Search results for "Oviduct"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
Extracellular Vesicles in Human Reproduction in Health and Disease.
2017
Extensive evidence suggests that the release of membrane-enclosed compartments, more commonly known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), is a potent newly identified mechanism of cell-to-cell communication both in normal physiology and in pathological conditions. This review presents evidence about the formation and release of different EVs, their definitive markers and cargo content in reproductive physiological processes, and their capacity to convey information between cells through the transfer of functional protein and genetic information to alter phenotype and function of recipient cells associated with reproductive biology. In the male reproductive tract, epididymosomes and prostasomes p…
Non-neuronal acetylcholine involved in reproduction in mammals and honeybees.
2017
Bacteria and archaea synthesize acetylcholine (ACh). Thus, it can be postulated that ACh was created by nature roughly three billion years ago. Therefore, the wide expression of ACh in nature (i.e., in bacteria, archaea, unicellular organisms, plants, fungi, non-vertebrates and vertebrates and in the abundance of non-neuronal cells of mammals) is not surprising. The term non-neuronal ACh and non-neuronal cholinergic system have been introduced to describe the auto- and paracrine, that is, local regulatory actions of ACh in cells not innervated by neuronal cholinergic fibers and to communicate among themselves. In this way non-neuronal ACh binds to the nicotinic or muscarinic receptors expre…
Differential polyadenylation pattern of ovalbumin precursor RNAs during development.
1986
The expression of the ovalbumin gene encoding for the major hen oviduct protein slows down with age. Analysis of Northern blots of electrophoretically separated total and poly(A) + RNA from oviducts of hens of different age with an ovalbumin-specific probe (nick-translated 9.5 kb ovalbumin gene DNA cloned into pBR322) revealed that the largest high molecular weight ovalbumin RNA precursor (7.9 kb band, representing the putative primary transcript of the ovalbumin gene) was most intense if total RNA from non-egg-laying old hen oviduct was checked as compared to that from egg-laying mature animals. On the other side, the 7.9 kb RNA precursor band was readily detected in the poly(A) + RNA from…
Endoribonuclease IV. A poly(A)-specific ribonuclease from chick oviduct. 1. Purification of the enzyme.
1976
A new endoribonuclease, termed endoribonuclease IV, has been described. This enzyme has been isolated from chick oviducts and purified 15 000-fold in a 25% yield nearly to homogeneity. The nuclease, which specifically degrades poly(A), forms oligonucleotides of an average chain length of 10. These (A)-10 fragments are terminated by 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate groups. The enzyme has a pH optimum at 8.7, requires Mn2+ or Mg2+ as a cofactor, and has a molecular weight of about 45 000.
Oral antioxidants counteract the negative effects of female aging on oocyte quantity and quality in the mouse
2002
This study aims to compare the effect of early and late onset administration of oral antioxidants on number and quality of oocytes retrieved from aged mice after exogenous ovarian stimulation. Control hybrid females were fed a standard diet supplemented or not supplemented with pharmacological doses of vitamins C and E either from the first day of weaning or from the age of 32 weeks until they were autopsied at the age 40-42, 50-52, or 57-62 weeks after exogenous ovarian stimulation. Analysis of chromosomal distribution, DNA organization and cellular morphology was performed in ovulated cumulus-enclosed and -free oocytes, ovarian non-germinal vesicle oocytes enclosed by or free of mucous cu…
Oviductal and endometrial mRNA expression of implantation candidate biomarkers during early pregnancy in rabbit
2013
[EN] Prenatal losses are a complex problem. Pregnancy requires orchestrated communication between the embryo and the uterus that includes secretions from the embryo to signal pregnancy recognition and secretion and remodelling from the uterine epithelium. Most of these losses are characterized by asynchronization between embryo and uterus. To better understand possible causes, an analysis was conducted of gene expression of a set of transcripts related to maternal recognition and establishment of rabbit pregnancy (uteroglobin, SCGB1A1; integrin 1, ITGA1; interferon- , IFNG; vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) in oviduct and uterine tissue at 16, 72 or 144 h post-ovulation and insemina…
Postovulatory Aging of Oocytes Decreases Reproductive Fitness and Longevity of Offspring1
2002
We analyzed the long-term effects of postovulatory aging of mouse oocytes on reproductive fitness and longevity of offspring. Hybrid (C57BL/6JIco 3 CBA/JIco) parental generation (F0) females were artificially inseminated at 13 h (;1 h postovulation) or 22 h (;10 h postovulation) after GnRH injection. Reproductive fitness of first generation (F1) females was tested from the age of 28 wk until the end of their reproductive life. In males, the testing period ranged from the age of 2 yr until their natural death. Experimental F1 females exhibited longer between-labor intervals, decreased frequency of litters, and lower total number of litters and offspring born. Experimental second generation (…
Cytochalasin B selectively releases ovalbumin mRNA precursors but not the mature ovalbumin mRNA from hen oviduct nuclear matrix
1987
Hen oviduct nuclear matrix-bound mature ovalbumin mRNA is released from the matrix in the presence of ATP, while the ovalbumin mRNA precursors remain bound to this structure. Detachment of the mature mRNA from the matrix by ATP as well as ATP-dependent efflux of mRNA from isolated nuclei were found to be inhibited by cytochalasin B. On the other hand, in the absence of ATP, cytochalasin B exclusively caused the release (and nucleocytoplasmic efflux) of the ovalbumin messenger precursors, but not of the mature mRNA. After cytochalasin B treatment, actin could be detected in the matrix supernatant. Phalloidin which stabilizes actin filaments did not cause RNA liberation in the absence of ATP,…
Ecdysteroid-dependent larval-adult oviduct transformation in the milkweed bugOncopeltus fasciatus requires absence of juvenile hormone
1987
It has been tested whether juvenile hormone plays a role in the larval-adult transformation of lateral oviducts in the milkweed bug. The transformation is ecdysteroid-dependent, as was reported previously2. Application of precocene or juvenile hormone III proved that the absence of juvenile hormone is required.
Alteration of poly (ADP-Rib) synthesis during progesterone- caused gene expression in oviducts of quails.
1976
Summary The biological model of the selective induction of RNA synthesis in oviducts of estrogen stimulated immature quails by progesterone has been used to clarify whether poly (ADP-Rib) is involved in DNA transcription. The chromatin-bound as well as the soluble poly (ADP-Rib) polymerase has been isolated from oviducts and the optimal reaction conditions have been determined. The activities, as measured by the incorporation rates of NAD + into poly (ADP-Rib), of both, chromatin-bound « endogenouspolymerase (in the absence of « exogenousDNA and histones) and soluble enzyme (native DNA - lysine-rich histone ratio: 4.3) from progesterone treated quail oviducts, have been determined to be onl…