Search results for "PARTICLES"

showing 10 items of 8085 documents

EVpedia: a community web portal for extracellular vesicles research

2014

Abstract Motivation: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical bilayered proteolipids, harboring various bioactive molecules. Due to the complexity of the vesicular nomenclatures and components, online searches for EV-related publications and vesicular components are currently challenging. Results: We present an improved version of EVpedia, a public database for EVs research. This community web portal contains a database of publications and vesicular components, identification of orthologous vesicular components, bioinformatic tools and a personalized function. EVpedia includes 6879 publications, 172 080 vesicular components from 263 high-throughput datasets, and has been accessed more tha…

Biomedical ResearchDatabases FactualComputer scienceBioactive moleculesMedizinBioinformaticsBiochemistryMathematical SciencesUser-Computer InterfaceNon-U.S. Gov'tdatabasecomputer.programming_languagePLASMAMICROPARTICLESResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tbioinformaticsBiological SciencesOriginal PapersCANCERComputer Science ApplicationsIdentification (information)Cell and molecular biologyComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsPROTEOMIC ANALYSISMEMBRANE-VESICLESEXPRESSIONStatistics and ProbabilityPROSTASOMESJavaBioinformaticsexosomesResearch SupportExtracellular vesiclesWorld Wide WebDatabasesDELIVERYInformation and Computing SciencesJournal ArticleHumansMembrane vesicleMolecular BiologyFactualEXOSOMESComputational BiologyCELLSDatabase Management SystemsExtracellular SpacecomputerSoftware
researchProduct

INTEGRAL/RXTE Observations of Cygnus X-1

2003

We present first results from contemporaneous observations of Cygnus X-1 with INTEGRAL and RXTE, made during INTEGRAL's performance verification phase in 2002 November and December. Consistent with earlier results, the 3-250 keV data are well described by Comptonization spectra from a Compton corona with a temperature of kT~50-90 keV and an optical depth of tau~1.0-1.3 plus reflection from a cold or mildly ionized slab with a covering factor of Omega/2pi~0.2-0.3. A soft excess below 10 keV, interpreted as emission from the accretion disk, is seen to decrease during the 1.5 months spanned by our observations. Our results indicate a remarkable consistency among the independently calibrated de…

Black hole physics ; Individual stars ; Cyg X-1 ; Gamma rays ; X-rays observations ; BinariesAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesFlux02 engineering and technologyAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAAstrophysicsCyg X-101 natural sciencesOmegaSpectral lineIonizationIndividual stars0103 physical sciencesOptical depth (astrophysics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCalibration010303 astronomy & astrophysicsOptical depthPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGamma raysBinariesAstrophysics (astro-ph)X-rays observationsGamma rayAstronomyAstronomy and Astrophysics020206 networking & telecommunicationsBlack hole physics:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]CoronaSpace and Planetary ScienceReflection (physics)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]AIP Conference Proceedings
researchProduct

The NHXM observatory

2011

Exploration of the X-ray sky has established X-ray astronomy as a fundamental astrophysical discipline. While our knowledge of the sky below 10 keV has increased dramatically (∼8 orders of magnitude) by use of grazing incidence optics, we still await a similar improvement above 10 keV, where to date only collimated instruments have been used. Also ripe for exploration is the field of X-ray polarimetry, an unused fundamental tool to understand the physics and morphology of X-ray sources. Here we present a novel mission, the New Hard X-ray Mission (NHXM) that brings together for the first time simultaneous high-sensitivity, hard-X-ray imaging, broadband spectroscopy and polarimetry. NHXM will…

Black-holesAcceleration mechanismCosmic Visionmedia_common.quotation_subjectPolarimetry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesMissionsCosmologyPhysical cosmologyNon-thermal emissionAcceleration mechanism; Accretion physics; Black-holes; Compact objects; Cosmology; Missions; Non-thermal emission; X-ray imaging; X-ray polarimetry; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary ScienceObservatory0103 physical sciencesBroadbandX-ray polarimetry010303 astronomy & astrophysicsCompact objectsmedia_commonPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsX-ray imagingVegaAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAccretion physicsCosmologySkySpace and Planetary ScienceExperimental Astronomy
researchProduct

