Search results for "Orbital"

showing 10 items of 679 documents

Second order optimality conditions with applications

2007

International audience; The aim of this article is to present the algorithm to compute the first conjugate point along a smooth extremal curve. Under generic assump- tions, the tra jectory ceases to be optimal at such a point. An implementation of this algorithm, called cotcot, is available online and based on recent devel- opments in geometric optimal control. It is applied to analyze the averaged optimal transfer of a satellite between elliptic orbits.

conjugate points[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]time optimal control49K15 70Q05Orbital transfer[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC][MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Riemannian systems with drift
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Second order optimality conditions in optimal control with applications

2006

The aim of this article is to present the algorithm to compute the first conjugate point along a smooth extremal curve. Under generic assumptions, the trajectory ceases to be optimal at such a point. An implementation of this algorithm, called \texttt{cotcot}, is available online and based on recent developments in geometric optimal control. It is applied to analyze the averaged optimal transfer of a satellite between elliptic orbits.

conjugate points[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]time optimal control49K15 70Q05orbital transfer[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC][MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Riemannian systems with drift
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BaCoO3 monoclinic structure and chemical bonding analysis: hybrid DFT calculations

2021

Cobalt based perovskites have great potential for numerous applications. Contrary to a generally assumed hexagonal space group (SG P63/mmc) model as the ground state of BaCoO3 (BCO), our hybrid DFT calculations with B1WC density functional and the symmetry group–subgroup derived crystal structure model support the ground state of BCO to be indeed monoclinic, in agreement with recent experimental predictions [Chin et al., Phys. Rev. B, 2019, 100, 205139]. We found for the monoclinic BCO that the C-type anti-ferromagnetic low-spin (AFM LS) state (SG P2/c) is energetically only slightly more preferential at 0 K than the ferromagnetic (FM) LS state (SG C2/c). In turn, these monoclinic structure…

education.field_of_studyMaterials sciencePopulationGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyOrbital overlapCrystal structure010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyChemical bondDensity of statesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyeducationGround stateMonoclinic crystal systemPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Understanding the stereo- and regioselectivities of the polar Diels-Alder reactions between 2-acetyl-1,4-benzoquinone and methyl substituted 1,3-buta…

2009

The polar Diels–Alder (DA) reactions of 2-acetyl-1,4-benzoquinone (acBQ) with methyl substituted 1,3-butadienes have been studied using DFT methods at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. These reactions are characterized by a nucleophilic attack of the unsubstituted ends of the 1,3-dienes to the β conjugated position of the acBQ followed by ring-closure. The reactions present a total regioselectivity and large endo selectivity. The analysis based on the global electrophilicity of the reagents at the ground state, and the natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis at the transition states correctly explain the polar nature of these cycloadditions. The large electrophilic character of acB…

education.field_of_studyStereochemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryPopulationRegioselectivityMedicinal chemistryTransition state14-Benzoquinonechemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophileElectrophilePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySelectivityeducationNatural bond orbitalJournal of Physical Organic Chemistry
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First-principles calculations on surface hydroxyl impurities in BaF2

2012

Abstract OH − impurities located near the (1 1 1) BaF 2 surface have been studied by using density functional theory (DFT) with hybrid exchange potentials, namely DFT-B3PW. Twenty surface OH − configurations were studied, and the hydroxyls located on the first surface layer are the energetically most favorable configurations. For the (1 1 1) BaF 2 surface atomic layers, the surface hydroxyls lead to a remarkable XY -translation and a dilating effect in the Z -direction, overcoming the surface shrinking effect in the perfect slab. Bond population analysis shows that the surface effect strengthens the covalency of surface OH − impurities. The studies on band structures and density of states (…

education.field_of_studyValence (chemistry)General Computer ScienceChemistryPopulationGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureComputational MathematicsCrystallographyAtomic orbitalMechanics of MaterialsImpurityComputational chemistryDensity of statesGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theorySurface layereducationComputational Materials Science
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The Importance of Electronic Dimensionality in Multiorbital Radical Conductors

