Search results for "Odds ratio"
showing 10 items of 1204 documents
Anorectal malformations and pregnancy-related disorders: a registry-based case-control study in 17 European regions
2013
Objective To identify pregnancy-related risk factors for different manifestations of congenital anorectal malformations (ARMs).Design A population-based case-control study.Setting Seventeen EUROCAT (European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies) registries, 1980-2008.Population The study population consisted of 1417 cases with ARM, including 648 cases of isolated ARM, 601 cases of ARM with additional congenital anomalies, and 168 cases of ARM-VACTERL (vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheo-esophageal, renal, and limb defects), along with 13371 controls with recognised syndromes or chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios …
Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…
2021
Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…
Severe Gastrointestinal Features in Children with COVID-19: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
2021
Background: Severe gastrointestinal (GI) involvement has been occasionally reported in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection or among those with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). We aimed to investigate the clinical, radiological and histopathological GI characteristics in order to identify factors associated with severe outcome. Methods: In this multicenter retrospective nationwide cohort study, symptomatic children with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection or MIS-C were enrolled. Children who received a diagnosis of acute abdomen, appendicitis, intussusception, pancreatitis, diffuse adeno-mesenteritis or abdominal fluid collections requiring surgical consultation and temporally…
Post-Infectious Myocardial Infarction: New Insights for Improved Screening
2019
Acute infection is suspected of involvement in the onset of acute myocardial infarction (MI). We aimed to assess the incidence, pathogenesis and prognosis of post-infectious MI. All consecutive patients hospitalized for an acute MI in coronary care units were prospectively included. Post-infectious MI was defined by a concurrent diagnosis of acute infection at admission. Type 1 MI (acute plaque disruption) or Type 2 MI (imbalance in oxygen supply/demand) were adjudicated according to the universal definition of MI. From the 4573 patients admitted for acute MI, 466 (10%) had a concurrent acute infection (median age 78 (66–85) y, 60% male), of whom 313 (67%) had a respiratory tract infection.…
Coronary Stent Thrombosis — Predictors and Prevention
2020
BACKGROUND: Stent thrombosis (ST) is a dreaded complication after stent implantation and is associated with a mortality between 5% and 45%. The mechanisms by which ST arises are complex. Because of the seriousness of this situation, all physicians should have at least basic knowledge of it. In this article, we present the risk factors for ST and discuss some innovative approaches to its treatment. METHODS: This review is based on pertinent articles retrieved by a selective search in PubMed, and on current international guidelines and expert recommendations. RESULTS: The frequency of ST has been markedly lowered by technical advances in coronary stenting and by the implementation of modern i…
Predictors of Early Death in Childhood Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Results of an International Retrospective Study
2015
Abstract Background: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare subtype of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Bleeding complications occur in 80% of patients at diagnosis and contribute to a higher incidence of early death (ED) in APL compared to other AML subtypes. However, estimates of ED in pediatric APL are imprecise and factors associated with ED in children with APL are unknown. Objectives: To determine the incidence and predictors of ED, defined as death within 60 days from presentation, in childhood APL. Methods: We conducted a retrospective international analysis of children diagnosed with APL between January 1993 and December 2013. The study included 236 patients from the I…
Dietary fatty acids and recurrence of colorectal adenomas in a European intervention trial.
2008
Epidemiological studies have provided inconsistent data about the role of dietary fatty acids in colorectal cancer, and few studies have addressed their role in colorectal adenoma. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of overall adenoma recurrence associated with dietary consumption of total fat, subtypes of fat, and specific fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid). The study sample was composed of 523 patients with confirmed adenomas at the index colonoscopy, 35 to 75 yr old, who completed the European fiber-calcium intervention trial and had an initial dietary assessment using a qualitative and quantitative food questionnaire. The overall 3-yr recurrence rate …
Dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence in a European intervention trial
2005
The relations between individual foods and nutrients to colorectal tumours are conflicting. Few studies have taken into account the interdependence between individual components of diet and their possible interactions. The aim of the study was to examine the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence in the European fibre-calcium intervention trial. Among the 640 patients with confirmed adenomas at the index colonoscopy, 592 had an initial dietary assessment using a diet history questionnaire. The present analysis was restricted to 277 men and 165 women without history of adenoma prior to the index colonoscopy and who completed the study. The main en…
Colonoscopy and reduction of colorectal cancer risk by molecular tumor subtypes: a population-based case-control study
2020
AbstractObjectiveIn previous studies, the protective effect of colonoscopy was generally stronger for distal than for proximal colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate whether the association of colonoscopy and CRC risk varies according to major molecular pathological features and pathways of CRC.DesignPopulation-based case-control study from Germany, including 2132 patients with a first diagnosis of CRC and information on major molecular tumor markers, and 2486 control participants without CRC. Detailed participant characteristics were collected by standardized questionnaires and information on previous colonoscopy was derived from medical records. Polytomous logistic regre…
Participation in organized sports is associated with decreased likelihood of unhealthy lifestyle habits in adolescents
2018
Adolescence is a pivotal time for investing in both present and future health. Thus, it is important to identify arenas for promoting positive adolescent health behaviors and preventing negative ones. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between organized sports participation (OSP) and a broad range of lifestyle habits in Norwegian adolescents. A comprehensive survey was completed by 13 269 junior high and high school students in southern Norway. Multivariable binary logistic regression models, adjusted for gender, age, and parental education, were used to investigate the associations between OSP and adolescent substance use, dietary habits, physical activity level, pas…