Search results for "Odds ratio"
showing 10 items of 1204 documents
Health-related correlates of psychological well-being among girls and boys 6-8 years of age: The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study
2018
AIM Due to limited knowledge on the differences in the correlates of psychological well-being (PSWB) between girls and boys, we compared the correlates of PSWB between primary school girls and boys. METHODS A population sample of 412 children participated in the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study. Parents completed a questionnaire that included 19 questions on the components of PSWB, and a PSWB score was computed. We assessed correlates of PSWB, including physical activity, sedentary behaviour, cardiorespiratory fitness, diet quality, body fat content, sleep duration, sleep disordered breathing, prevalent diseases and parental characteristics. We used logistic regression to a…
Dental pain associated with untreated dental caries and sociodemographic factors in 5-year-old children
2020
Background The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental pain and to examine its association with untreated dental caries in 5-year-old children. Material and Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 261 5-year-old children in Northeast Brazil. Parents answered questions about their socioeconomic conditions and their children's toothache. Trained dentists assessed dental caries using the decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmf-t) index. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and the confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association of dental pain with covariates. The significance level was set at five percent. …
TCH-039 Six Sigma in Healthcare: An Application in the Monitoring of Albumin
2013
Background The high off-label use of albumin persuaded the pharmacy to introduce a request form that uses the internationals guidelines to assess whether the use of albumin is appropriate. This has resulted in a clear reduction in the costs. Purpose To monitor the wards using six sigma methodology (a statistical concept that measures a process in terms of defects); to ensure that all procedures have been followed correctly. Materials and Methods 696 forms for albumin prescriptions coming from 26 wards (August to December 2011) were analysed using Minitab software, which cheques the frequency of the best correct requests (type 1), partially correct requests (type 2) and incorrect requests (t…
Body mass index categories and anxiety symptoms among adults aged =?50 years from low and middle income countries.
2021
Background: Body weight may be a risk factor for anxiety; however, there is a scarcity of studies on this association in older adults especially from low and middle income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety symptoms among adults aged ≥ 50 years from 6 LMICs. Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. The BMI was based on measured weight and height and was categorized as: < 18.5 kg/m2 (underweight), 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 (normal weight), 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 (overweight), 30.0–34.9 kg/m2 (obesity cla…
Titanium plate removal in orthognathic surgery: prevalence, causes and risk factors. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
2020
The purpose of this review was to analyse the prevalence of titanium plate removal in orthognathic surgery, as well as the causes of plate removal, and to determine the associated risk factors. A thorough search of the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted. The inclusion criteria were studies of adult patients who underwent orthognathic surgery in which monocortical titanium plates and screws were placed. Of the 325 references identified, 19 were included in the qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. Overall, 13.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.6-18.3%) of the patients required the removal of at least one titanium plate; 9.7% (95% CI 6.3-14.6%) of the plates…
PREVALENCE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NOCTURNAL BLOOD PRESSURE PROFILE OF ASTHMA PATIENTS ACCORDING TO THERAPY AND SEVERITY OF T…
2020
Background: several studies report an increased risk for asthmatic subjects to develop arterial hypertension and the relationship between these two diseases, frequently co-existing, still has some unclear aspects. Methods: The BADA (blood pressure levels, clinical features and markers of subclinical cardiovascular damage of asthma patients) study is aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the cardiovascular comorbidities of asthma and their impact on the clinical outcome. The main exclusion criteria were the presence of other respiratory diseases, current smoking, any contraindication to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Results: The overall percentage of asthmatics having also hyper…
Asymptomatic carotid lesions add to cardiovascular risk prediction.
2010
AIM To show that subclinical atherosclerosis (subclinical-ATS) of carotid arteries [intima-media thickness (IMT) or asymptomatic carotid plaque (ACP)], may provide additional information for risk stratification, in asymptomatic patients, aged greater than 45 years, with a cluster of risk factors (RFs). METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 558 asymptomatic patients (235 males). RFs for atherosclerosis were assessed and the 10-year-risk was calculated according to the Italian risk score. Doppler ultrasound of carotid arteries identified the presence of IMT greater than 0.9 mm in 183 patients and ACP in 147 patients. One hundred and fifty-three patients developed cerebrovascular or cardiovascular (C…
Prospective analysis of the influence of sport and educational factors on the prevalence and initiation of smoking in older adolescents from Croatia
2017
The prevalence of smoking among Croatian adolescents is alarmingly high, but no previous study has prospectively examined the sport- and academic-factors associated with smoking and smoking initiation. This study aimed to prospectively examine the associations between scholastic (educational) achievement and sport factors and smoking in 16- to 18-year-old adolescents. This two-year prospective cohort study included 644 adolescents who were 16 years of age at baseline (46% females). Baseline testing was implemented at the beginning of the 3rd year of high school (September 2014) when participants were 16 years old. Follow-up testing was completed at the end of the fourth year of high school,…
Genetic risk profiles for a childhood with severely overweight
2013
Summary What is already known about this subject Genome-wide association studies have identified susceptibility loci, conferring only small effects to obesity. We selected 12 from the most accepted susceptibility genes to overweight, which have been corroborated in different populations and series of thousands of adult individuals. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms variants can have a cumulative effect on common forms of obesity, to create a genetic risk score. What this study adds We concentrated on 109 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 12 loci previously reported in association to body mass index at genome-wide significant level, for individuals of European ancestry. To iden…
Serial examination of 20,248 newborn fetuses and infants: Correlations between drug exposure and major malformations
1996
Maternal medication during the first trimester of pregnancy has been discussed as a risk factor for development of birth defects. The correlation between maternal drug use and major malformations was investigated in a population-based case-control study in Mainz. Over a period of 5 years (1990–1994), 20,248 livebirths, stillbirths, and abortions underwent physical and sonographic examination, and anamnestic data were collected. A total of 1,472 births with congenital anomalies (cases) and 9,682 births without major and minor malformations (controls) were analyzed. We distinguished between 30 different drug categories, which were divided into medication taken continuously (before and during …