Search results for "PATHOGEN"
showing 10 items of 1657 documents
Bilateral cyclic cheek lesions related to premenstrual syndrome: a multifactorial pathogenesis?
2009
Introduction Cheek biting is a chronic, usually innocuous, self-inXicted injury that often occurs as a parafunctional habit. Case report We report an unusual case of bilateral cyclic cheek lesions in a 34-year-old woman characterized by hyperkeratinization near the biting edges of the teeth and hematic lesions accompanied by a cheek swelling sensation, without pain and burning. The lesions coincided with a premenstrual syndrome, characterized by Xuid retention Introduction Cheek biting is a chronic, usually innocuous, self-inXicted injury that often occurs as a parafunctional habit. Case report We report an unusual case of bilateral cyclic cheek lesions in a 34-year-old woman characterized …
Rare <i>Atg7</i>&nbsp;Genetic Variants Predispose to Severe Fatty Liver Disease
2021
Background&Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and has a strong heritable component. The aim of this study was to identify new genes involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. Methods: We examined rare variants captured by whole-exome sequencing in individuals with severe fibrosis or hepatocellular carcinoma due to NAFLD (severe NAFLD, n=301) after variant prioritization. We replicated the results in the UK Biobank and the Liver biopsy cohort (n=2268). Results: We observed an enrichment of the p.P426L variant (rs143545741 C>T; OR=7.2, 2.3-17.3; p C; MAF=0.060 vs. 0.035; OR=1.7, 1.2-2.5; p=0.003). In the UK Biobank cohort, the p.V471A variant wa…
COVID-19 and Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications for Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Follow-Up
2020
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, both in the venous and arterial circulations, because of excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. In addition, many patients receiving antithrombotic therapy for thrombotic disease may develop COVID-19, which can have implications for choice, dosing, and laboratory monitoring of antithrombotic therapy. Moreover, during a time with much focus on COVID-19, it is critical to consider how to optimize the available technology to care for patients without COVID-19 who hav…
Infections associated with medical devices: pathogenesis, management and prophylaxis.
2005
The insertion or implantation of foreign bodies has become an indispensable part in almost all fields of medicine. However, medical devices are associated with a definitive risk of bacterial and fungal infections. Foreign body-related infections (FBRIs), particularly catheter-related infections, significantly contribute to the increasing problem of nosocomial infections. While a variety of micro-organisms may be involved as pathogens, staphylococci account for the majority of FBRIs. Their ability to adhere to materials and to promote formation of a biofilm is the most important feature of their pathogenicity. This biofilm on the surface of colonised foreign bodies is regarded as the biologi…
Antithrombotic treatment and outcomes of splanchnic vein thrombosis in an international prospective registry: Results of 2-year follow-up
2014
Abstract Background: Little information is available on the long-term clinical outcome of patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT). We aimed to assess incidence rates of bleeding, recurrence, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of SVT patients after a 2-year follow-up. Methods: Consecutive SVT patients were enrolled in a multicenter international registry, from 2008 to 2012. Information was gathered on baseline characteristics, risk factors and therapeutic strategies. Clinical outcomes (major bleeding; vascular events, defined as venous or arterial thrombosis, and mortality) during follow-up were collected and reviewed by a Central Adjudication Committee. Major bleeding was de…
Variation of platelet function in clinical phenotypes of acute venous thromboembolism – Results from the GMP‐VTE project
2022
Background The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is receiving increasing attention; however, limited information is available on platelet function in the acute phase of the disease. Objective To characterize platelet function according to VTE phenotypes. Patients/Methods In total, 154 subjects (isolated pulmonary embolism [iPE], n = 28; isolated deep vein thrombosis [iDVT], n = 35; DVT+PE, n = 91) were included. In this study platelet function analyzer (PFA)-200, light transmission aggregometry (LTA), thrombin generation (TG) in presence (PRP) and absence (PFP) of platelets and platelet flow cytometry were investigated. LASSO regression was used to select…
Heat shock protein expression and anti-heat shock protein reactivity in renal cell carcinoma.
2002
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are families of highly conserved proteins which are induced in cells and tissues upon exposure to extreme conditions causing acute or chronic stress. They exhibit distinct functions and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, including cancer. A causal relationship between HSP expression and immunogenicity has been demonstrated in murine and human tumors and is also associated with the immune response. In order to investigate the correlation of HSP expression and their immunogenic potential in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we here analyzed (i) the protein expression profile of various members of the HSP family in untreated and interferon (IF…
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and ischemic heart disease. Which came first, the chicken or the egg?
2014
Several lines of evidence demonstrate that the immune system plays a pivotal role in development and progression of ischemic heart disease (IHD). More recently, a series of biological and clinical investigations has generated new interest about the existence of a relationship between a specific class of immunoglobulin, that is immunoglobulin E (IgE), and IHD. Data obtained in several epidemiological studies have convincingly demonstrated that the concentration of total serum IgEs is significantly increased in patients with IHD and often correlates with the prognosis. The putative mechanisms are essentially mediated by a physiological interaction between IgEs and mast cells, which triggers t…
Transcription factors controlling development and function of innate lymphoid cells.
2014
Abstract Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphocytes, which play an important role in tissue homeostasis at epithelial surfaces. They are scarce in spleen and lymph nodes, but substantial numbers can be found in the intestinal mucosa even at steady state. There, they represent the first line of defence against invading pathogens and contribute to lymphorganogenesis, tissue repair and, when inappropriately activated, immune pathology. Lineage-specific development, function and maintenance of these cells depend on a restricted set of transcription factors that partially emerged as a result of diversification and selection during vertebrate evolution. The differential…
Novel cytokine-targeted therapies and intestinal inflammation
2009
Several cytokines have been identified as critical mediators of chronic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and biological therapies that target these molecules have been developed during recent years. Thereby, anti-TNF agents have noticeably improved the treatment of patients with IBD in comparison to conventional therapy. Furthermore, initial clinical trials showed promising results with anti-IL-6 and anti-IL-12/IL-23 agents. In addition to these well-known mediators of IBD, various novel cytokines have been described as critical during the pathogenesis of IBD in recent experimental studies and therapeutic targeting of these cytokines could provide new strategies for human di…