Search results for "OLFACTIVE"
showing 10 items of 13 documents
L’olfaction dans les troubles dépressifs : intérêts et perspectives
2017
International audience; Research on sensorial interactions with psychiatric diseases and particularly with the depressive syndrome has mainly focused on visual or auditory processes and much less on olfaction. The depressive illness is one of the most frequent psychiatric diagnoses in the community, with approximately one in five women and one in eight men experiencing a major depressive episode during their lifetime. Although genetic, epigenetic, neuroanatomical, neurochemical, neuroendocrinological and neuroimmunological changes can be detected during depression, the etiology of depression remains partly unclear. The current explanatory models are based on two main factors, i.e. pharmacol…
Olfactory attraction of the hornet Vespa velutina to honeybee colony odors and pheromones.
2014
19 pages; International audience; Since the beginning of the last century, the number of biological invasions has continuously increased worldwide. Due to their environmental and economical consequences, invasive species are now a major concern. Social wasps are particularly efficient invaders because of their distinctive biology and behavior. Among them, the yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, is a keen hunter of domestic honeybees. Its recent introduction to Europe may induce important beekeeping, pollination, and biodiversity problems. Hornets use olfactory cues for the long-range detection of food sources, in this case the location of honeybee colonies, but the exact nature of these c…
Le flair en images, ou comment est donnée à voir la communication olfactive
2016
How is the action of sniffing others, which has been depreciated by good manners and aesthetic standards, represented in pictures? In unveiling the theme of social sniffing, this essay aims to track variations around the odour of the body and olfactory communication in Western visual arts. This issue implies to examine the social roles of sui generis as well as artefactual human odours, and to assess figurative arts as a means to unveil historical trends in the forms and functions of the sense of smell in our culture. The corpus of figurative works consulted, far from exhaustive, stretches from medieval and classical allegories of smell to the visual language of perfume advertisements, thro…
impact of dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the physiology of the peripheral olfactory system in young mice
2021
Abstract : Olfaction plays a major role in the detection of volatile chemical signals present in the environment and triggers behaviors such as food intake, social interactions or danger avoidance. Recent studies suggested that nutritional and metabolic status of individuals may influence their olfactory capacities. Olfactory disorders have been observed in people with pathologies such as obesity and diabetes as well as in rodents exposed to obesogenic or diabetogenic diets. The physiological mechanisms underlying these dysfunctions are not known. One hypothesis is that a nutritional imbalance in lipids might alter the functioning of the peripheral olfactory system. In this context, the obj…
Des souris, des vaches, des odeurs et des hommes
2022
Les animaux, dotés d’organes sensoriels différents des nôtres, ne perçoivent pas le monde de la même façon que nous. Si notre sensorialité est à dominante audiovisuelle, l’olfaction prévaut autant que la vision et l’audition chez la plupart des autres mammifères. Afin de vivre au mieux avec les animaux qui nous entourent, que ce soit nos animaux de compagnie ou ceux d’élevage, il est nécessaire de comprendre les bases sensorielles de la relation homme-animal. Pour cela se pose la question de la contagion des émotions de l’homme vers l’animal, mais également de l’animal vers l’homme, afin de respecter voire d’améliorer leur bien-être, mais également le nôtre...
Procédé pour la préparation d'un précurseur d'un composé aromatique par biosynthèse
2006
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de la synthèse de composés aromatiques par voie enzymatique ou biologique.L'invention est plus particulièrement relative à un procédé d'obtention d'un précurseur de composés aromatiques, notamment un précurseur de cétone framboise, par bioconversion enzymatique.
Foetor judaicus: antisemitism and the excremental imagination in late nineteenth-century French-speaking novels
2021
This study examines the relationship between anti-Semitic discourse and excremental olfactory notations in French and Belgian fictional narratives during the second half of the nineteenth-century, including works from the Goncourt brothers, Rachilde, Léon Bloy, and Camille Lemonnier, among others. The novelists use nauseating olfactory notations, often linked to faecal matter, waste, digestion, etc., as clues of a character's ties with the Jewish community. The relationship between anti-Semitic ideology and excremental olfactory notations illustrates complex political, social, cultural, and economic tensions, directly influencing the ways in which literary texts conceive the discourses surr…
Développer une bouche artificielle
2008
National audience
De la perception sensorielle à la consommation du vin. Partie 1/2 : Mécanisme de la perception sensorielle : reflet de la réalité
2010
National audience; Afin de percevoir son environnement et de pouvoir réagir en conséquence, l’être humain est équipé de capteurs sensoriels. Ces capteurs constituent une interface entre le sujet et le monde extérieur et quelle que soit la stimulation extérieure, ils mettent en jeu les mêmes mécanismes sensoriels. Lorsque les capteurs sensoriels rentrent en contact avec un stimulus, les informations engendrées sont amplifiées, puis transmises au système nerveux central sous forme de signaux électriques (Mac Leod et Sauvageot, 1986) après avoir été progressivement filtrées, réduites et stabilisées. Ces informations électriques sont caractérisées d’une part par une masse globale d’activité, co…
Comunicare, semiotica si semne publicitare
2004
Aceasta lucrare reprezinta atat o sinteza, cât si o ilustrare a propunerilor teoretice care încearca sa explice legaturile dintre semiotica si comunicare.Prin prisma comunicarii, semiotica devine o antropologie care articuleaza sensul, forma si relatia, altfel spus, estezia, estetica si etica, în schimbul permanent dintre semne pe scena sociala.