Search results for "Optica"

showing 10 items of 7696 documents

Effect of the Al/Si atomic ratio on surface and structural properties of sol-gel prepared aluminosilicates

2003

Abstract A series of aluminosilicates with an Al/Si ratio ranging from 0 to ∞ (0 for pure silica and ∞ for pure alumina) was prepared by sol–gel process and characterized by surface and structure techniques. Aluminum tri sec butoxide and tetramethylorthosilicate were used as precursors for the sol–gel synthesis. The acidic properties of the oxides were studied by determination of the zero point charges, through mass titration method, and, for selected samples, by FT-IR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine used as a probe for both Bronsted and Lewis acidity. A dependence of the acidity on the Al/Si atomic ratio was found. According to the X-ray diffraction patterns, all the oxides have an amorp…

Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidInorganic ChemistryAdsorptionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyAluminosilicateMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesAtomic ratioPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopySol-gel
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The e-ASTROGAM gamma-ray space observatory for the multimessenger astronomy of the 2030s

2018

e-ASTROGAM is a concept for a breakthrough observatory space mission carrying a gamma-ray telescope dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon energy range from 0.15 MeV to 3 GeV. The lower energy limit can be pushed down to energies as low as 30 keV for gamma-ray burst detection with the calorimeter. The mission is based on an advanced space-proven detector technology, with unprecedented sensitivity, angular and energy resolution, combined with remarkable polarimetric capability. Thanks to its performance in the MeV-GeV domain, substantially improving its predecessors, e-ASTROGAM will open a new window on the non-thermal Universe, making pioneering observations of the…

Cherenkov Telescope ArrayHigh-energy astrophysical phenomenaCompton and pair creation telescope; Gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray polarization; high-energy astrophysical phenomena; space mission; time-domain astronomyenergy resolution7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpace missionlaw.inventionIceCubeEinstein TelescopelawObservatoryLIGO010303 astronomy & astrophysicsKM3NeTPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Applied MathematicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionGamma-ray astronomyGamma-ray polarizationCondensed Matter Physicsphoton: energyobservatoryNuclear astrophysicsApace missionAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaperformancedetector: technologyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsgamma ray: burstspace missionCompton and pair creation telescopeTelescope0103 physical sciencessupernovaElectroniccalorimetergamma ray: detectorOptical and Magnetic MaterialsKAGRAElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsTime domain astronomyLISAGamma-ray astronomyEinstein TelescopeAstronomyInstitut für Physik und AstronomieTime-domain astronomyCherenkov Telescope ArraysensitivityLIGOmessengerKM3NeTVIRGO13. Climate actionCompton and pair creation telescope; Gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray polarization; high-energy astrophysical phenomena; space mission; time-domain astronomy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic Engineeringddc:520galaxyCompton and pair creation telescope; Gamma-ray astronomy; gamma-ray polarization; high-energy astrophysical phenomena; space mission; time-domain astronomy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic Engineering[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Triplet exciplexes as energy transfer photosensitisers

2006

Experimental evidence is provided for the occurrence of triplet–triplet energy transfer from benzoylthiophene–indole exciplexes to naphthalenes with a remarkable stereodifferentiation; chiral recognition is also observed in the decay of the generated naphthalene triplets. Perez Prieto, Julia, Julia.Perez@uv.es ; Galian, Raquel Eugenia, Raquel.Galian@uv.es ; Morant Miñana, Maria Carmen, Maica.Morant@uv.es

Chiral recognitionStereochemistryEnergy transferUNESCO::QUÍMICAStereodifferentiationBenzoylthiophenePhotochemistry:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]CatalysisTriplet exciplexeschemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryTriplet exciplexes ; Energy transfer ; Photosensitisers ; Benzoylthiophene ; Stereodifferentiation ; Chiral recognition ; NaphthalenePhysics::Chemical PhysicsNaphthaleneUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química analíticaMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotosensitiserschemistryEnergy transferCeramics and Composites:QUÍMICA::Química analítica [UNESCO]Naphthalene
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<title>New PW stretcher-compressor design for PHELIX laser</title>

