Search results for "Obstructive"
showing 10 items of 609 documents
Respiratory syncytial virus inhibits ciliagenesis in differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells: effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine.
2012
Persistent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections have been associated with the exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This virus infects the respiratory epithelium, leading to chronic inflammation, and induces the release of mucins and the loss of cilia activity, two factors that determine mucus clearance and the increase in sputum volume. These alterations involve reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanisms. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has proven useful in the management of COPD, reducing symptoms, exacerbations, and accelerated lung function decline. NAC inhibits RSV infection and mucin release in human A54…
Causal Effects of Body Mass Index on Airflow Obstruction and Forced Mid-Expiratory Flow: A Mendelian Randomization Study Taking Interactions and Age-…
2021
Obesity has complex links to respiratory health. Mendelian randomization (MR) enables assessment of causality of body mass index (BMI) effects on airflow obstruction and mid-expiratory flow. In the adult SAPALDIA cohort, recruiting 9,651 population-representative samples aged 18–60 years at baseline (female 51%), BMI and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) as well as forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25–75%) were measured three times over 20 follow-up years. The causal effects of BMI in childhood and adulthood on FEV1/FVC and FEF25–75% were assessed in predictive (BMI averaged over 1st and 2nd, lung function (LF) averaged over 2nd and 3rd fol…
The Flow-Volume-Measurement in Computer-Supported Lung Function Analysis
1982
For some years computers have been applied more and more in pulmonary function laboratories. On the one hand the medico-technical industry could connect older diagnostic systems with new calculators, on the other hand completely computerised lung function desks have been developed.
Chronic Adult Hydrocephalus
1974
Knowledge of Wallerian degeneration began in 1852 and, following experimental research on degeneration and regeneration of interrupted nerves, surgeons realized that reinnervation of end organs depended on growth of axons through the interrupted area of nerve. Therefore surgeons tried to reanastomose the stumps. Failures of reinnervation could not be blamed on lack of axoplasma metabolism and flow from cell body to suture line because the clinical observation of amputation neuromas and their constant recurrence demonstrated the unfailing delivery of axoplasma by the nerve cell body; at times to the deep concern of the surgeon, and the constant pain of the patient. The electron microscope sh…
Bone marrow-derived progenitors are greatly reduced in patients with severe COPD and low-BMI.
2009
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have reduced circulating hemopoietic progenitors. We hypothesized that severity of COPD parallels the decrease in progenitors and that the reduction in body mass index (BMI) could be associated with more severe bone marrow dysfunction. We studied 39 patients with moderate to very severe COPD (18 with low-BMI and 21 with normal-BMI) and 12 controls. Disease severity was associated to a greater reduction in circulating progenitors. Proangiogenetic and inflammatory markers correlated with disease severity parameters. Compared to normal-BMI patients, low-BMI patients showed: greater reduction in circulating progenitors; higher VEGF-A, VEGF-C…
<p>Memory performances and personality traits in mothers of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</p>
2019
Background Chronic diseases in pediatric age have been identified as stressful risk factors for parents. Studies on caregivers have documented the impact of chronic parenting stress on emotion and cognition. Aim To investigate the differences between a group of mothers of children affected by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) for at least 4 years and a group of mothers of typically developing children (TDC) in relation to parental stress, self-esteem, locus of control, and memory performances. Methods A group of 86 mothers (mean age 35.6±4.9, ranged between 32 and 41 years) of children with OSAS diagnosis, and a group of 52 mothers of TDC (mean age 35.9±4.2, ranged between 32 and 41 y…
Immunopositivity of heat shock protein 60 as a biomarker of bronchial carcinogenesis
2005
Obstructive sleep apnea: arterial oxygen desaturation coincides with increases in systemic oxidative stress markers measured with continuous monitori…
2007
Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in growing patients. A meta-analysis.
2019
Background Changes produced in the upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion makes this procedure a therapeutic option for treating sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) in children. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the evidence available for the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on SAHS, analyzing changes produced in oximetric variables: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI); oxygen saturation (SO2); sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time (TST), percentage of rapid eye movement (REM) phase; and arousal index (AI). Material and Methods An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases, and in grey literature (Op…
Signal processing procedures for the evaluation of the cardiovascular effects in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
2002
A new index, the cross-power index (CPI), is proposed to quantify the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in terms of its cardiovascular effects. On the basis of the influences that recurring drops in oxygen saturation have on systolic blood pressure variability of OSAS patients, CPI is defined as the integral of the cross-spectrum modulus between systolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation. In a test group of 22 subjects, CPI correctly identified all 15 OSAS patients included in the pool. Moreover, evaluation of CPI in six OSAS patients sleeping with and without a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) device demonstrated that CPAP treatment substantially reduced the …