Search results for "Olfactory"
showing 10 items of 319 documents
Independence of first- and second-order memories in newborn rabbits
2011
WOS:000291649400006; International audience; The mammary pheromone promotes the acquisition of novel odorants (CS1) in newborn rabbits. Here, experiments pinpoint that CS1 becomes able to support neonatal learning of other odorants (CS2). We therefore evaluated whether these first- and second-order memories remained dependent after reactivation. Amnesia induced after CS2 recall selectively blocked this memory, when recall and amnesia of CS1 left the souvenir of CS2 safe; this finding partially differed from results obtained in adult mammals. Thus, in this model of neonatal appetitive odor learning, second-order memory seems to depend on first-order memory for its formation but not for its m…
Interaction between Angiotensin Type 1, Type 2, and Mas Receptors to Regulate Adult Neurogenesis in the Brain Ventricular–Subventricular Zone
2019
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Functional evidence of multidrug resistance transporters (MDR) in rodent olfactory epithelium.
2012
WOS: 000305340700029; International audience; BACKGROUND: P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1) are membrane transporter proteins which function as efflux pumps at cell membranes and are considered to exert a protective function against the entry of xenobiotics. While evidence for Pgp and MRP transporter activity is reported for olfactory tissue, their possible interaction and participation in the olfactory response has not been investigated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Functional activity of putative MDR transporters was assessed by means of the fluorometric calcein acetoxymethyl ester (calcein-AM) accumulation assay on acute rat and mouse olfactory tissue slices.…
Odorant metabolism catalyzed by olfactory mucosal enzymes influences peripheral olfactory responses in rats.
2013
International audience; A large set of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), such as the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), esterases and transferases, are highly expressed in mammalian olfactory mucosa (OM). These enzymes are known to catalyze the biotransformation of exogenous compounds to facilitate elimination. However, the functions of these enzymes in the olfactory epithelium are not clearly understood. In addition to protecting against inhaled toxic compounds, these enzymes could also metabolize odorant molecules, and thus modify their stimulating properties or inactivate them. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro biotransformation of odorant molecules in the rat …
Application of hull, bur and leaf chestnut extracts on the shelf-life of beef patties stored under MAP: Evaluation of their impact on physicochemical…
2018
The impact of chestnut extracts (Castanea sativa) from leaf, bur and hull at different concentrations on the shelf-life of beef patties during 18 days of refrigerated storage at (2 ± 1 °C) was studied and compared to control and synthetic antioxidant (BHT) samples. Total phenolics and in vitro antioxidant capacity of extracts were evaluated by using DPPH, FRAP, reducing power and oil accelerated oxidation test (peroxide value, conjugated dienes, p-anisidine and fatty acid profile). The microbial spoilage, colour parameters, lipid oxidation and sensorial properties were used to assess antioxidant activity in beef patties. The highest total phenolic content was found in bur extracts (43.68 ± …
Indirect cues of nest predation risk and avian reproductive decisions
2009
Current life-history theory predicts that increased mortality at early stages of life leads to reduced initial investment (e.g. clutch size) but increased subsequent investment during the reproduction attempt. In a field experiment, migratory pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca perceived differences in mammalian nest predation risk and altered their reproductive strategies in two respects. First, birds avoided nest sites manipulated to reflect the presence of a predator. Second, birds breeding in risky areas nested 4 days earlier and laid 10 per cent larger clutches than those in safe areas, a result that runs counter to the prevailing life-history paradigm. We suggest that the overwhelmin…
Olfacto-retinalis pathway in Austrolebias charrua fishes: A neuronal tracer study
2013
Abstract The olfacto-retinal centrifugal system, a constant component of the central nervous system that appears to exist in all vertebrate groups, is part of the terminal nerve (TN) complex. TN allows the integration of different sensory modalities, and its anatomic variability may have functional and evolutionary significance. We propose that the olfacto-retinal branch of TN is an important anatomical link that allows the functional interaction between olfactory and visual systems in Austrolebias . By injecting three different neuronal tracers (biocytin, horseradish peroxidase, and 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI)) in the left eye of Austrolebias ch…
Olfaction scaffolds the developing human from neonate to adolescent and beyond
2020
The impact of the olfactory sense is regularly apparent across development. The fetus is bathed in amniotic fluid (AF) that conveys the mother's chemical ecology. Transnatal olfactory continuity between the odours of AF and milk assists in the transition to nursing. At the same time, odours emanating from the mammary areas provoke appetitive responses in newborns. Odours experienced from the mother's diet during breastfeeding, and from practices such as pre-mastication, may assist in the dietary transition at weaning. In parallel, infants are attracted to and recognize their mother's odours; later, children are able to recognize other kin and peers based on their odours. Familiar odours, su…
Attraction to sexual pheromones and associated odorants in female mice involves activation of the reward system and basolateral amygdala
2005
Adult female mice are innately attracted to non-volatile pheromones contained in male-soiled bedding. In contrast, male-derived volatiles become attractive if associated with non-volatile attractive pheromones, which act as unconditioned stimulus in a case of Pavlovian associative learning. In this work, we study the chemoinvestigatory behaviour of female mice towards volatile and non-volatile chemicals contained in male-soiled bedding, in combination with the analysis of c-fos expression induced by such a behaviour to clarify: (i) which chemosensory systems are involved in the detection of the primary attractive non-volatile pheromone and of the secondarily attractive volatiles; (ii) where…
Expression of connexin36 in the adult and developing rat brain.
2000
The distribution of connexin36 (Cx36) in the adult rat brain and retina has been analysed at the protein (immunofluorescence) and mRNA (in situ hybridization) level. Cx36 immunoreactivity, consisting primarily of round or elongated puncta, is highly enriched in specific brain regions (inferior olive and the olfactory bulb), in the retina, in the anterior pituitary and in the pineal gland, in agreement with the high levels of Cx36 mRNA in the same regions. A lower density of immunoreactive puncta can be observed in several brain regions, where only scattered subpopulations of cells express Cx36 mRNA. By combining in situ hybridization for Cx36 mRNA with immunohistochemistry for a general neu…