Search results for "Obstacle"
showing 10 items of 105 documents
Hume’s Guillotine in Designing Ethically Intelligent Technologies
2020
Intelligent machines can follow ethical rules in their behaviour. However, it is less clear whether intelligent systems can also create new ethical principles. The former position can be called weak ethical AI and the latter strong ethical AI. Hume’s guillotine which claims that one cannot derive values from facts appears to be a fundamental obstacle to strong ethical AI. The analysis of human ethical information processes provides clarity to the possibility of strong ethical AI. Human ethical information processing begins with positive of negative emotions associated to situations. Situations can be seen as consequences of actions and for this reason people can define rules about acceptabi…
Partial data inverse problems and simultaneous recovery of boundary and coefficients for semilinear elliptic equations
2021
We study various partial data inverse boundary value problems for the semilinear elliptic equation $\Delta u+ a(x,u)=0$ in a domain in $\mathbb R^n$ by using the higher order linearization technique introduced in [LLS 19, FO19]. We show that the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map of the above equation determines the Taylor series of $a(x,z)$ at $z=0$ under general assumptions on $a(x,z)$. The determination of the Taylor series can be done in parallel with the detection of an unknown cavity inside the domain or an unknown part of the boundary of the domain. The method relies on the solution of the linearized partial data Calder\'on problem [FKSU09], and implies the solution of partial data problems fo…
A systematic literature review of the transition to the circular economy in business organizations: Obstacles, catalysts and ambivalences
2021
There is a need for a transition from unsustainable linear business models to a more sustainable circular approach, called the circular economy. To promote this need, a deeper understanding of which issues hinder organizations’ transition to the circular economy and which ones catalyse it is needed. A systematic literature review was performed on the business implementation of the circular economy and 69 articles covering the topic were found. The review identifies different types of catalyst, obstacles and ambivalent factors influencing circular economy implementation in business. This study contributes to research on circular economy implementation at business organizations by providing u…
Motivation to become an entrepreneur in Finland : the case of Bangladeshi immigrants
2018
This paper describes the motivations in the starting of own business, difficulties and challenges faced by the Bangladeshi immigrant entrepreneurs in Finland and support services available for immigrant entrepreneurs in Finland. This thesis aims to capture the distinctive essence and identify the factors that motivate immigrant people to start their own business in a foreign country. There are several factors that motivate Bangladeshi immigrant entrepreneurs to the start their entrepreneurial activity: job dissatisfaction, lack of employment opportunity, independence and autonomy desire, supporting family, monetary gain, better living standard, social status, being own boss, flexibility. Th…
Associations of Physical Fitness and Body Composition Characteristics With Simulated Military Task Performance
2018
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations of physical fitness and body composition characteristics with anaerobic endurance performance, tested in the combat load using the occupationally relevant military simulation test (MST). Eighty-one male soldiers, deployed to a crisis management operation in the Middle East, volunteered for the study and participated in a test battery consisting measurements of muscle strength, body composition characteristics, endurance capacity, and MST. A Spearman correlational analysis revealed that the strongest variable, correlated with MST time, was the countermovement jump performed with the combat load (CMJ2) (rs = 20.66, p , 0.001). Among t…
Sociālā inovācija: būtība, tendences un barjeras starptautiskajā un Latvijas kontekstā
2016
Bakalaura darba „Sociāla inovācija: būtība, tendences un barjeras straptautiskajā un Latvijas kontekstā” mērķis ir pamatojoties uz sociālās inovācijas teorētiskajiem aspektiem un starptautisko pieredzi un tendencēm, analizēt sociālās inovācijas situāciju Latvijā, noskaidrot Latvijas sabiedrības izpratni par sociālo inovāciju, kā arī identificēt galvenās barjeras, kas kavē sociālās inovācijas attīstību Latvijā. Darba ietvaros izvirzīti sekojoši pētnieciskie jautājumi: Kāda ir sociālās inovācijas situācija un attīstības tendences Latvijā? Kāda ir sabiedrības izpratne par sociālo inovāciju Latvijā? Kādas ir galvenās sociālās inovācijas barjeras Latvijā? Mērķa sasniegšanai apskatīti starptautis…
Biharmonic obstacle problem: guaranteed and computable error bounds for approximate solutions
2020
The paper is concerned with a free boundary problem generated by the biharmonic operator and an obstacle. The main goal is to deduce a fully guaranteed upper bound of the difference between the exact minimizer u and any function (approximation) from the corresponding energy class (which consists of the functions in $H^2$ satisfying the prescribed boundary conditions and the restrictions stipulated by the obstacle). For this purpose we use the duality method of the calculus of variations and general type error identities earlier derived for a wide class of convex variational problems. By this method, we define a combined primal--dual measure of error. It contains four terms of different natu…
Obstacles to the problematization of time in an interdisciplinary approach: the explanation of some natural phenomena by Tunisian students and teache…
2009
This research focuses on learning and teaching of biology and geology by students and teachers. The use of geological time in the explanation of some natural phenomena by learners is difficult. We use an epistemological reflection on the teaching and study of this concept in an interdisciplinary approach by using elements of history and philosophy of science. An accurate diagnosis of the difficulties of learners through many research methods let us understand their problems and suggest strategies to facilitate the acquisition not only the concept of time but also other concepts in science. The main objectif of this research is to identify epistemological obstacles to problematization of tim…
On the Porosity of Free Boundaries in Degenerate Variational Inequalities
2000
Abstract In this note we consider a certain degenerate variational problem with constraint identically zero. The exact growth of the solution near the free boundary is established. A consequence of this is that the free boundary is porous and therefore its Hausdorff dimension is less than N and hence it is of Lebesgue measure zero.
Psychotherapy Integration: A main Obstacle and Challenge
2018
Abstract Psychotherapy integration is a key trend in psychotherapy nowadays. This paper offers a critical perspective on a main obstacle and challenge for psychotherapy integration. Psychotherapy integration should be treated more as a process than as a product. For psychotherapy integration to contribute to the future of psychotherapy, it should not forget its original Exploratory spirit, avoiding and being cautious about Established approaches, and being, therefore, more a process than a product. This assumption should be related first with the core spirit of psychotherapy integration, an ongoing process of respect for different psychotherapeutic models, and an attitude of work in progres…