Search results for "PAB"

showing 10 items of 372 documents

Is it wrong to deliberately conceive or give birth to a child with mental retardation?

2002

This paper discusses the issues of deciding to have a child with mental retardation, and of terminating a pregnancy when the future child is known to have the same disability. I discuss these problems by criticizing a utilitarian argument, namely, that one should act in a way that results in less suffering and less limited opportunity in the world. My argument is that future parents ought to assume a strong responsibility towards the well-being of their prospective children when they decide to reproduce. The moral point in cases in which our acts affect the well-being of future children should be expressed strictly in terms of parents' culpability. Future children thus do not have current m…

MaleMoral ObligationsParentsHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticeWrongful LifeAbortionArgumentPregnancyIntellectual DisabilityEugenicsmedicineWrongful lifeHumansSociologyBioethical IssuesGenetic TestingChildPhilosophical methodologySocial ResponsibilityGeneral MedicineMental illnessmedicine.diseasehumanitiesDisabled ChildrenPhilosophyIssues ethics and legal aspectsFemaleEthical TheorySocial responsibilitySocial psychologyAbortion EugenicCulpabilityThe Journal of medicine and philosophy
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Management of undescended testes: European Association of Urology/European Society for Paediatric Urology Guidelines.

2016

Summary Context Undescended testis is the most common endocrinological disease in the male newborn period. Incidence varies between 1.0% and 4.6% in full-term neonates, with rates as high as 45% in preterm neonates. Failure or delay of treatment can result in reduced fertility and/or increased testicular cancer risk in adulthood. Objective To provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of boys with undescended testes which reduce the risk of impaired fertility and testicular cancer in adulthood. Evidence acquisition Embase and Pubmed were searched for all relevant publications, from 1990 to 2015 limited to English language. Data were narratively synthesized in light of methodolo…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyBOYSNONPALPABLE TESTISUrologymedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatment030232 urology & nephrologyMEDLINEUrologyFertilityContext (language use)CRYPTORCHID TESTISCHILDRENDiseaseOrchidopexy03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPINTesticular cancerTESTICULAR DESCENT030225 pediatricsCryptorchidismmedicineHumansOrchiopexyTesticular cancermedia_commonGONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONEFERTILITY INDEXbusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Infantmedicine.diseaseFertilityUndescended testisPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthSURGICAL-MANAGEMENTHormonal therapybusinessORCHIOPEXYJournal of pediatric urology
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Impaired Vitamin D Signaling in Endothelial Cell Leads to an Enhanced Leukocyte-Endothelium Interplay: Implications for Atherosclerosis Development

2015

Endothelial cell activation leading to leukocyte recruitment and adhesion plays an essential role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Vitamin D has cardioprotective actions, while its deficiency is a risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular damage. Our aim was to assess the role of basal levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) on the early leukocyte recruitment and related endothelial cell-adhesion-molecule expression, as essential prerequisites for the onset of atherosclerosis. Knockdown of VDR in endothelial cells (shVDR) led to endothelial cell activation, characterized by upregulation of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and IL-6, decreased peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) ro…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumMedicinalcsh:MedicineDown-RegulationVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1InflammationCell CommunicationBiologyCalcitriol receptorCell LineEndothelial activationMiceEndothelial cellNF-KappaB Inhibitor alphaInternal medicineCell AdhesionmedicineAnimalsHumansMacrophageEndotheliumVitamin Dlcsh:ScienceCell adhesionMultidisciplinaryInterleukin-6lcsh:RNF-kappa BEndothelial CellsAtherosclerosisIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Plaque AtheroscleroticUp-RegulationMice Inbred C57BLEndothelial stem cellIκBαmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyLeukocytes MononuclearReceptors Calcitriollcsh:QFemaleI-kappa B Proteinslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptomSignal TransductionResearch ArticlePLOS ONE
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L’inclusione vista dagli alunni: costruzione e validazione del questionario per rilevare la qualità inclusiva della scuola

2018

Molti studi nazionali e internazionali si sono concentrati sulla valutazione e sulla promozione della qualità inclusiva della scuola. Si tratta di un argomento complesso, che ha stimolato un ampio dibattito e una varietà di contributi che mettono in luce la necessità di uno strumento in grado di misurare la qualità inclusiva delle nostre scuole, per determinare l’evidenza empirica riguardo a questo tema. L’articolo presenta i risultati di una sperimentazione finalizzata alla redazione di un questionario per la rilevazione della qualità inclusiva del sistema scolastico percepita dagli alunni. Il questionario si pone come uno strumento di valutazione e autovalutazione che permette la misurazi…

Many national and international studies have concentrated on the evaluation and promotion of the inclusive qualities of schools. It is a complex issue which has led to wide debate and a variety of contributions which in turn highlight the need for a tool capable of measuring the inclusive quality of our schools in order to determine the empirical evidence regarding this topic. This article presents the results of an experiment in drafting a questionnaire in order to measure the inclusive quality of the school system perceived by its pupils. The questionnaire is intended as an evaluation and selfevaluation tool that enables the inclusive quality generated by the context to be measured as it is perceived by pupils. At the same time the tool allows reflection processes amongst teachers to be promoted so that they can implement educational activities which contribute to the planning and control of inclusive teaching practices. This contribution puts forward an original tool for measuring the inclusive quality of the school system perceived by pupils attending primary school in several Sicilian towns. It was administered in its definitive version to a sample of 1652 children. The psychometric properties of the tool and the significance it can hold in the areas of planning in research and of educational design are presented in this paper.Settore M-PED/03 - Didattica E Pedagogia Speciale
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Does incremental and radical innovation performance depend on different types of knowledge accumulation capabilities and organizational size?

