Search results for "Optical"

showing 10 items of 7671 documents

Experimental demonstration of phase bistability in a broad-area optical oscillator with injected signal

2015

We demonstrate experimentally that a broad-area laserlike optical oscillator (a nondegenerate photorefractive oscillator) with structured injected signal displays two-phase patterns. The technique [de Valc\'arcel and Staliunas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 054101 (2010)] consists in spatially modulating the injection, so that its phase alternates periodically between two opposite values, i.e., differing by $\ensuremath{\pi}$.

Bistability:Física::Mecànica quàntica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]educationPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)SignalOpticsOptical chaos complexityphotorefractive and Kerr effectsDynamics of nonlinear optical systemsPatternsPhysicsLàsersbusiness.industryLasersPhase conjugationPhotorefractive effectNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical spatio-temporal dynamicsOptical instabilitiesAtomic physicsPhase conjugationbusinessPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Coherent Manipulation of Polarization in Mixed-Valence Compounds by Electric Pulse via Landau–Zener Transitions

2012

In this contribution, we predict and theoretically investigate the effects of the electric field pulse in mixed valence (MV) dimers. These systems exhibit bistability with a large internal dipole moment mediated by the itinerant electron trapped by the vibronic coupling. In this sense, they are similar to single molecular magnets (SMMs) that are bistable systems possessing large long-living magnetization and exhibiting Landau−Zener (LZ) transitions. We propose a scheme for a controllable LZ tunnelling in MV systems that provides also a possibility to control the dipole moment of a dimeric MV unit. It is supposed that the static electric field initially polarizes the system, and then the uni…

BistabilityCondensed matter physicsChemistryElectronMagnetostaticsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetizationPolarization densityDipoleVibronic couplingGeneral EnergyElectric fieldPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Coexistence of single-mode and multi-longitudinal mode emission in the ring laser model

2005

A homogeneously broadened unidirectonal ring laser can emit in several longitudinal modes for large enough pump and cavity length because of Rabi splitting induced gain. This is the so called Risken-Nummedal-Graham-Haken (RNGH) instability. We investigate numerically the properties of the multi-mode solution. We show that this solution can coexist with the single-mode one, and its stability domain can extend to pump values smaller than the critical pump of the RNGH instability. Morevoer, we show that the multi-mode solution for large pump values is affected by two different instabilities: a pitchfork bifurcation, which preserves phase-locking, and a Hopf bifurcation, which destroys it.

BistabilityFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsRing laserInstabilityOptical bistabilityLongitudinal modesymbols.namesakeINSTABILITIESOpticsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHopf bifurcationPhysicsbusiness.industrySingle-mode optical fiberNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPULSESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPitchfork bifurcationsymbolsTURBULENCEChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)businessOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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INTEGRAL/RXTE Observations of Cygnus X-1

2003

We present first results from contemporaneous observations of Cygnus X-1 with INTEGRAL and RXTE, made during INTEGRAL's performance verification phase in 2002 November and December. Consistent with earlier results, the 3-250 keV data are well described by Comptonization spectra from a Compton corona with a temperature of kT~50-90 keV and an optical depth of tau~1.0-1.3 plus reflection from a cold or mildly ionized slab with a covering factor of Omega/2pi~0.2-0.3. A soft excess below 10 keV, interpreted as emission from the accretion disk, is seen to decrease during the 1.5 months spanned by our observations. Our results indicate a remarkable consistency among the independently calibrated de…

Black hole physics ; Individual stars ; Cyg X-1 ; Gamma rays ; X-rays observations ; BinariesAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesFlux02 engineering and technologyAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAAstrophysicsCyg X-101 natural sciencesOmegaSpectral lineIonizationIndividual stars0103 physical sciencesOptical depth (astrophysics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCalibration010303 astronomy & astrophysicsOptical depthPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGamma raysBinariesAstrophysics (astro-ph)X-rays observationsGamma rayAstronomyAstronomy and Astrophysics020206 networking & telecommunicationsBlack hole physics:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]CoronaSpace and Planetary ScienceReflection (physics)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]AIP Conference Proceedings
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Blind deconvolution using TV regularization and Bregman iteration

2005

In this paper we formulate a new time dependent model for blind deconvolution based on a constrained variational model that uses the sum of the total variation norms of the signal and the kernel as a regularizing functional. We incorporate mass conservation and the nonnegativity of the kernel and the signal as additional constraints. We apply the idea of Bregman iterative regularization, first used for image restoration by Osher and colleagues [S.J. Osher, M. Burger, D. Goldfarb, J.J. Xu, and W. Yin, An iterated regularization method for total variation based on image restoration, UCLA CAM Report, 04-13, (2004)]. to recover finer scales. We also present an analytical study of the model disc…

Blind deconvolutionDeblurringMathematical optimizationBregman divergenceTotal variation denoisingRegularization (mathematics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsKernel (image processing)Iterated functionApplied mathematicsComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSoftwareImage restorationMathematicsInternational Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology
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Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Other Potential Biomarkers for Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetics: Beneficial Effects of the Nutraceutic Supplements

2015

We have studied the global risk of retinopathy in a Mediterranean population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, according to clinical, biochemical, and lifestyle biomarkers. The effects of the oral supplementation containing antioxidants/omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) were also evaluated. Suitable participants were distributed into two main groups: (1) T2DMG (with retinopathy (+DR) or without retinopathy (−DR)) and (2) controls (CG). Participants were randomly assigned (+A/ω3) or not (−A/ω3) to the oral supplementation with a daily pill of Nutrof Omega (R) for 18 months. Data collected including demographics, anthropometrics, characteristics/lifestyle, ophthalmic examination (best cor…