2019

The exceptional performance of oxobenzene-bridged bis-1,2,3-dithiazolyls 6 as single-component neutral radical conductors arises from the presence of a low-lying π-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, which reduces the potential barrier to charge transport and increases the kinetic stabilization energy of the metallic state. As part of ongoing efforts to modify the solid-state structures and transport properties of these so-called multiorbital materials, we report the preparation and characterization of the acetoxy, methoxy, and thiomethyl derivatives 6 (R = OAc, OMe, SMe). The crystal structures are based on ribbonlike arrays of radicals laced together by S···N′ and S···O′ secondary bondin…

electronic dimensionalitymultiorbital radical conductorsvapaat radikaalitkiteetsähkönjohtavuus
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Teprotumumab reduces extraocular muscle and orbital fat volume in thyroid eye disease

2020

PurposeThyroid eye disease (TED) is a progressive, debilitating and potentially vision-threatening autoimmune disease. Teprotumumab, a novel human monoclonal antibody, has been shown to reverse the clinical manifestations of TED. Patients receiving teprotumumab have been shown in two multicenter, randomized placebo-controlled trials to have decreased proptosis, diplopia and inflammation after 24 weeks of treatment. This study aims to analyse volumetric and inflammatory changes on orbital imaging prior to and after teprotumumab treatment from one of these trials.DesignRetrospective review.SubjectsSix patients enrolled in the phase III teprotumumab clinical trial (OPTIC, NCT03298867) with act…

genetic structuresEye disease030209 endocrinology & metabolismAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedExtraocular muscles03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineOrbital fatmedicineHumansInflammationAutoimmune diseaseDiplopiabusiness.industryTeprotumumabThyroidmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsGraves OphthalmopathyOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureOculomotor Muscles030221 ophthalmology & optometrysense organsmedicine.symptomNuclear medicinebusinessOrbitOrbit (anatomy)medicine.drugBritish Journal of Ophthalmology
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Orbitally modulated black shale deposition in the upper Albian Amadeus Segment (central Italy): a multi-proxy reconstruction

2003

Abstract The upper Albian Amadeus Segment, which falls within Oceanic Anoxic Event 1c, exhibits cyclical alternations of marls/black shales and carbonate-rich beds that record evidence of orbital climate and sedimentary dynamics. A combined micropalaeontological (planktic and benthic foraminifera, and palynomorphs) and geochemical (stable isotopes, clay mineralogy, and major element distribution) investigation allowed recognition of a remarkable influence of continental material within the black shales. Moreover, the palaeoproductivity record is characterised by a non-linear response to the orbital forcing. The micropalaeontological and geochemical record suggests that upper Albian bedded c…

geographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryOrbital forcingbiologyDrainage basinPaleontologyOceanographybiology.organism_classificationNeogeneForaminiferaPaleontologyWater columnBenthic zoneMarlSedimentary rockEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeologyEarth-Surface Processes
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From Mono- to Poly-Substituted Frameworks: A Way of Tuning the Acidic Character of C-c-H in o-Carborane Derivatives

2009

[EN] The incorporation of iodine atoms onto the boron vertices of the o-carborane framework causes, according to spectroscopic data, a uniform increase in the acidic character of the C-c-H (C-c= cluster carbon) vertices, whereas the incorporation of methyl groups onto the boron vertices of the o-carborane framework reduces their acidity. Methyl groups when attached to boron are electron-withdrawing in boron clusters, whereas iodine atoms bonded to boron act as electron donors. This has been proven on B-methyl and B-iodinated o-carboranes with NMR spectroscopy measurements and DFT calculations of natural bond orbital (NBO) charges. which show a Cumulative buildup of positive cluster only tot…

inorganic chemicalsNatural bond orbital chargesInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectron010402 general chemistryIodine01 natural sciencesCatalysisQUIMICA ANALITICACluster (physics)BoronCarboranesBoron010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyDensity functional calculationschemistryCarboraneCarbonNatural bond orbitalIodine
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Predicting the activity of single isolated Lewis acid sites in solid catalysts.

2006

An experimental study of the activity of Ti-, Zr- and Sn-beta catalysts in different types of oxidation reactions is combined with a quantum-chemical analysis of the electronic properties of the active sites and the adsorbed reactants. The differences observed in the catalytic behaviour of the three materials are explained in terms of the molecular orbital distribution of each system. The intrinsic Lewis acid strength of the isolated active site, the degree of back-donation from the catalyst to the empty orbitals of the organic reactant and the net atomic charges on selected atoms are proposed as predictors of reactivity.

inorganic chemicalsbiologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryActive siteGeneral ChemistryRedoxCatalysisCatalysisAdsorptionAtomic orbitalbiology.proteinMolecular orbitalReactivity (chemistry)Lewis acids and basesChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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