Search results for "Optic nerve"
showing 10 items of 108 documents
Retrobulbar anesthesia complicated by combined central retinal vein and artery occlusion and massive vitreoretinal fibrosis.
1995
Retrobulbar anaesthesia is routine procedure in ocular surgery. Complication are infrequent but often severe, involving both retina and the optic nerve. we report a case of combined central retinal vein and artery occlusion, secondary to retrobulbar anaesthesia, which evolved into retinal ischemia and Vitreoretinal fibrosis. This is the first time to our knowledge that such a dramatic evolution of post traumatic retinal occlusion has been reported.
Alterations in the spontaneous activity of cells in the guinea pig pineal gland and visual system produced by pineal indoles
1982
The indoles serotonin (SER), melatonin (MEL), 5-methoxytryptophol (5-MTL) and 5-hydroxytryptophol (5-HTL) were administered during daytime microelectrophoretically to 240 cells in the pineal gland of the guniea-pig. The action of SER and 5-HTL was predominantly depressant on the electrical activity, MEL and 5-MTL caused an excitation in most of the units. Although MEL and 5-MTL caused fairly similar reactions on average, they appear to act on different cells. The effects of microelectrophoretically applied MEL and 5-MTL on the spontaneous or evoked activity in the visual system (retinal ganglion cells, optic tract, lateral lateral geniculate body, superior colliculus) of the guinea-pig were…
Thyroid hormone deficiency disrupts rat eye neurodevelopment
2010
Clinical and experimental studies have highlighted the role played by thyroid hormones (TH) in neural and neuro-sensorial development. However, knowledge on TH mechanisms on the developing visual system is still incomplete. To uncover TH actions on the eyes and vision we carried out a microscopical study on the role of TH in the developing retina and optic nerve, in a rat model of controlled TH deficiency (THD). Morphometric and stereological analyses of the retina and optic nerve showed a reduction in the volume of the eye (p<0.001) and optic nerve cross-sectional area (p<0.001), and thinning of the retinal layers (p<0.001). Glial development and myelination was significantly delayed in th…
Aplasia of the retinal vessels combined with optic nerve hypoplasia, neonatal epileptic seizures, and lactic acidosis due to mitochondrial complex I …
1992
A newborn male with mitochondrial complex I deficiency suffered from neonatal epileptic seizures, which later developed into infantile spasms. The infant was blind due to aplasia of the retinal vessels and hypoplasia of the optic nerve. There was congenital lactic acidosis, which persisted in later life. The boy was microcephalic and retarded. Muscular hypotonia later shifted to spasticity. Succinic acid was increased in urine. We assume that the aplasia of the retinal vessels is due to damage of the retinal ganglion cells caused by the mitochondrial disease in the first 3 to 4 months of pregnancy.
Serum autoantibodies to alpha-fodrin are present in glaucoma patients from Germany and the United States.
2006
PURPOSE Glaucoma is characterized by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells that results in a characteristic optic neuropathy associated with visual field loss. In previous studies, changes in the antibody profiles have been shown in the sera of patients with glaucoma, and these findings suggest a role for autoimmune involvement in the pathogenesis of glaucoma in some patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibody profiles against optic nerve antigens in patients with glaucoma in two different study populations from Germany and the United States. METHODS One hundred twenty patients were included in the study, 60 from Germany and 60 from the United States: a control gr…
Clinical spectrum of eye malformations in four patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome
2015
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by a specific facial gestalt, intellectual deficiency, Hirschsprung disease and multiple congenital anomalies. Heterozygous mutations or deletions in the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox2 gene (ZEB2) cause MWS. ZEB2 encodes for Smad-interacting protein 1, a transcriptional co-repressor involved in TGF-beta and BMP pathways and is strongly expressed in early stages of development in mice. Eye abnormalities have rarely been described in patients with this syndrome. Herein, we describe four patients (two males and two females; mean age 7 years) with MWS and eye malformations. Ocular anomalies included, iris/retinal coloboma…
Optic Nerve Decompression Improves Hemodynamic Parameters in Papilledema
1993
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine changes in color Doppler imaging parameters before and after optic nerve sheath decompression (ONSD) for chronic papilledema caused by pseudotumor cerebri (PTC). Methods: Color Doppler imaging was performed within 48 hours before surgery and within 48 hours after the procedure using a color Doppler unit with a 7.5-MHz phased linear transducer. Pulsed Doppler spectrum analyses were recorded digitally on videotape from the ophthalmic, central retinal, and short posterior ciliary arteries, using a 0.4 × 0.6-mm sample volume. Results: Blood flow velocities in the ophthalmic, short posterior ciliary, and central retinal arteries of 24 eyes were si…
PE-11, a peptide derived from chromogranin B, in the rat eye.
2010
The aim of the study was to investigate the presence and distribution of PE-11, a peptide derived from chromogranin B, in the rat eye. For this purpose, newborn rats were injected with a single dosage of 50mg/kg capsaicin subcutaneously under the neck fold and after three months, particular eye tissues were dissected and the concentration of PE-11-like immunoreactivity was determined by radioimmunoassay. Furthermore, PE-11-like immunoreactivities were characterized in an extract of the rat eye by reversed phase HPLC. Then, the distribution pattern of PE-11 was investigated in the rat eye and rat trigeminal ganglion by immunofluorescence. As a result, PE-11 was present in each tissue of the …
Subretinal neovascularization in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.
1991
A 66-year-old man with typical anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in one eye suffered from edema of the optic disc without functional changes in the fellow eye. However, 7 months later, a reduction in visual acuity, a change in the visual field and a worsening of the contrast-sensitivity curve demonstrated the development of typical anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in this eye as well. After another 6-month period, in addition to these changes, an extensive subretinal neovascular membrane developed in the papillomacular area, which further reduced the patient's visual acuity and required treatment with laser photocoagulation. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the occurren…
Predictive value of heidelberg retina tomograph parameters for the development of glaucoma in the European glaucoma prevention study
2015
Purpose To determine whether baseline Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) measurements of the optic disc are associated with the development of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in individuals with ocular hypertension in the European Glaucoma Prevention Study (EGPS). Design Retrospective analysis of a prospective, randomized, multicenter, double-masked, controlled clinical trial. Methods There were 489 participants in the HRT Ancillary Study to the EGPS. Each baseline HRT parameter was assessed in univariate and multivariate proportional hazards models to determine its association with the development of OAG. Proportional hazards models were used to identify HRT variables that predicted which partici…