Search results for "Optical"

showing 10 items of 7671 documents

Effect of Zr4+Doping on the Electrical Properties of BaTiO3Ceramics

2011

The BaZrxTi1-xO3 for 0⩽x⩽15 ceramics were prepared by a conventional solid state reaction method and were determined by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for crystallographic, surface morphological and compositional studies. A single phase with perovskite structure was identified in the samples at room temperature. No significant impurities were detected in an EDS spectrum and the samples are in good stoichiometric ratio. The temperature dependence of electric conductivity was evaluated in the temperature range from 300 to 550 K for a selected frequency by a HP4284 LCR meter. The activation energy was calculated from the Arrhenius plots.

Arrhenius equationMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeDopingAnalytical chemistryActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeImpurityElectrical resistivity and conductivityLCR metersymbolsFerroelectrics
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Dipolar and orientational glass formation in two-dimensional films of CO mixtures

2002

Heat-capacity and dielectric measurements have been performed to study orientational and dipolar order and disorder phenomena in submonolayer films of CO and binary mixtures of CO physisorbed on graphite and boron nitride (BN). With both methods transitions to quadrupolar and dipolar ordered low-temperature phases have been found for pure CO. Calorimetric measurements revealed that the dipolar transition of CO on graphite belongs to the universality class of the two-dimensional (2D) Ising model. It will be shown that in dilute mixtures of CO with CH 4 molecules a dramatic suppression of this phase transition occurs. This effect turned out to be much stronger than that previously observed in…

Arrhenius equationPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsChemistryDielectricCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundBoron nitrideImpurityChemical physicsMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositessymbolsIsing modelGraphiteOrientational glassJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Hydrogen Surface Self-Diffusion on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Support

2008

International audience; Quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements have been performed to investigate the surface selfdiffusion of hydrogen molecules. A monolayer of molecular hydrogen was adsorbed on a carbon material commonly used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, called XC-72. QENS spectra were recorded at the time-of-flight spectrometer IN5 at Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble at 40, 50, 60, and 70 K. By using the Chudley & Elliott model for jump diffusion, we found the diffusion coefficient at each temperature. The logarithm of the diffusion coefficient was plotted versus the inverse of the temperature to give the coefficient in the Arrhenius equation. From t…

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionHydrogenChemistryDiffusionJump diffusionAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrolyteNeutron scattering7. Clean energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbols.namesake[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryGeneral EnergyMonolayer[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Temperature dependance of the generation and decay of E’ centers induced in silica by 4.7eV laser radiation

2009

We report a study of the generation of silicon dangling bonds (E' centers) induced in fused silica by 4.7 eV laser irradiation in the 10 200 K the induced defects undergo a post-irradiation decay due to their reaction with mobile H(2). The interplay between generation and annealing gives rise to a bell-shaped temperature dependence of the concentration of induced E' centers, peaking at 250 K

Arrhenius equationSiliconChemistryAnnealing (metallurgy)Dangling bondchemistry.chemical_elementsilica point defectsActivation energyRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonancelawMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositessymbolsIrradiationSilica laser effects annealing
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MBE growth and properties of low-density InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures.

2011

We present the results of a comprehensive study carried out on morphological, structural and optical properties of InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. InAs quantum dots were deposited at low growth rate and high growth temperature and were capped with InGaAs upper confining layers. Owing to these particular design and growth parameters, quantum dot densities are in the order of 4-5x109 cm-2 with emission wavelengths ranging from 1.20 to 1.33 µm at 10 K, features that make these structures interesting for single-photon operation at telecom wavelength. High resolution structural techniques show that In content and composition profiles in the structures depend on …

Arrhenius equationeducation.field_of_studystructural and optical characterizationPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicslow-dimensional semiconductor systemsCondensed Matter::OtherPopulationmolecular-beam epitaxyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectlow-dimensional semiconductor systems molecular-beam epitaxy structural and optical characterizationsymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceQuantum dotQuantum dot lasersymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceeducationMolecular beam epitaxyWetting layer
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Study of ambient light influence for three-dimensional scanners based on structured light

2007

Ambient light in a scene can introduce errors into range data from most commercial three-dimensional range scanners, particularly scanners that are based on projected patterns and structured lighting. We study the effects of ambient light on a specific commercial scanner. We further present a method for characterizing the range accuracy as a function of ambient light distortions. After a brief review of related research, we first describe the capabilities of the scanner we used and define the experimental setup for our study. Then we present the results of the range characterization relative to ambient light. In these results, we note a systematic error source that appears to be an artifact…

