Search results for "PEST analysis"
showing 6 items of 116 documents
First report of Cucumber mosaic virus infecting Solanum jasminoides in Italy
2008
Solanum jasminoides Paxton (potato vine or jasmine nightshade) is a vegetatively propagated ornamental species within the Solanaceae family. Recently, symptomless plants of this species were reported as natural hosts of the quarantine pest, Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) in Italy (1). In January 2008, approximately 1,000 potted, 2-year-old plants of S. jasminoides growing in an ornamental nursery in Sicily showed virus-like mosaic and malformation of leaves. Symptoms were observed on approximately 60% of the plants. Leaf tissue, collected from 30 symptomatic and 10 symptomless plants, was analyzed by double-antibody sandwich-ELISA with polyclonal antisera specific to Cucumber mosaic v…
Larval Arrest in Development of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
1986
Arrested larval development (in the last larval instar) of part of the total larval population has been detected in moderately crowded situations (40 larvae in 2 g food) in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) cultures This phenomenon is the same found previously in highly crowded cultures of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) and other related species. The arrest may be viewed as a mechanism of physiological adaptation of organisms to competitive situations.
Distribution, frequency and diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis in olive tree environments in Spain
1997
Summary Bacillus thuringiensis was isolated from samples collected from olive tree related habitats (olive groves, olive storage facilities and oil mills) of different olive producing regions in Spain. This bacterium was found in a high percentage (92%) of samples. From 72 samples analysed, 2244 sporulating colonies were selected and observed under phase contrast microscopy. From these, 414 colonies (18%) were classified as B. thuringiensis based on the production of parasporal crystals. A great variability of spore, crystal size and morphology was observed. The results indicate that olive groves are as rich as soil olive mills and olive storage facilities regarding the B. thuringiensis pop…
Extent of variation of the Bacillus thuringiensis toxin reservoir: the case of the geranium bronze, Cacyreus marshalli butler (Lepidoptera: Lycaenida…
2002
ABSTRACT Despite the fact that around 200 cry genes from Bacillus thuringiensis have already been cloned, only a few Cry proteins are toxic towards a given pest. A crucial step in the mode of action of Cry proteins is binding to specific sites in the midgut of susceptible insects. Binding studies in insects that have developed cross-resistance discourage the combined use of Cry proteins sharing the same binding site. If resistance management strategies are to be implemented, the arsenal of Cry proteins suitable to control a given pest may be not so vast as it might seem at first. The present study evaluates the potential of B. thuringiensis for the control of a new pest, the geranium bronze…
Very highly prevalent Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infection of wild boar Sus scrofa in Khuzestan province, south-western Iran
2006
Abstract An epidemiological and pathological study of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infection in a total of 50 wild boars Sus scrofa attila from cane sugar fields of Iranian Khuzestan was performed. The total prevalence of 64.0 % detected is the highest hitherto known by this acanthocephalan species in wild boars and may reflect a very high contamination of the farm lands studied as the consequence of the crowding of the wild boar population in cane sugar fields. Observations prove that this species is a wild boar gut wall perforating acanthocephalan. High burdens may become so pathogenic for the host individual as to be responsible for its elimination from the population. Thus, this aca…
Binding analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 proteins in the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).
2015
Sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis, F.) is an important corn pest in South America and United States. The aim of the present study was to analyze the susceptibility and binding interactions of three Cry1A proteins and Cry1Fa in a Brazilian D. saccharalis population. The results showed that Cry1Ab was the most active, followed by Cry1Ac, Cry1Fa and Cry1Aa. All Cry1-biotinylated proteins tested bound specifically to the D. saccharalis brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV). Heterologous competition assays showed shared binding sites for all Cry1A proteins and another one shared by Cry1Fa and Cry1Ab. Thus, pyramiding Cry1Aa/Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins would be a recommended strategy for managi…