Rapid formation of plasma protein corona critically affects nanoparticle pathophysiology

2013

In biological fluids, proteins bind to the surface of nanoparticles to form a coating known as the protein corona, which can critically affect the interaction of the nanoparticles with living systems. As physiological systems are highly dynamic, it is important to obtain a time-resolved knowledge of protein-corona formation, development and biological relevancy. Here we show that label-free snapshot proteomics can be used to obtain quantitative time-resolved profiles of human plasma coronas formed on silica and polystyrene nanoparticles of various size and surface functionalization. Complex time- and nanoparticle-specific coronas, which comprise almost 300 different proteins, were found to …

Blood Plateletsendocrine systemBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleBioengineeringProtein CoronaNanotechnologyProteomicsCell Lineprotein coronaThrombocyte activationHumansGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringParticle SizeMicroscopy ConfocalCell DeathChemistrynanoparticleComputational BiologyEndothelial CellsBlood ProteinsCondensed Matter PhysicsHaemolysisSilicon DioxideBlood proteinsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMicrovesselsBiophysicsSurface modificationNanoparticlesPolystyrenesParticle sizeBiologie
researchProduct

Anti-oxidative effects and harmlessness of asymmetric Au@Fe3O4 Janus particles on human blood cells

2014

AbstractThe physical properties of asymmetric Janus particles are highly promising for future biomedical applications. However, only a few data is available on their biological impact on human cells. We investigated the biological impact of different Au@Fe3O4 Janus particle formulations in vitro to analyse specific uptake modalities and their potential cytotoxic effects on human cells of the blood regarding intravenous injection. We demonstrate that Au@Fe3O4 Janus particles exhibit a similar or even better biocompatibility compared to the well-studied spherical iron oxide nanoparticles. The impact of Janus particles on cells depends mainly on three factors. (1) Surface functionalization: NH…

Blood cellsMaterials scienceBiophysicsUptakeNanoparticleBioengineeringJanus particlesNanotechnologyBiomaterialsCell membranechemistry.chemical_compoundAmino functionalizationmedicineJanusCell metabolismAdhesionJanus particlemedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryMechanics of MaterialsCeramics and CompositesBiophysicsParticleSurface modificationCell membraneIron oxide nanoparticlesBiomaterials
researchProduct

Effect of three-body forces on response functions in infinite neutron matter

2015

International audience; We study the impact of three-body forces on the response functions of cold neutron matter. These response functions are determined in the random phase approximation (RPA) from a residual interaction expressed in terms of Landau parameters. Special attention is paid to the non-central part, including all terms allowed by the relevant symmetries. Using Landau parameters derived from realistic nuclear two- and three-body forces grounded in chiral effective field theory, we find that the three-body term has a strong impact on the excited states of the system and in the static and long-wavelength limit of the response functions for which a new exact formula is established.

Body forcePhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]Nuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaResidual01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Classical mechanicsExcited state0103 physical sciencesHomogeneous spaceEffective field theoryNeutronLimit (mathematics)010306 general physicsRandom phase approximation
researchProduct

One-pot preparation of surface modified boehmite nanoparticles with rare-earth cyclen complexes.

