Search results for "Orchard"

showing 10 items of 104 documents

Pomegranate Cultivation in Mediterranean Climate: Plant Adaptation and Fruit Quality of ‘Mollar de Elche’ and ‘Wonderful’ Cultivars

2021

Two pomegranate cultivars, Mollar de Elche, native to Spain, and Wonderful, the most widely cultivated pomegranate variety in the world, were studied in a commercial orchard in Sicily, and their phenological behavior was compared. During the development of the fruit, their dimensional growth was monitored, and after harvest, physicochemical and sensory analyses were carried out to highlight the differences between fruit of the two cultivars. Results showed that Mollar de Elche fruit require less time from flowering to fruit maturity, resulting in an earlier harvest, which was due also to a higher relative growth rate of the fruit&rsquo

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climateCrop phenologyBiology01 natural sciencesSensory analysislcsh:Agriculturepomegranate0404 agricultural biotechnologyArilRelative growth rateCultivarMollar de ElchePunica granatumPhenologyfruit qualitylcsh:S04 agricultural and veterinary sciencescrop phenology040401 food scienceSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticulture<i>Punica granatum</i>OrchardAgronomy and Crop Science010606 plant biology & botanyAgronomy
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Sustainability of pistachio production (Pistacia vera L.) under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean climate

2018

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the effects of supplemental micro-irrigation, in a commercial rainfed orchard, on tree water status, gas exchange and productivity of Pistacia vera L. (cv Bianca) grafted on P. terebinthus. Irrigating with 10–15% of estimated full evaporative demand significantly increased average annual productivity by increasing yield in the on-crop year of this alternate bearing species. Irrigation increased yield by 30%, resulting in 1600 kg of in-shell product per ha. Irrigation delayed leaf senescence while flower bud abscission was not reduced until the third year of experiment. Irrigation did not improve gas exchange during Stage I (pericarp growth…

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climateYieldStomatal conductanceIrrigationStem water potentialHorticulture01 natural sciencesCropAbscissionGas exchangePistaciabiologyPhenology04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classificationSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeSplittingPhenologyAgronomyWater saving040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceOrchard010606 plant biology & botanyScientia Horticulturae
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Fruit Growth Stage Transitions in Two Mango Cultivars Grown in a Mediterranean Environment

2021

Studying mango (Mangifera&nbsp

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climatecell divisionVapour Pressure DeficitVPD<i>Mangifera</i> <i>indica</i>Fruit developmentMangifera indicaPlant ScienceBiology01 natural sciencesArticleCell division Cell expansion Fruit development Fruit gauge Mangifera indica Ripening VPDGrowth rateCultivarEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcologyBotanyXylemRipening04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesripeningSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticultureQK1-989040103 agronomy & agriculturefruit gauge0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesfruit developmentOrchardcell expansion010606 plant biology & botanyPlants
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EFFECTIVENESS OF SPINOSAD AND MINERAL OIL BASED COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS ON OVIPOSITION AND EGG HATCHING OF GRAPHOLITA FUNEBRANA TREITSCHKE

2018

Laboratory trials were performed to evaluate the action of spinosad and mineral oil on eggs of Grapholita funebrana Treitschke, the key pest in plum orchards. Fruits of cultivars Angeleno, President and Stanley were used in the trials. The first set of tests was carried out by introducing two mated females of G. funebrana into a cage together with fruits of a single cultivar. The second set of trials tested the three cultivars simultaneously. In all trials, one third of the fruits of each cultivar was treated with mineral oil, another third with spinosad and the final third was left untreated. Treatments were carried out before introducing mated females into the cages. The number of fruits …

0106 biological sciencesTortricidaeGrapholita funebranaOvipositionSpinosad01 natural sciencesLepidoptera genitaliaTortricidaemedicineEgg hatchingCultivarMineral oilPlum mothbiologySettore SECS-S/02 - Statistica Per La Ricerca Sperimentale E TecnologicaHatchingfungiOrganic plum orchardfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationLepidoptera010602 entomologyHorticultureSettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E ApplicataAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)PEST analysisGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences010606 plant biology & botanymedicine.drugRedia
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Food Quality, Sensory Attributes and Nutraceutical Value of Fresh “Osteen” Mango Fruit Grown under Mediterranean Subtropical Climate Compared to Impo…

2020

Mango is a fruit with a very short shelf-life due to its rapid ripeness after harvest

0106 biological sciencesquality attributesPlant ScienceBiologyRipeness01 natural sciencesSensory analysissensory analysis0404 agricultural biotechnologyNutraceuticalSettore BIO/10 - Biochimicalcsh:Agriculture (General)bioactive compoundsFleshMangifera indicafood and beveragesQuality attribute04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food sciencelcsh:S1-972Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeB vitaminsHorticulture<i>Mangifera indica</i>PostharvestBioactive compoundItalian mango productionOrchardFood qualityAgronomy and Crop Science010606 plant biology & botanyFood ScienceAgriculture
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Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses

2021

The objective of fully mechanizing olive harvesting has been pursued since the 1970s to cope with labor shortages and increasing production costs. Only in the last twenty years, after adopting super-intensive planting systems and developing appropriate straddle machines, a solution seems to have been found. The spread of super-intensive plantings, however, raises serious environmental and social concerns, mainly because of the small number of cultivars that are currently used (basically 2), compared to over 100 cultivars today cultivated on a large scale across the world. Olive growing, indeed, insists on over 11 million hectares. Despite its being located mostly in the Mediterranean countr…