Artifact (error)Opticsbusiness.industryComputer scienceOptical engineeringGeneral EngineeringRange (statistics)3d scanningStandard illuminantbusinessAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsStructured-light 3D scannerStructured lightOptical Engineering
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Image quality with multifocal intraocular lenses and the effect of pupil size

2007

Purpose To analyze the image quality with a refractive and 2 hybrid refractive–diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in vitro to determine the IOL modulation transfer function (MTF) following the EN-ISO international standard for distance and near vision and to study the IOLs' behavior with different pupil sizes. Setting Fundacion Oftalmologica del Mediterraneo, Valencia, Spain. Methods This study evaluated 4 IOLs: the hybrid refractive–diffractive AcrySof ReSTOR SN60D3 (Alcon) and Tecnis ZM900 (AMO), the refractive ReZoom NXG (AMO), and the monofocal AcrySof SN60WF (Alcon). The MTF was calculated from the cross-line spread function recorded with the OPAL Vector System (Image Sci…

Artificial corneaOptics and PhotonicsImage qualitymedicine.medical_treatmentIntraocular lensProsthesis DesignModels BiologicalPupilContrast SensitivityOpticsOptical transfer functionmedicineHumansImaging scienceMathematicsLenses IntraocularFourier Analysisbusiness.industryPupil sizePupilMultifocal intraocular lensSensory SystemsOphthalmologyOptometrySurgerybusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Imaging Quality of Bifocal Piggyback Intraocular Lens versus ReSTOR and TECNIS Multifocal Lenses

2009

Purpose The imaging quality provided by a piggyback integrated by a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) + a bifocal IOL of zero power and +3.75 diopters of addition is compared with the optics quality of a simple multifocal IOL of the same power and addition. Methods The imaging quality was evaluated by determining the modulation transfer function (MTF), using an artificial eye simulating in vivo conditions of the anterior chamber, including an artificial cornea and a wet cell containing physiologic solution where the IOL was positioned. The MTFs of the bifocal piggyback for near and distance vision were measured, with pupil diameters of 3 and 5 mm, and compared with the MTFs of an equivalent …

Artificial corneaOptics and Photonicsmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.product_categoryMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentVisual AcuityIntraocular lensEyeRefraction OcularPupil03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptical transfer functionOphthalmologymedicineHumansMultifocal lensesDioptreLenses IntraocularDepth PerceptionStrehl ratioGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalOphthalmologyImaging quality030221 ophthalmology & optometryArtificial Organsbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEuropean Journal of Ophthalmology
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A neural network-based approach to determine FDTD eigenfunctions in quantum devices

2009

This article combines a Neural Network (NN) algorithm with the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique to estimate the eigenfunctions in quantum devices. A NN based on the Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm is combined with the FDTD technique to provide a first approach to the confined states in quantum wires. The proposed technique is in good agreement with analytical results and is more efficient than FDTD combined with the Fourier Transform. This technique is used to cal- culate a numerical approximation to the eigenfunctions associated to quan- tum wire potentials. The performance and convergence of the proposed technique are also presented in this article. © 2009 Wiley Periodica…

Artificial neural networkComputer scienceFinite-difference time-domain methodEigenfunctionCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLeast mean squares filtersymbols.namesakeFourier transformConvergence (routing)symbolsElectronic engineeringApplied mathematicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringQuantumMicrowaveMicrowave and Optical Technology Letters
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OmniFlowNet: a Perspective Neural Network Adaptation for Optical Flow Estimation in Omnidirectional Images

2021

International audience; Spherical cameras and the latest image processing techniques open up new horizons. In particular, methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) now give excellent results for optical flow estimation on perspective images. However, these approaches are highly dependent on their architectures and training datasets. This paper proposes to benefit from years of improvement in perspective images optical flow estimation and to apply it to omnidirectional ones without training on new datasets. Our network, OmniFlowNet, is built on a CNN specialized in perspective images. Its convolution operation is adapted to be consistent with the equirectangular projection. Teste…

Artificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industryDistortion (optics)Perspective (graphical)[INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processing02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkConvolutionOptical flow estimation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessProjection (set theory)0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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