Search results for "PHARMACOLOGY"

showing 10 items of 8885 documents

Immune checkpoint inhibition therapy for advanced skin cancer in patients with concomitant hematological malignancy: a retrospective multicenter DeCO…

2020

BackgroundSkin cancers are known for their strong immunogenicity, which may contribute to a high treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). However, a considerable proportion of patients with skin cancer is immuno-compromised by concomitant diseases. Due to their previous exclusion from clinical trials, the ICI treatment efficacy is poorly investigated in these patients. The present study analyzed the ICI treatment outcome in advanced patients with skin cancer with a concomitant hematological malignancy.MethodsThis retrospective multicenter study included patients who were treated with ICI for locally advanced or metastatic melanoma (MM), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cS…

0301 basic medicineOncologyMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtySkin Neoplasms2435medicine.medical_treatmentChronic lymphocytic leukemiaImmunologyMedizin03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicinemelanomaImmunology and AllergyHumans1506Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsRC254-282AgedRetrospective StudiesPharmacologyClinical/Translational Cancer ImmunotherapyMerkel cell carcinomabusiness.industryMelanomaNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensImmunotherapyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisLymphoma030104 developmental biologyOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisConcomitantHematologic NeoplasmsMolecular MedicineFemaleImmunotherapySkin cancerbusinessProgressive diseaseJournal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
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Patient-derived solitary fibrous tumour xenografts predict high sensitivity to doxorubicin/dacarbazine combination confirmed in the clinic and highli…

2017

Abstract Background Preclinical models that mimic pathological and molecular features of solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) represent an important tool to select effective regimes and novel compounds to be tested in the clinic. This study was aimed at developing two preclinical models of SFT, assessing their predictive value in the clinic and selecting potential novel effective treatments. Material and methods Two dedifferentiated-SFT (D-SFT) models obtained from patients' biopsies were grown in immunodeficient mice. The antitumour activity on these models of doxorubicin, dacarbazine (DTIC), ifosfamide (monotherapy or combination), trabectedin and eribulin was tested. Twelve SFT patients were tr…

0301 basic medicineOncologyMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatmentSolitary fibrous tumourSoft Tissue NeoplasmsDioxoleMice SCIDPharmacologyAnthracyclineMetastasichemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineSolitary Fibrous TumorRetrospective StudieTetrahydroisoquinolinesAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsTetrahydroisoquinolineMeningeal NeoplasmsMeningeal NeoplasmPleural NeoplasmTrabectedinIfosfamideKidney NeoplasmSarcomaKetonesMiddle AgedMice modelKetoneKidney NeoplasmsDacarbazineSurvival RateOncologyResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsSolitary Fibrous Tumors030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemalemedicine.drugEribulinHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyXenograft Model Antitumor AssayAnthracyclinePleural NeoplasmsDacarbazineBlotting WesternResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorDioxolesDisease-Free Survival03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansChemotherapyFuranDoxorubicinRetroperitoneal NeoplasmsEribulinIfosfamideSoft Tissue NeoplasmCerebellar NeoplasmsFuransResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsRetrospective StudiesAgedChemotherapyAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolRetroperitoneal Neoplasmbusiness.industryAnimalXenograftCerebellar NeoplasmXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysTreatment030104 developmental biologychemistryDoxorubicinbusinessTrabectedin
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Decreased Time to Treatment Initiation for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients after Use of Xpert MTB/RIF Test, Latvia

2016

This test decreased time to treatment initiation by 66%–84%.

0301 basic medicineOncologyMaleEpidemiologylcsh:Medicine0302 clinical medicine1108 Medical MicrobiologyTuberculosis Multidrug-Resistant030212 general & internal medicinebacteriaDecreased Time to Treatment Initiation for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients after Use of Xpert MTB/RIF Test Latviabiologytime to treatment initiationDrug Resistance MicrobialMiddle Agedmultidrug-resistant tuberculosisRifampin resistanceInfectious Diseases1117 Public Health And Health ServicesTuberculosis Multidrug-Resistant/diagnosisFemaleRifampinLife Sciences & BiomedicineMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisAdolescentpulmonary030106 microbiologyXpert MTB/RIFImmunologyTime to treatmentMicrobiologylcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseasesTime-to-TreatmentMycobacterium tuberculosismolecular diagnostics03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultAntibiotic resistancemultidrug resistanceInternal medicinemedicineHumanslcsh:RC109-216Multivariable modelantimicrobial resistanceTuberculin testAntibiotics AntitubercularScience & Technologybusiness.industryTuberculin TestResearchlcsh:RMycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects1103 Clinical SciencesMycobacterium tuberculosisbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseAntibiotics Antitubercular/pharmacologyLatviatuberculosis and other mycobacteriaMultiple drug resistanceMODELTuberculin Test/methodsbusinessRifampin/pharmacologyMDR TB
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Epidemiology and biological characteristics of male breast cancer in Italy.