Blood GlucoseMaleoptical coherenceGlycated Hemoglobin Alcsh:MedicineType 2 diabetesmedicine.disease_causeGastroenterologyAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundMalondialdehyde80 and overglycosylatedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyGeneral MedicineDiabetic retinopathyMiddle AgedMalondialdehydetype 2diabetes mellitusFemaleomega-3Tomography Optical CoherenceResearch ArticleRetinopathyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyArticle Subjecthemoglobin APopulationtomographyfatty acidsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyInternal medicineFatty Acids Omega-3medicineHumanseducationTriglyceridesAgedGlycated HemoglobinDiabetic RetinopathyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologySettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivobusiness.industryadult; aged; aged 80 and over; antioxidants; biomarkers; blood glucose; diabetes mellitus type 2; diabetic retinopathy; fatty acids omega-3; female; hemoglobin A glycosylated; humans; male; malondialdehyde; middle aged; oxidative stress; tomography optical coherence; triglycerides; dietary supplementslcsh:RType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseaseOxidative StressEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2chemistryDietary SupplementsHemoglobinbusinessBiomarkersOxidative stressBioMed Research International
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Properties of erythrocyte light refraction in diabetic patients.

2001

Since hyperglycaemia changes the erythrocyte cell membrane fluidity and impairs cell deformity, our goal was to characterize hemoglobin and red blood cell (RBC) light refractive property changes in diabetic patients. Microscopic investigation was carried out on intact and fixed RBCs. To determine the refractive index (RI): smears of peripheral blood were air dried and fixed for 3 min in methanol. Mixtures of polyvinylpyrolidine and buffer of different pH (1:1) were used as embedding media. Intact RBCs were mixed with a buffered embedding medium, placed on a slide and overlaid with a coverslip. Interference microscopy was used for RI measurements at 18 different pH (pH=2-13). The results sho…

Blood GlucoseOptics and PhotonicsErythrocytesLightBiomedical EngineeringIn Vitro TechniquesBiomaterialsOpticsmedicineDiabetes MellitusHumansScattering RadiationMicroscopy InterferenceChromatographyChemistrybusiness.industryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationRefractionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPeripheral bloodElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRed blood cellmedicine.anatomical_structureCase-Control StudiesHyperglycemiaHemoglobinMicroscopy PolarizationbusinessJournal of biomedical optics
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Noncontact speckle-based optical sensor for detection of glucose concentration using magneto-optic effect

2016

We experimentally verify a speckle-based technique for noncontact measurement of glucose concentration in the bloodstream. The final device is intended to be a single wristwatch-style device containing a laser, a camera, and an alternating current (ac) electromagnet generated by a solenoid. The experiments presented are performed in vitro as proof of the concept. When a glucose substance is inserted into a solenoid generating an ac magnetic field, it exhibits Faraday rotation, which affects the temporal changes of the secondary speckle pattern distributions. The temporal frequency resulting from the ac magnetic field was found to have a lock-in amplification role, which increased the observ…

Blood GlucoseOptics and PhotonicsMaterials scienceLightRotationBiomedical EngineeringSolenoid01 natural sciencesMagneto-optic effectlaw.invention010309 opticsBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeSpeckle patternOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesFaraday effectHumansElectromagnetbusiness.industryLasers010401 analytical chemistryLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldMagnetssymbolsAlternating currentbusinessBlood Chemical AnalysisJournal of Biomedical Optics
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Large platelets but not putative endothelial progenitor cells are associated with low strut coverage after drug-eluting stent implantation

2015

Objectives This study assessed whether different subsets of circulating endothelial and putative endothelial progenitor cells (CEC and EPC) correlate with stent strut coverage (SSC) using second generation optical coherence tomography (OCT). Background Due to the lack of imaging modalities with a resolution down to the magnitude of a few cells, the influence of EPC on endothelialisation of drug-eluting stents has not been assessed in patients. Methods In 37 patients, SSC of everolimus-eluting stents was assessed by OCT 5-7months after stent implantation. Different subsets of EPC (CD34(+)KDR(+), CD34(+)KDR(+)CD45(dim), CD133(+), CD3(+)CD31(+)), CEC (CD31(+)CD45(-)CD146(+)), and CD31(+)CD45(-…

Blood PlateletsMaleCD31medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentCD34UrologyFlow cytometryBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationAntigens CDmedicineHumansPlateletEverolimusProgenitor cellAgedEndothelial Progenitor Cellsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryStentDrug-Eluting StentsKinase insert domain receptorMiddle AgedFlow CytometryVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2Drug-eluting stentImmunologycardiovascular systemFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessImmunosuppressive AgentsTomography Optical CoherenceInternational Journal of Cardiology
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Enhancement of SOD activity in boehmite supported nanoreceptors

2018

The binuclear Cu2+ complex of a pyridinophane polyamine ligand ranking amongst the fastest SOD mimetics so far reported displays a remarkable SOD activity enhancement when grafted to the surface of boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) nanoparticles (BNPs).

Boehmite010405 organic chemistryLigandChemistryMetals and AlloysNanoparticleGeneral ChemistryQuímica010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPolyamine
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