2016

While prior studies recognize the importance of knowledge accumulation capabilities in innovation performance, current research has still failed to empirically identify its role with regard to different types of innovation performance. The objective of this paper is to address this knowledge gap and to explore the relationships between internal knowledge creation and absorptive capabilities, and incremental and radical innovation performance. The study also contributes to analyzing the complex effect that organizational size has in the whole innovation process, influencing its antecedents (internal knowledge creation capability and absorptive capability) as well as its outputs (incremental …

MarketingAbsorptive capabilityDescriptive knowledgeKnowledge managementbusiness.industry05 social sciencesInnovation processKnowledge creationSizeRadical innovation performance0502 economics and businessOrganizational sizeInternal knowledge creation capability050211 marketingBusinessMarketing050203 business & managementIncremental innovation performance
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Bibliometric analysis of absorptive capacity

2017

Abstract This study contributes to our understanding of absorptive capacity (AC) by reviewing AC articles systematically using two types of blibliometric co-citation analysis – bibliometric co-citation and bibliometric cartography – for the last 25 years. In total, we analyzed 336 articles (using HistCite ) and 2088 articles (using VOSviewer ), respectively, finding five research streams in AC: (1) intra-organizational learning; (2) inter-organizational learning; (3) knowledge transfer; (4) dynamic capability; and (5) micro-foundations. This integrative literature review of AC adds to the categorization of the literature, links the international business research to AC, and provides promisi…

MarketingBibliometric analysisbusiness.industryComputer science05 social sciencesResearch streamData scienceCo-citationCategorizationAbsorptive capacity0502 economics and businessOrganizational learning050211 marketingBusiness and International ManagementDynamic capabilitiesbusinessKnowledge transfer050203 business & managementFinanceInternational Business Review
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Entrepreneurial orientation and export intensity: Examining the interplay of organizational learning and innovation

2015

Nowadays how to be a successful exporter has reach great importance. Some studies on the entrepreneurial orientation literature highlights the attitude of the manager to make risky strategies such as strategies toward exports. But might the CEO's attitude toward entrepreneurship be sufficient to achieve greater SMEs export performance? Through an analysis of a database of Spanish and Italian SMEs, we find that entrepreneurial orientation is a managerial attitude that enhances exports when managers also make efforts in organizational learning and innovation. Being entrepreneurially oriented is important, but it might not be sufficient for increasing export performance if the company is not a…

MarketingEntrepreneurshipComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSIONbusiness.industryEntrepreneurial orientationExport performanceEntrepreneurial orientationExport intensityOrganizational learningOrganizational learning capabilityBusinessBusiness and International ManagementMarketingInnovationFinanceInternational Business Review
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Integrating embeddedness with dynamic capabilities in the internationalisation of fashion retailers

2018

Abstract The paper presents an integration of the theoretical approaches of embeddedness and dynamic capabilities. Based on in-depth interviews with key informants of international fashion retail companies we show that dynamic capabilities enhance different types of embeddedness at different levels. Generic dynamic capabilities of adaptability and knowledge management play a role as they affect retailer-specific capabilities and societal, network and territorial forms of embeddedness. Integrating the two theoretical approaches provides new and deeper understanding of the nature of retail internationalization.

MarketingKnowledge managementEmbeddednessbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesAffect (psychology)AdaptabilityInternationalizationKey informants0502 economics and business050211 marketingBusinessBusiness and International ManagementDynamic capabilities050203 business & managementFinancemedia_commonInternational Business Review
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Exploring the role of knowledge management practices on exports: A dynamic capabilities view

2014

Abstract Drawing on dynamic capabilities view, this work provides empirical evidence on the role of knowledge management practices on export intensity in SMEs in a mature and global, non-high-tech industry. A quantitative study with structural equation modeling was carried out on a sample of 157 Spanish and Italian manufacturing companies in the ceramic tile industry. Our results suggest the existence of a mediating effect of dynamic capabilities on exports, hence the implementation of knowledge management practices is a necessary but not sufficient condition to improve exporting, requiring the existence of dynamic capabilities to reconfigure these capabilities. Findings highlight the relev…

MarketingKnowledge managementWork (electrical)business.industrySample (statistics)Relevance (information retrieval)BusinessBusiness and International ManagementDynamic capabilitiesEmpirical evidenceFinanceStructural equation modelingInternational Business Review
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Pouring new wine into old bottles: A dynamic perspective of the interplay among environmental dynamism, capabilities development, and performance

2022

In order to face increased environmental dynamism (ED), firms are increasingly called on to leverage deliberate learning processes that make dynamic capabilities emerge in a path-dependent way from the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Moreover, to mitigate the effect that ED can play in eroding a firm's capabilities and subsequently its performance, managers need to effectively align short- and long-term strategies, which in the literature have been addressed as ‘capability traps’. Although these two processes are strictly interrelated, to date they have been treated in quite an isolated way and usually through the development of linear approaches. To fill this gap, leve…

MarketingKnowledge-based viewDynamic capabilitiesDynamic capabilitieEnvironmental dynamismSystem dynamicOrganisational learningSystem dynamics
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