Search results for "Optometry"
showing 10 items of 812 documents
Use of Cooking Fuels and Cataract in a Population-Based Study: The India Eye Disease Study.
2015
BACKGROUND: Biomass cooking fuels are commonly used in Indian households, especially by the poorest socioeconomic groups. Cataract is highly prevalent in India and the major cause of vision loss. The evidence on biomass fuels and cataract is limited. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of biomass cooking fuels with cataract and type of cataract. METHODS: We conducted a population-based study in north and south India using randomly sampled clusters to identify people ≥ 60 years old. Participants were interviewed and asked about cooking fuel use, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and attended hospital for digital lens imaging (graded using the Lens Opacity Classification System III), ant…
Contrast sensitivity after refractive lens exchange with a multifocal diffractive aspheric intraocular lens
2013
Purpose: To evaluate distance and near contrast sensitivity (CS) under photopic and mesopic conditions before and after refractive lens exchange (RLE) and implantation of the aspheric AcrySof ReSTOR (SN6AD3 model) intraocular lens (IOL) Methods: Sixty eyes of 30 consecutive patients after RLE underwent bilateral implantation with the aspheric AcrySof ReSTOR IOL. The patients sample was divided into myopic [n=15, mean spherical equivalent (SE) -6.87± 2.03 diopters (D)] and hyperopic (n=15, mean SE +4.52±1.14 D) groups. Monocular uncorrected visual acuity at distance and near (UCVA and UCNVA, respectively) and monocular best corrected visual acuity at distance and near (BCVA and BCNVA, respec…
Lipid and fatty acid profile of the retina, retinal pigment epithelium/choroid, and the lacrimal gland, and associations with adipose tissue fatty ac…
2008
International audience; Accumulation of lipids within Bruch’s membrane (BrM) and between BrM and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) accounts for one of the biological changes associated with normal aging and may contribute to the development of age-related maculopathies. The origin of these lipids is still being actively investigated. The relative contribution of plasma lipids and lipids coming from the neural retina remains a matter of controversy. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) have been reported to significantly participate in the retina’s lipid supply, after active remodeling within RPE. Meanwhile, RPE expresses the enzymatic machinery for synthesizing lipoprotein-like particles. The obj…
Perioperative pupil size in low-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery
2020
Purpose To assess potential changes in pupil size during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) using a low-energy laser system. Methods The pupil sizes of eyes undergoing FLACS were measured using the Ziemer LDV Z8 by extracting images from the laser software after each of the following steps: application of suction, lens fragmentation, and capsulotomy. Furthermore, the pupil diameters were measured based on preoperative surgical microscope images and after releasing the suction. Paired t-test and the two one-sided tests (TOST) procedure were used for statistical analyses. The horizontal and vertical pupil diameters were compared in each of the steps with preoperative values.…
Anisometropia of spherical equivalent and astigmatism among myopes: a 23-year follow-up study of prevalence and changes from childhood to adulthood.
2017
Purpose To study anisometropia of spherical equivalent and astigmatism from the onset of myopia at school age to adulthood. Methods A total of 240 myopic schoolchildren (mean age 10.9 years), with no previous spectacles, were recruited during 1983–1984 to a randomized 3-year clinical trial of bifocal treatment of myopia. Examinations with subjective cyclopedic refraction were repeated 3 years later (follow-up 1) for 238 subjects and thereafter at the mean ages of 23.2 (follow-up 2) and 33.9 years (follow-up 3) for 178 and 134 subjects. After exclusions, the 102 subjects who attended all three follow-ups were included in the analyses. Corneal refractive power and astigmatism and anterior cha…
Topical allopurinol or corticosteroids and acetylcysteine in the early treatment of experimental corneal alkali burns: a pilot study.
2002
PURPOSE. To investigate the effect of topical allopurinol on experimental corneal burns and to compare this to established treatment modalities such as topical prednisolone and acetylcysteine. METHODS. Twenty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=5 each). The groups were controls (normal saline), allopurinol 0.4% eye drops, prednisolone acetate 1% eye drops and acetylcysteine 8% eyedrops. Corneal burn was induced using a 3 mm paper disc soaked in 1N NaOH for 60 seconds. Drops were instilled 6 times per day. In addition, one drop/day ofloxacine was given to prevent secondary infections. Eyes were enucleated 50 hours later and fixed in 4.5% formaldehyde. Three histological leve…
Anterior Segment Biometry and Their Correlation with Corneal Biomechanics in Caucasian Children.
2018
Purpose: To assess the relationship between the corneal biomechanical parameters and the anterior segment parameters in Caucasian children. Methods: This study included 293 eyes from 293 healthy children aged between 6 and 17 years. Corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were evaluated with the Ocular Response Analyzer, axial length (AL) with IOLMaster and the anterior segment with Pentacam. Anterior segment parameters obtained were the following: central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and mean anterior and posterior keratometry. Two multiple linear regression models were constructed to assess th…
Cytokine expression in tears of patients with glaucoma or dry eye disease: A prospective, observational cohort study.
2018
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the expression of cytokines/chemokines in tears from patients with non-advanced primary open-angle glaucoma and patients with non-severe dry eye disease versus healthy controls. Methods: This prospective, observational cohort study enrolled patients with confirmed or suspected non-advanced primary open-angle glaucoma who received any prostaglandin analogue monotherapy for longer than 6 months, patients with non-severe dry eye disease, and healthy controls. Expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and interleukin-12; tumor necrosis factor α; vascular endothelial gro…
New iPAD-based test for the detection of color vision deficiencies.
2018
Purpose: To develop and validate a new iPad-based color vision test (Optopad). Methods: A total of 341 student eyes were enrolled in a first comparative study between Optopad and the Isihara tests. In a second comparative study, Optopad vs. the Farnworth-Munsell test (FM 100H), a total of 66 adult eyes were included. Besides the agreement between tests, the correlation between FM 100H and Optopad outcomes were investigated. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict the total error score (TES) from contrast thresholds measured with the Optopad test. Results: The Ishihara and Optopad tests detected the same anomalous patients. Concerning FM 100H vs. Optopad, 10 subjects were diagnosed …
Effects of multipurpose contact lens solutions on the protein composition of the tear film
2005
Abstract Objectives: To analyze the influence of multipurpose contact lens cleaning solutions on tear proteins. Changes in tear film protein profiles of contact lens wearers who used several marketed brands of multipurpose contact lens care solutions, were assessed by ProteinChip analysis. Methods: Three studies were conducted. Study I was a comparison of Complete and OptiFree multipurpose solutions. Study II was a study with Complete Moisture Plus solution, Study II was a comparison of Renu and Solocare contact lens solutions. Wearers of soft contact lenses were assigned to use the contact lens care solutions for 4 weeks. Non-contact lens wearing patients were used as controls. Tear sample…