2020

Aim: To evaluate the epidemiology of male breast cancer (MBC) in Italy and to describe incidence and survival data in relation to age, morphology, year of incidence, geographic area, and possible association with other cancers compared with female BC. Methods: Cases were extracted from 40 Italian Cancer Registries. Standardized incidence rates (SIR), age-specific rates, and 5-year survival were calculated. The association with second tumors was also evaluated. All data were compared with data from female BCs. Results: In the 2000–2014 period, 2175 new cases of MBC were registered, with an SIR of 1.7 × 100,000. The incidence showed a slight upward trend and increased with increasing age. The…

0301 basic medicineOncologyMaleReceptor ErbB-2Sex Factormale breast cancerKaplan-Meier Estimate0302 clinical medicineclinical and biological characteristics; male breast cancer; second cancers; stage; survivalMedicinePharmacology (medical)Age FactorBreastRegistriesAged 80 and overclinical and biological characteristicsGeographyIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceCarcinoma Ductal BreastAge FactorsNeoplasms Second PrimaryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedsecond cancersSurvival RateOncologyItalyReceptors Estrogen030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMale breast cancerFemaleReceptors ProgesteroneBreast NeoplasmYoung Adult.Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyBreast NeoplasmssurvivalBreast Neoplasms Male03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultBreast cancerSex FactorsInternal medicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRisk factorSurvival rateCancer stagingAgedbusiness.industryCancermedicine.diseasestageCancer registry030104 developmental biologyKi-67 AntigenClinical and biological characteristicbusinessBreast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)
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Phase Ib study evaluating safety and clinical activity of the anti-HER3 antibody lumretuzumab combined with the anti-HER2 antibody pertuzumab and pac…

2018

Summary Purpose To investigate the safety and clinical activity of comprehensive human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family receptor inhibition using lumretuzumab (anti-HER3) and pertuzumab (anti-HER2) in combination with paclitaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods This phase Ib study enrolled 35 MBC patients (first line or higher) with HER3-positive and HER2-low (immunohistochemistry 1+ to 2+ and in-situ hybridization negative) tumors. Patients received lumretuzumab (1000 mg in Cohort 1; 500 mg in Cohorts 2 and 3) plus pertuzumab (840 mg loading dose [LD] followed by 420 mg in Cohorts 1 and 2; 420 mg without LD in Cohort 3) every 3 weeks, plus paclitaxel (8…

0301 basic medicineOncologyMaleReceptor ErbB-3Receptor ErbB-2Medizinchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineErbB3Phase I StudiesAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsMedicinePharmacology (medical)skin and connective tissue diseasesMiddle AgedMetastatic breast cancerMetastatic breast cancerDiarrheaOncologyPaclitaxel030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMarcadors bioquímicsCohortFemalePertuzumabmedicine.symptommedicine.drugAdultDiarrheamedicine.medical_specialtyLoperamidePaclitaxelMama -- Càncer -- TractamentAntineoplastic AgentsBreast NeoplasmsHypokalemiaAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedLoading dosePolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesPhase IHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3)Internal medicineHumansAgedPharmacologyPertuzumabbusiness.industryBiomarkerLumretuzumabmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologychemistryHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)businessHeregulin (HRG)
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Treatment with abiraterone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients progressing after docetaxel: a retrospective study.

2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate abiraterone's efficacy in Italian patients affected with metastatic prostate cancer progressing after treatment with docetaxel. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 60 patients. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) reduction in serum was the primary endpoint for evaluating the efficacy of abiraterone in combination with prednisone treatment, whereas reduced pain, safety, progression-free survival, response rate, and overall survival (OS) were secondary endpoints. A significant correlation was noticed between PSA response and OS. Further, the Index Bravais-Pearson (r) correlation allowed us to observe a significant negative interdependence between PSA res…

0301 basic medicineOncologyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCancer ResearchDocetaxelprostatic neoplasm03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicinePrednisoneInternal medicineabirateroneAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineClinical endpointHumansPharmacology (medical)Neoplasm MetastasisSurvival rateAgedRetrospective StudiesPharmacologyAged 80 and overbusiness.industryandrogen antagonistRetrospective cohort studyMiddle AgedProstate-Specific Antigenmedicine.diseasedrug therapyProstate-specific antigenProstatic Neoplasms Castration-Resistant030104 developmental biologyDocetaxelTolerabilitymetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancerOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPrednisoneAndrostenesKallikreinsTaxoidsbusinessmedicine.drugAnti-cancer drugs
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The effectiveness of combination chemotherapy with cisplatinum and etoposide in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