2007

We report on the one-pot synthetic procedure of cyclen derivatives bearing three acetate groups attached on boehmite nanoparticles, the complexing capabilities of these inorganic–organic hybrid materials with rare earth cations, and the behaviour as contrast agents or fluorescence probes. Delgado Pinar, Estefania, Estefania.Delgado@uv.es ; Frias Martinez, Juan Carlos, Juan.Frias@uv.es ; Albelda Gimeno, Maria Teresa, Teresa.Albelda@uv.es ; Alarcon Navarro, Javier, Javier.Alarcon@uv.es ; Garcia-España Monsonis, Enrique, Enrique.Garcia-Es@uv.es

BoehmiteSurface PropertiesUNESCO::QUÍMICARare earthInorganic chemistryNanoparticleAluminum HydroxideCyclams:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]FluorescenceCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundSynteticCyclenHeterocyclic CompoundsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryNanoparticles ; Syntetic ; Acetate ; Capabilities ; Inorganic-organic ; FluorescenceAluminum OxideInorganic organicInorganic-organicAcetateSurface modifiedUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química analíticaMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryCapabilitiesFluorescenceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry:QUÍMICA::Química analítica [UNESCO]Ceramics and CompositesNanoparticlesMetals Rare EarthHybrid materialChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
researchProduct

Immunohistochemical and morphological characteristics of tissues response to polylactic acid membranes with silver nanoparticles

2019

Background The aim of this research was to study anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory characteristics of silver nanoparticles helping bone structures to recover during late stage of parodontitis, which afterwards will increase the effect of bone regeneration operations. Material and Methods We assessed colloid solution-derived silver nanoparticles coating of polylactic acid membrane regarding tissue foreign body response. Thirty eight polylactic acid membranes were implanted intracranially in rabbits – ten unmodified (control group) and twenty eight with silver nanoparticles coating (experimental group). In controls, penicillin was used for infection prophylaxis. Tissue response was assesse…

Bone RegenerationSilverPolyestersMetal NanoparticlesNanoparticleSilver nanoparticleColloidchemistry.chemical_compoundPolylactic acidFibrosismedicineAnimalsBone regenerationGeneral DentistryOral Medicine and PathologyChemistryResearchCapsulemedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]MembraneOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryRabbitsBiomedical engineering
researchProduct

A neutron source for IGISOL-JYFLTRAP : Design and characterisation

2017

A white neutron source based on the Be(p, nx) reaction for fission studies at the IGISOL-JYFLTRAP facility has been designed and tested. 30MeV protons impinge on a 5mm thick water-cooled beryllium disc. The source was designed to produce at least 1012 fast neutrons/s on a secondary fission target, in order to reach competitive production rates of fission products far from the valley of stability. The Monte Carlo codes MCNPX and FLUKA were used in the design phase to simulate the neutron energy spectra. Two experiments to characterise the neutron field were performed: the first was carried out at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala (SE), using an Extended-Range Bonner Sphere Spectrometer and …

Bonner spherePhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsFissionHadronNuclear Theorychemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsSubatomär fysikchemistry0103 physical sciencesSubatomic PhysicsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNeutron sourceNuclear fusionneutron sourcesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsBeryllium010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment
researchProduct

New Measurements of the Beam Normal Spin Asymmetries at Large Backward Angles with Hydrogen and Deuterium Targets

2017

International audience; New measurements of the beam normal single spin asymmetry in the electron elastic and quasielastic scattering on the proton and deuteron, respectively, at large backward angles and at ⟨Q2⟩=0.22  (GeV/c)2 and ⟨Q2⟩=0.35  ( GeV/c)2 are reported. The experimentally observed asymmetries are compared with the theoretical calculation of Pasquini and Vanderhaeghen [Phys. Rev. C 70, 045206 (2004).PRVCAN0556-281310.1103/PhysRevC.70.045206]. The agreement of the measurements with the theoretical calculations shows a dominance of the inelastic intermediate excited states of the nucleon, πN and the Δ resonance. The measurements explore a new, important parameter region of the exc…

Born approximationelectronProtonGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronelectron nucleonInelastic scattering[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)Nuclear physicsstatistical analysis0103 physical sciencesexcited stateBorn approximation010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentSpin-½hydrogen: targetPhysicsQuasielastic scatteringexchange: two-photon010308 nuclear & particles physicsnucleoninelastic scatteringangular dependenceresonanceHigh Energy Physics::Experimentdeuteron: targetAtomic physicsNucleonspin: asymmetryexperimental resultsphoton: virtual
researchProduct