Search results for "Optometry"

showing 10 items of 812 documents

Contact lenses: do they really change the opticalperformance?

1996

Abstract In this investigation the quality of two types of optical correction, hydrogel contact lenses and ophthalmic lenses, wascompared by measuring the modulation transferfunction (MTF) of the correcting lens plus visual optics system using an objective method. A merit function was defined in order to allow the direct comparison between the optical performance with the two corrections. A study on 10 subjects was undertaken, measuring the MTF of both corrections by using the double pass method. The results show that the optical quality of contact lenses was higher than that with ophthalmic lenses. The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and visual acuity (VA) were determined as subjective…

PhysicsVisual acuitygenetic structuresbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectOptical correctionObjective methodGeneral Medicineeye diseasesOptical qualitylaw.inventionLens (optics)OphthalmologyOpticsOphthalmic lenseslawMerit functionmedicineContrast (vision)sense organsmedicine.symptombusinessOptometrymedia_commonContact Lens and Anterior Eye
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Repeatability of whole-cornea measurements using a new swept-source optical coherence tomographer

2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of several corneal parameters provided by a high-resolution swept-source optical coherence tomographer (SS-OCT). Methods: One eye from each of 74 patients was measured five times consequently using the ANTERION SS-OCT. The following corneal parameters were analyzed: average, steep and flat keratometry (K), astigmatism for anterior, posterior and total at 3-mm, average K and astigmatism at 6-mm, anterior and posterior eccentricity, higher-order aberrations (HOA) and spherical aberration ([Formula: see text]), and anterior and posterior best-fit sphere at 8-mm. The intrasubject standard deviation (Sw), coefficient of variation (…

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAstigmatismCorneal TopographyReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineRepeatabilityCoherence (statistics)030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRefraction OcularCorneal topographyCornea03 medical and health sciencesOphthalmology0302 clinical medicineOpticsmedicine.anatomical_structureOptical coherence tomographyCornea030221 ophthalmology & optometrymedicineHumansbusinessTomography Optical CoherenceEuropean Journal of Ophthalmology
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Implantable collamer lens and femtosecond laser for myopia: comparison using an adaptive optics visual simulator.

2014

Purpose: To compare optical and visual quality of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (F-LASIK) for myopia. Methods: The CRX1 adaptive optics visual simulator (Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France) was used to simulate the wavefront aberration pattern after the two surgical procedures for -3-diopter (D) and -6-D myopia. Visual acuity at different contrasts and contrast sensitivities at 10, 20, and 25 cycles/degree (cpd) were measured for 3-mm and 5-mm pupils. The modulation transfer function (MTF) and point spread function (PSF) were calculated for 5-mm pupils. Results: F-LASIK MTF was worse than ICL MTF, which was close to diffraction-limited MT…

Point spread functionAdultLaser de excimerPhakic Intraocular LensesVisual acuityVisual acuitymedicine.medical_treatmentKeratomileusis Laser In SituLentes intraoculares; Sensibilidade de contrasteVisual AcuityCeratomileuse assistida por excimer laser in situ/métodosKeratomileusisPhakic intraocular lensMyopia/surgeryPupilKeratomileusis laser in situ/methodsContrast SensitivityYoung Adultlcsh:OphthalmologyLens Implantation IntraocularOptical transfer functionmedicineMyopiaHumansComputer SimulationContrast sensitivityAdaptive opticsSimulationPhysicsLasers excimer/therapeutic useAcuidade visualAberrometryAccommodation OcularGeneral MedicineOphthalmologyTreatment Outcomelcsh:RE1-994Lenses intraocularMiopia/cirurgiaOptometrySpatial frequencymedicine.symptomArquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia
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Myopic astigmatism correction: comparison of a Toric Implantable Collamer Lens and a bioptics technique by an adaptive optics visual simulator.

2013

Purpose To compare the optical and visual quality of a simulated Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (TICL) and a bioptics technique to treat high myopic astigmatism. Methods An adaptive optics visual simulator was used to simulate the vision after TICL implantation and a bioptics procedure from the wavefront aberration pattern for moderate and high-myopic astigmatism. Visual acuity (VA) at different contrasts and contrast sensitivity (CS) at 10, 20 and 25 cycles degree−1 were measured for 3 and 5-mm pupils. Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and Point Spread Function (PSF) were calculated for a 5-mm pupil. Results At a 3-mm pupil we only found statistically significant differences in VA betwee…

Point spread functionAdultMalePhakic Intraocular LensesVisual acuityCorneal Wavefront AberrationAdolescentVisual AcuityAstigmatismPupilContrast SensitivityYoung AdultBioptics (surgery)Lens Implantation IntraocularOptical transfer functionmedicineMyopiaHumansAdaptive opticsSimulationMathematicsAberrometryAstigmatismmedicine.diseaseSensory SystemsOphthalmologyFemaleSpatial frequencymedicine.symptomOptometryOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
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Diffractive corneal inlay for presbyopia

2017

[EN] A conceptually new type of corneal inlays for a customized treatment of presbyopia is presented. The diffractive inlay consists on a small aperture disc having an array of micro-holes distributed inside the open zones of a Fresnel zone plate. In this way, the central hole of the disc lets pass the zero order diffraction and produces an extension of the depth of far focus of the eye, while the diffracted light through the holes in the periphery produce the near focus. Additionally, the micro-holes in the inlay surface fulfill the essential requirement of allowing the flow of nutrients through it to the cells of the corneal stroma. Theoretical and optical-bench experimental results for t…