0106 biological sciencessuper-intensive planting systemExploitEmerging technologiesAgriculture (General)pedestrian orchardtraining formEconomic shortagePlant Science01 natural scienceslight interceptionS1-972StraddleCultivarOlea europaeaAgroforestrySowing04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeGeography040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries<i>Olea europaea</i>Agronomy and Crop SciencePruningStrengths and weaknesses010606 plant biology & botanyFood Science
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Fine-scale spatial genetic structure analysis of the black truffle T uber aestivum and its link to aroma variability

2015

Truffles are symbiotic fungi in high demand by food connoisseurs. Improving yield and product quality requires a better understanding of truffle genetics and aroma biosynthesis. One aim here was to investigate the diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic structure of the Burgundy truffle Tuber aestivum. The second aim was to assess how genetic structuring along with fruiting body maturation and geographical origin influenced single constituents of truffle aroma. A total of 39 Burgundy truffles collected in two orchards were characterized in terms of aroma profile (SPME-GC/MS) and genotype (microsatellites). A moderate genetic differentiation was observed between the populations of the two o…

2. Zero hunger0106 biological sciences0303 health sciencesTrufflefood and beverages15. Life on landBiologybiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesYield (wine)Tuber aestivumGenotypeGenetic structureBotanyMicrosatelliteOrchardEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsAroma030304 developmental biologyEnvironmental Microbiology
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Predicting soil and plant water status dynamic in olive orchards under different irrigation systems with Hydrus-2D: Model performance and scenario an…

2018

The paper analyzes the performance of Hydrus-2D model to simulate the dynamic of soil water contents and transpiration fluxes in an olive orchard in which two different irrigation systems were used in 2011 and 2012. The relationship between measured midday stem water potential, MSWP, and simulated relative transpiration (ratio between simulated actual and maximum crop transpiration), Ks, was also identified with the aim to use the model for crop water status predictions. Finally, a scenario analysis was carried out for irrigation management purposes, by considering the level of crop water stress achieved in the different phases of the vegetative growth. The results evidenced that active roo…

Actual evapotranspirationHydrusIrrigationVegetative reproductionWater stress0208 environmental biotechnologyMidday stem water potentialSoil Science02 engineering and technologyCropWater streIrrigation managementTranspirationWater Science and TechnologyEarth-Surface ProcessesActual evapotranspiration; Hydrus-2D; Midday stem water potential; Olive tree; Water stress; Agronomy and Crop Science; Water Science and Technology; Soil Science; Earth-Surface ProcessesHydrus-2D04 agricultural and veterinary sciences020801 environmental engineeringAgronomySoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceOrchardOlive treeAgronomy and Crop Science
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Transpiration and Water Use of an Irrigated Traditional Olive Grove with Sap-Flow Observations and the FAO56 Dual Crop Coefficient Approach

2021

The SIMDualKc model was applied to evaluate the crop water use and the crop coefficient (Kc) of an irrigated olive grove (Olea europaea L.) located in Sicily, Italy, using experimental data collected from two crop seasons. The model applies the FAO56 dual Kc approach to compute the actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc act) and its components, i.e., the actual tree transpiration (Tc act), obtained through the basal crop coefficient (Kcb), and soil evaporation according to an evaporation coefficient (Ke). Model calibration was performed by minimizing the difference between the predicted Tc act and the observed daily tree transpiration measured with sap flow instrumentation (TSF field) acquired…

Actual transpiration; Fraction of ground cover; K; cb; from cover fraction and height; Orchard water balance; Sap flow; Soil evaporation; Standard basal crop coefficientStandard basal crop coefficientFraction of ground coverK<sub>cb</sub> from cover fraction and heightGeography Planning and DevelopmentDeficit irrigationAquatic Sciencefrom cover fraction and heightBiochemistryactual transpirationWater balancesap flowSap flowLinear regressionSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestalisoil evaporationKcb from cover fraction and heightIrrigation managementTD201-500Water Science and TechnologyTranspirationHydrologyActual transpirationWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesIrrigation schedulingActual transpiration Kcb from cover fraction and height soil evaporation Sap flow water balance Standard basal crop coefficientHydraulic engineeringKcbCrop coefficientfraction of ground coverOrchard water balanceEnvironmental sciencestandard basal crop coefficientTC1-978Soil evaporationWater useorchard water balance
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Design, Manufacturing, and Strength Test of a 4-post ROPS Fitted on a Very Low-Profile Tractor (TRACLAS Project)

2022

To improve the safety level when agricultural tractors work on slope under canopy, INAIL (the Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work) funded a research project, named TRACLAS, devoted to set-up a prototype of low-profile compact tractor, not exceeding 1.60 m overall height, equipped with a 4-post ROPS (RollOver Protective Structure). After the complete set-up of the prototype, some field and lab tests were carried out to compare its performance with those of some comparable tractor models already on the market, used in vineyards, orchards and greenhouses. A basic step of the TRACLAS project was the execution of the strength test of the customized 4-post frame (th…

Agricultural work safetySettore AGR/09 - Meccanica AgrariaTractor overturningOrchard and greenhouseVineyardRoll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS)
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