Search results for "PEST analysis"
showing 10 items of 116 documents
Species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers for simple detection of Bursaphelenchus fraudulentus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae)
2010
Nematology , 2010, Vol. 12(1), 157-160 Short communication Species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers for simple detection of Bursaphelenchus fraudulentus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) Anna F I L I P I A K 1 , ∗ , Agata J AKUBOW SKA 1 , 2 and Marek T OMALAK 1 Bursaphelenchus fraudulentus Ruhm, 1956 (Nema- toda: Parasitaphelenchidae) is a tree-inhabiting species frequently found in Europe (Ruhm, 1956; Schauer-Blume & Sturhan, 1989; Tomalak, 2004; Carletti et al ., 2005) and Asia (Braasch et al ., 2001). It is primarily found in dy- ing or dead deciduous trees (Ruhm, 1956; Schauer-Blume & Sturhan, 1989), although occasionally reported from conifers (Braasch et al ., 2001). Within t…
First record of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) parasitizing pupae of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephr…
2015
The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera : Tephritidae), isone of the most devastating pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide (Liquido et al. 1991; Chueca et al. 2007). It is the most invasive species of all members of the Tephritidae (Zucchi 2001) and a key pest of citrus and other fruits in the Mediterranean countries, including Tunisia (Enkerlin & Mumford 1997; Jerraya 2003). Serious economic damage is caused by this insect in Tunisia; in mixed fruit cultivation crop losses can be from 80 to 100% (Jerraya 2003). Citrus is the most affected host crop, with direct annual losses attributed to C. capitata of up to 38% of annual income from Tunisian citr…
Preliminary study on the biology, natural enemies and chemical control of the invasive Macrohomotoma gladiata (Kuwayama) on urban Ficus microcarpa L.…
2015
[EN] The phenology and natural enemies of Macrohomotoma gladiata (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera. Homotomidae) on Ficus microcarpa L. in Valencia (Spain) were studied in 2013. During the study, all immature instars of the pest were found on infested shoots indicating overlapping generations. However, two consistent increases in the proportion of the first two nymphal instars were detected in early March and June, possibly suggesting the beginning of spring and summer generations. Eggs of Macrohomotoma gladiata were usually found below the stipules of new healthy shoots, arranged in groups of 15-30 units. First two nymphal instars usually preferred the innermost part of the shoot, whereas the older de…
Invasion genetics of American cherry fruit fly in Europe and signals of hybridization with the European cherry fruit fly
2013
The American cherry fruit fly is an invasive pest species in Europe, of serious concern in tart cherry productionaswellasforthepotentialtohybridizewiththeEuropeancherryfruitfly,Rhagoletiscerasi L. (Diptera: Tephritidae), which might induce new pest dynamics. In the first European reports, the question arose whether only the eastern American cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is present, or also the closely related western American cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran. In this study, we investigate the species status of European populations by comparing these with populations of both American species from their native ranges, the invasion dynamic…
Unveiling gene expression regulation of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa toxin receptor ADAM10 by the potato dietary miR171c in Colorado potato beet…
2021
Background The Colorado potato beetle (CPB) is a worldwide devastating pest of potato plants and other Solanaceae characterized by its remarkable ability to evolve resistance to insecticides. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry3Aa toxin represents an environmentally-safe alternative for CPB control but larvae susceptibility to this toxin has been reported to vary depending on the host plant on which larvae feed. To gain more insight into how nutrition mediates Bt tolerance through effects on gene expression here we explored the post-transcriptional regulation by miRNAs of the CPB-ADAM10 gene encoding the Cry3Aa toxin functional receptor ADAM10. Results The lower CPB-ADAM10 gene expression in CP…
Ecological Analysis of the Helminth Community of Microtus lusitanicus (Gerbe, 1879) (Rodentia) in Asturias (NW Spain)
2021
Simple Summary The Lusitanian pine vole is an endemic rodent of the Iberian Peninsula, which has a burrowing behaviour and prefers to live underground. It feeds on bark and roots causing severe damage to trees. In Asturias (NW Spain), this species is considered a pest causing economic losses in apple orchards, damaging the tree, and sometimes even causing its death. With the aim to shed light on the helminth community of this rodent pest species and to elucidate which intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect its helminth species, a faunistic-ecological study was carried out. For this purpose, our own collection of 710 voles from several orchards of various locations in Asturias was used. The …
Essential oils composition of two Sicilian cultivars of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) fruits (prickly pear).
2013
The essential oils composition of the skin, pulp and seeds from fruits of two Sicilian cultivars of Opuntia ficus-indica (cv. Sanguigna and cv. Surfarina) has been obtained by hydrodistillation and the possible antioxidant, antimicrobial and semiochemical roles have been investigated comparing the data with those reported in the literature. The presence of antioxidants and antimicrobials found in this study increases the spectrum of compounds that have beneficial properties in O. ficus-indica. In addition, several compounds identified in this study have been reported to influence the behaviour of Ceratitis capitata, a phytophagous pest which causes severe damages to several crops including …
Rearing of Prays citri on callus derived from lemon stigma and style culture
2000
A new method for rearing the citrus flower moth (Prays citri Mill.) (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) on lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm.] callus is reported. In the present research callus (an undifferentiated mass of plant cells that can be grown under sterile conditions on an artificial medium in vitro) was induced from lemon stigma and style explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 500 mg l -1 malt extract, 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine, and 146 mM sucrose. Also somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained from the cultures of styles and stigmas of lemon. Adults were obtained from larvae on infested flowers collected in the field. Different oviposition…
Effects of the ingestion ofSerratula tinctoria extracts, a plant containing phytoecdysteroids, on the development of the vineyard pestLobesia botrana…
1997
We describe here the effects of extracts from Serratula tinctoria, a plant producing phytoecdysteroids, on the growth and development of Lobesia botrana, an economically important pest in vineyards. Leaves, hairy roots, or semi-purified (by Sep-Pak procedure) methanolic extracts from this plant were incorporated into an artificial diet given to insects. Larval growth, mortality, weight, and sex-ratio were investigated, as well as sterol and ecdysteroid contents. Experimental diets induced an important mortality in the first, second, and third larval instars, but also in pupae. As males appeared more sensitive to extracts, sex ratio was significantly modified on experimental diets (particula…
Potential of the Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Reservoir for the Control of Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a Major Pest of Grape Plants▿
2006
ABSTRACT The potential of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins to control the grape pest Lobesia botrana was explored by testing first-instar larvae with Cry proteins belonging to the Cry1, Cry2, and Cry9 groups selected for their documented activities against Lepidoptera. Cry9Ca, a toxin from B. thuringiensis , was the protein most toxic to L. botrana larvae, followed in decreasing order by Cry2Ab, Cry1Ab, Cry2Aa, and Cry1Ia7, with 50% lethal concentration values of 0.09, 0.1, 1.4, 3.2, and 8.5 μg/ml of diet, respectively. In contrast, Cry1Fa and Cry1JA were not active at the assayed concentration (100 μg/ml). In vitro binding and competition experiments showed that none of the toxins teste…