2005

With PHELIX (Petawatt High Energy Laser for heavy Ion EXperiments) a high energy/ultra-high intensity laser system is currently under construction at the GSI (Gesellschaft fur SchwerIonenforschung, Germany). In combination with the high current high energy ion accelerator facility this will provide worldwide unique experimental opportunities in the field of dense plasma physics and inertial fusion research. In the long pulse mode the laser system will provide laser pulses of up to 5 kJ in 1-10 ns pulses. In the high intensity mode pulse powers in excess of 1 PW will be achieved. For this the well known technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA) will be implemented. A new CPA stretcher-c…

Chirped pulse amplificationOptical amplifierEngineeringbusiness.industryPhelixFusion powerLaserlaw.inventionPulse (physics)OpticslawPulse compressionChirpbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Ytterbium-doped fibers for high-power fiber lasers

2021

Ytterbium (Yb) doped optical fibers are widely used in high-power applications and ultrafast lasing since they show adequate power-handling capability and provide desirable beam quality. Yb-doped fibers with large core area can support high power but often act as a multimode fiber and compromise the output beam quality. Hence, it is important to attain a proper balance between the power-handling capability and the beam quality. Yb-doped fibers as a gain medium in pulsed fiber laser systems are prone to nonlinear optical effects due to the presence of high peak power in the ultrashort pulses. Nonlinearity such as self phase modulation (SPM) affects the width and the shape of the pulse, both …

Chirped pulse amplificationoptiset kuidutOptical fiberMulti-mode optical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industrydouppaus (puolijohdetekniikka)Physics::Opticslasertekniikkalaw.inventionlaseritkuituoptiikkaOpticslawFiber laserChirpLaser beam qualitybusinessSelf-phase modulationUltrashort pulse
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Chlorophyll Concentration Retrieval by Training Convolutional Neural Network for Stochastic Model of Leaf Optical Properties (SLOP) Inversion

2020

Miniaturized hyperspectral imaging techniques have developed rapidly in recent years and have become widely available for different applications. Combining calibrated hyperspectral imagery with inverse physically based reflectance models is an interesting approach for estimating chlorophyll concentrations that are good indicators of vegetation health. The objective of this study was to develop a novel approach for retrieving chlorophyll a and b values from remotely sensed data by inverting the stochastic model of leaf optical properties using a one-dimensional convolutional neural network. The inversion results and retrieved values are validated in two ways: A classical machine learning val…

Chlorophyll boptical propertiesChlorophyll aklorofylli010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCorrelation coefficientStochastic modelling0211 other engineering and technologiesconvolutional neural network02 engineering and technologyneuroverkotoptiset ominaisuudet01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkchemistry.chemical_compoundchlorophylllcsh:Scienceoptical properties; convolutional neural network; deep learning; chlorophyll; stochastic modeling; physical parameter retrieval; forestry021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMathematicsRemote sensingstokastiset prosessitbusiness.industryDeep learningspektrikuvausforestryHyperspectral imagingdeep learningmetsänarviointikoneoppiminenchemistryChlorophyllGeneral Earth and Planetary Scienceslcsh:QArtificial intelligencekaukokartoitusmetsänhoitobusinessphysical parameter retrievalstochastic modelingRemote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 2; Pages: 283
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Hierarchical Self-Organization of Perylene Bisimide–Melamine Assemblies to Fluorescent Mesoscopic Superstructures

2000

A series of three perylene tetracarboxylic acid bisimide dyes 3a-c bearing phenoxy substituents at the four bay positions of the perylene core were synthesized and their complexation behavior to complementary ditopic dialkyl melamines 8a-c was investigated. Binding constants and Gibbs binding energies for the hydrogen bonds between the imide and the complementary melamine moiety have been determined in several solvents by NMR and UV/Vis titration experiments with monotopic model compounds 5 and 9. The effects of the solvent polarity and specific solvent-solute interactions on the degree of polymerization of (3 x 8)n are discussed, and a general formula to estimate the chain length of [AA-BB…

ChlorophyllMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyLightPolymersMolecular ConformationSupramolecular chemistryDegree of polymerizationImidesPhotochemistryFluorescenceCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundNon-covalent interactionsPerylenechemistry.chemical_classificationMicroscopy ConfocalTriazinesHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryOptical polarizationPolymerGeneral ChemistrySolutionsSupramolecular polymersMicroscopy ElectronchemistrySpectrophotometry UltravioletPeryleneChemistry – A European Journal
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Labdane Diterpenes from Stachys plumosa

2000

Three new labdane diterpenoids were isolated from the aerial parts of Stachys plumosa. The first two (1, 2) were the dextrorotatory enantiomers of the known 6-deoxyandalusol and 13-epijabugodiol. Structures were determined using NMR and MS techniques. The absolute stereochemistry of the third compound (3) was not experimentally proved.

Chromatography GasMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOptical RotationStereochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryDextrorotatoryLabdanechemistry.chemical_compoundBalkan peninsulaDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryPharmacologyLamiaceaePlant StemsChemistryOrganic ChemistryAbsolute configurationStachys plumosaTerpenoidPlant LeavesItalyComplementary and alternative medicineChromatography GelMolecular MedicineSpectrophotometry UltravioletEpimerDiterpenesDiterpeneJournal of Natural Products
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Towards a revisitation of vesuvianite-group nomenclature: the crystal structure of Ti-rich vesuvianite from Alchuri, Shigar Valley

2016

Vesuvianite containing 5.85 wt% TiO2from an Alpine-cleft-type assemblage outcropped near Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Northern Areas, has been investigated by means of electron microprobe analyses, gas-chromatographic analysis of H2O, X-ray powder diffraction, single-crystal X-ray structure refinement,27Al NMR,57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and optical measurements. Tetragonal unit-cell parameters are:a= 15.5326 (2),c= 11.8040 (2) Å, space groupP4/nnc. The structure was refined to finalR1= 0.031,wR2= 0.057 for 11247I> 2σ(I). A general crystal-chemical formula of studied sample can be written as follows (Z= 2):[8–9](Ca17.1Na0.9)[8]Ca1.0[5](Fe2+0.44Fe3+0.34Mg0.22)[6](Al3.59Mg0.41)…

Chromatography GasMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopySpectrophotometry InfraredCrystal chemistryIronInfrared spectroscopyMineralogyElectron microprobeCrystal structureengineering.materialCrystallography X-Ray010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesSpectroscopy MossbauerTetragonal crystal systemX-Ray Diffraction0502 economics and businessMössbauer spectroscopyMaterials ChemistryPakistanVesuvianite0105 earth and related environmental sciencesTitaniumMineralsChemistry05 social sciencesMetals and AlloysAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyengineering050211 marketingPowdersPowder diffractionActa Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
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Preparation of Pd coated anodic alumina membranes for gas separation media

2007

Different procedures of Pd electroless deposition onto anodic alumina membranes were investigated to form a dense metal layer covering pores. The main difficulty was related to the amorphous nature of anodic alumina membranes, determining low chemical stability in solutions at pH > 9, where Pd plating works more efficiently. As a consequence, it was necessary to find the operative conditions allowing Pd deposition without damaging the membrane: to reduce alumina dissolution, the plating bath was buffered at pH 8.5 by addition of either NaHCO 3 or Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·H 2 O. Acceptable conversion of Pd was found after a deposition time of 3 min. Single and multiple deposition steps (each lasting 3 …

ChromatographyAluminaAmorphous materialsDissolutionPalladiumPlatingRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidMembraneSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringPlatingMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistryGas separationSolubilityDissolutionDeposition (chemistry)Layer (electronics)
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