1989

Twenty-one patients with histologically proven advanced or disseminated non-small cell lung cancer were treated with cisplatinum 80 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 and etoposide (VP16) 80 mg/m2 i.v. day 1- greater than 3.15 patients were evaluable for response. One patient (6.6%) achieved a complete response, 4 (26.7%) a partial response and 6 (40.0%) a stabilization of disease. Four patients (26.7%) progressed. An improvement in performance status was obtained in more than 50% of cases. Responders had a mean survival of 345 + days, while non-responders 191.7 days. The treatment was generally well tolerated. In our opinion this combination regimen offers good palliation for patients affected by advanced a…

0301 basic medicineOncologyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLung Neoplasms030106 microbiologyDisease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Lung cancerEtoposideAgedEtoposidePharmacologyCisplatinPerformance statusbusiness.industryCombination chemotherapyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRegimenInfectious DiseasesOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleNon small cellCisplatinbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
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Gender medicine and oncology: report and consensus of an ESMO workshop.

2019

Background: The importance of sex and gender as modulators of disease biology and treatment outcomes is well known in other disciplines of medicine, such as cardiology, but remains an undervalued issue in oncology. Considering the increasing evidence for their relevance, European Society for Medical Oncology decided to address this topic and organized a multidisciplinary workshop in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 30 November and 1 December 2018.

0301 basic medicineOncologyMalemedicine.medical_specialtypopulation pharmacokinetic analysissuperior survivalDecision MakingMEDLINElymphomaDiseaseclearanceMedical Oncology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinerituximabInternal medicineNeoplasmsPhysiciansEpidemiologymedicinegendermelanomasexcancerHumansDosingfemale-patientsSex Characteristicsbusiness.industrygender medicineCancerHematologymedicine.diseaseChemotherapy regimenClinical trial030104 developmental biologyTreatment Outcome030220 oncology & carcinogenesisoncologyimpactBody CompositionFemalepharmacologybusinesssex-differencesSex characteristicsAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
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Prognostic Role of Blood Eosinophil Count in Patients with Sorafenib-Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

2020

Background: Inflammation is a long-established hallmark of liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Eosinophils are emerging as crucial components of the inflammatory process influencing cancer development. The role of blood eosinophils in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving systemic treatment is an unexplored field. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the prognostic role of the baseline eosinophil count in patients with sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and Methods: A training cohort of 92 patients with advanced- or intermediate-stage sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma and two validation cohorts of 65 and 180 patients were analysed. Overa…

0301 basic medicineOncologySorafenibAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisCarcinoma HepatocellularInflammationAdult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Eosinophils; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Sorafenib; Survival Analysis; Young AdultCapecitabine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineRegorafenib80 and overmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)AgedAged 80 and overSettore MED/12 - Gastroenterologiabusiness.industryCarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsHepatocellularhepatocellular carcinomaEosinophilMiddle AgedSorafenibmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurvival AnalysisConfidence intervalEosinophils030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureOncologychemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaFemalemedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drugTargeted oncology
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Resminostat plus sorafenib as second-line therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma - The SHELTER study

2016

Background & Aims No established therapies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and progression on first-line sorafenib treatment currently exist. This phase I/II trial investigated safety, pharmacokinetics and potential biomarkers of the histone deacetylase inhibitor resminostat and a combination therapy with resminostat and sorafenib. Methods Patients with HCC and radiologically confirmed progression on sorafenib were treated in an exploratory, multi-center, open-label, uncontrolled, non-randomized, parallel group phase I/II study. In the combination group (n=38) four dose levels ranged from daily 200 to 600mg resminostat plus 400 to 800mg sorafenib. The monotherapy group (n=1…

0301 basic medicineOncologySorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCombination therapymedicine.drug_classMedizinCancer epigeneticPharmacology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCancer epigeneticsResminostatInternal medicineClinical endpointmedicineCarcinomaneoplasmsEpigenetic treatmentFirst-in-man studyHistone deacetylase inhibitorHepatologybusiness.industryHistone deacetylase inhibitormedicine.diseasedigestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyZinc finger protein 64chemistryCancer epigenetics; Drug resistance; Epigenetic treatment; Histone deacetylase inhibitor; Zinc finger protein 64030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaDrug resistancebusinessmedicine.drug
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