakstīt organizācijas kultūras pēc konkurējošo vērtību modeļa, veikt pētījumu, analizēt rezultātus, izstrādāt priekšlikumus. Maģistra darbs sastāv no divām teorētiskajām nodaļām – Pašpārvaldes darba komandas un Organizācijas kultūras paveidi pēc konkurējošo vērtību modeļa un pētījuma apraksta. Teorētiskajās nodaļās ir izpētītas teorētiskās …
MULTIKULTURĀLU KOMANDU DARBA EFEKTIVITĀTES PAAUGSTINĀŠANA “GROUPE DANONE EARLY LIFE NUTRITION” ZIEMEĻAUSTRUMU EIROPAS STRUKTŪRVIENĪBĀ
2016
Viena no mūsdienu darba vides iezīmēm ir uzdevumu veikšana multikulturālās komandās. Uzņēmumiem un vadītājiem aizvien vairāk uzmanības jāpievērš paņēmieniem, kas piemēroti multikulturālu komandu darba specifikai un nodrošina iespējami augstu to darba efektivitāti, tādēļ darba mērķis ir izpētīt multikulturālu komandu darba efektivitātes uzlabošanas iespējas starptautiskā organizācijā. Pētījuma rezultāti atklāj, ka uzņēmumā esošā multikulturāla komanda uzrāda vidējus efektivitātes rādītājus un viens no galvenajiem iemesliem ir komandas locekļu kultūras atšķirības, kā arī organizācijas un komandas locekļu pārstāvēto kultūru atšķirības. Darba apjoms ir 128 lpp. tajā skaitā 6 pielikumi, kas sast…