Point spread functionDiffractionMaterials sciencegenetic structuresCorneal Stromamedicine.medical_treatmentDiffractive lensesVisual AcuityGeneral Physics and AstronomyZone plateProsthesis Design01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.inventionCornea010309 optics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslawcorneaRefractive surgeryCornea0103 physical sciencesmedicineHumansGeneral Materials ScienceRefractive surgerydiffractive lensesintegumentary systemInlaybusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringProstheses and ImplantsPresbyopiaGeneral ChemistryPresbyopiamedicine.diseaseCorneal inlayeye diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureFISICA APLICADArefractive surgery030221 ophthalmology & optometrysense organsbusinessJournal of Biophotonics
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Clinical use of the ocular point spread function for retinal image quality assessment

2008

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the clinical use of the point spread function (PSF) as metric for the assessment of retinal image quality in eyes with different ocular conditions. The PSF was computed from the wavefront aberrations obtained in seven eyes with different ocular conditions: emmetropia, myopia, hyperopia, post-myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), post-hyperopic LASIK, keratoconus, Intacs ® in keratoconus, radial keratotomy (RK), LASIK after RK, cataract, phacoemulsification after cataract surgery, and LASIK after astigmatic keratotomy. The Strehl intensity ratio was calculated for all the PSFs computed. The PSF was correlated with the change in the optical e…

Point spread functionKeratoconusmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentBiomedical EngineeringEmmetropiaLASIKStrehl ratioKeratomileusismedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmologyRadial keratotomyRefractive surgeryOphthalmologyMedicineOptometrysense organsbusinessOptometryExpert Review of Ophthalmology
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Optical Characterization Method for Tilted or Decentered Intraocular Lenses

2016

Purpose To test and validate a method for measuring the optical quality and optical power of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in the presence of a tilt or a decentration as well as its optical power. Methods The experimental system consists of an artificial eye (wet-cell) and a commercial aberrometer with a Shack-Hartmann sensor. Optical image quality parameters such as point spread function (PSF), modulation transfer function (MTF), and the simulations of the retinal image of an extended object are computed from the in vitro wavefront data of an IOL. Repeatability and reproducibility of the system are tested. Mathematical and ray-tracing simulations are used to ascertain the precision a…

Point spread functionOptics and PhotonicsAccuracy and precisionMaterials sciencePseudophakiaOptical powerArtificial Lens Implant Migration01 natural sciences010309 optics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsLens Implantation IntraocularOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencesHumansLenses IntraocularWavefrontReproducibilitybusiness.industryAberrometryReproducibility of ResultsRepeatabilityModels TheoreticalOphthalmologyTilt (optics)030221 ophthalmology & optometrybusinessOptometryOptometry and Vision Science
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Optical and visual quality comparison of implantable Collamer lens and laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia using an adaptive optics visual simula…

2012

Purpose. To compare optical and visual quality of the implantable Collamer lens (ICL) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia. Methods. An adaptive optics visual simulator (CRX1, Imagine Eyes, France) was used to simulate the vision after ICL implantation and LASIK procedure from the wavefront aberration pattern for -3 and -6 D. Monocular visual acuity (VA) at different contrasts and contrast sensitivity (CS) at 10, 20, and 25 cycles/degree (cpd) were measured for 3- and 5-mm pupils. Modulation transfer function (MTF) and point spread function (PSF) were calculated for a 5-mm pupil. Results. The ICL showed a MTF near of diffraction-limited MTF, but the post-LASIK of MTF worsened…

Point spread functionVisual acuityMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentLASIKKeratomileusisGeneral MedicinePupil03 medical and health sciencesOphthalmology0302 clinical medicineOptical transfer function030221 ophthalmology & optometrymedicineOptometrySpatial frequencymedicine.symptomAdaptive optics030217 neurology & neurosurgerySimulationEuropean journal of ophthalmology
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Evaluation of the performance of multifocal intraocular lenses image quality: analysis of the standard methods

2007

Purpose: To analyze the standard methods used to describe intraocular lenses (IOL) and to suggest some improvements to make them applicable for multifocal IOLs. Methods: The EN-ISO standards and the standards of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for the evaluation of the performance of IOLs are tested for multifocal IOLs. The MTF of the one refractive multifocal IOL and two hybrid refractive-diffractive multifocal IOLs is measured for both distance focus and near focus and using different pupil sizes. Results: The average modulation (AM) from 0 to 100 c/mm of multifocal IOLs (for the distance focus) is about 40-50% lower than the AM of monofocal IOLs, for all pupil sizes stud…

Point spread functionbusiness.industryPupil sizeMultifocal intraocular lensStandard methodsPupilOphthalmologyOpticsImage quality analysisIntraocular lensesOptometryMultifocal IOLsMedicinebusinessActa Ophthalmologica Scandinavica
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Large scale international replication and meta-analysis study confirms association of the 15q14 locus with myopia. The CREAM consortium.

2012

Myopia is a complex genetic disorder and a common cause of visual impairment among working age adults. Genome-wide association studies have identified susceptibility loci on chromosomes 15q14 and 15q25 in Caucasian populations of European ancestry. Here, we present a confirmation and meta-analysis study in which we assessed whether these two loci are also associated with myopia in other populations. The study population comprised 31 cohorts from the Consortium of Refractive Error and Myopia (CREAM) representing 4 different continents with 55,177 individuals; 42,845 Caucasians and 12,332 Asians. We performed a meta-analysis of 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 15q14 and 5 SNPs on …

PopulationLocus (genetics)Genome-wide association studySingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMyopiaGeneticsHumansSNPGenetics(clinical)AlleleeducationAllelesGenetics (clinical)Original Investigation030304 developmental biologyGenetic associationGeneticsChromosomes Human Pair 150303 health scienceseducation.field_of_study3. Good healthPhenotype030221 ophthalmology & optometryPopulation studyRE
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