Search results for "PHOSPHATASE"
showing 10 items of 499 documents
Role of Gadd45a in Wip1-dependent regulation of intestinal tumorigenesis.
2012
Conversion of intestinal stem cells into tumor-initiating cells is an early step in Apc(Min)-induced polyposis. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1)-dependent activation of a DNA damage response and p53 has a permanent role in suppression of stem cell conversion, and deletion of Wip1 lowers the tumor burden in Apc(Min) mice. Here we show that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2a, checkpoint kinase 2, and growth arrest and DNA damage gene 45a (Gadd45a) exert critical functions in the tumor-resistant phenotype of Wip1-deficient mice. We further identified Gadd45a as a haploinsufficient gene in the regulation of Wip1-dependent tumor resistance in mice. Gadd45a appears to function through…
Reduced levels of membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase in Vip3Aa-resistant Heliothis virescens
2020
ABSTRACTThe Vip3Aa insecticidal protein fromBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) is produced by specific transgenic corn and cotton varieties for efficient control of target lepidopteran pests. The main threat to this technology is the evolution of resistance in targeted insect pests, thus understanding the mechanistic basis of resistance is crucial to deploy the most appropriate strategies for resistance management. In this work, a laboratory-selected colony ofHeliothis virescens(Vip-Sel) highly resistant to the Vip3Aa protein was used to test whether an alteration of membrane receptors in the insect midgut might explain the resistance phenotype. Binding of125I-labeled Vip3Aa to brush border membran…
Some notes on the geographical distribution of the human red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes
1972
Basing on the data of 65 populations the geographical variability of the human red cell acid phosphatase phenotypes resp. alleles was studied. We found a marked distribution gradient: The frequency of pB-alleles increases with the increase of the mean annual temperature of the various biotops, whereas the pA-allele frequencies show a clear decrease. For this allele we calculated a significant negative correlation between its frequency and the mean annual temperature: r=-0.71; P<0.001. We suppose that the pB-allele is in some way adaptive under the climatic conditions of tropical biotops. The possible reasons are discussed.
A study of the polymorphism and ethnic distribution differences of human serum paraoxonase
1983
The enzyme serum paraoxonase shows a polymorphism in Europeans which is governed by two alleles. The first allele has a gene frequency plow of 0.716–0.777, and is manifested as a low activity group in homozygotes. More than 50% of all European test subjects can be included in this group. A second allele with a gene frequency qhigh of 0.223–0.284 was found in typical European distributions and is manifested in both the form of a second heterozygotic and a third homozygotic group with high activities. The Hardy-Weinberg rule for a two-allele model is valid for the distribution. The gene frequency plow of the first allele decreases as one moves from Europe in the direction of Africa and Asia. …
Yunis-Varón Syndrome Is Caused by Mutations in FIG4, Encoding a Phosphoinositide Phosphatase
2013
Yunis-Varón syndrome (YVS) is an autosomal-recessive disorder with cleidocranial dysplasia, digital anomalies, and severe neurological involvement. Enlarged vacuoles are found in neurons, muscle, and cartilage. By whole-exome sequencing, we identified frameshift and missense mutations of FIG4 in affected individuals from three unrelated families. FIG4 encodes a phosphoinositide phosphatase required for regulation of PI(3,5)P(2) levels, and thus endosomal trafficking and autophagy. In a functional assay, both missense substitutions failed to correct the vacuolar phenotype of Fig4-null mouse fibroblasts. Homozygous Fig4-null mice exhibit features of YVS, including neurodegeneration and enlarg…
Eel ATPase activity as biomarker of thiobencarb exposure
2003
Abstract European eels ( Anguilla anguilla ) were exposed to a sublethal thiobencarb concentration of 0.22 mg/L in a flow-through system for 96 h. Mg 2+ and Na + –K + adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activities were evaluated in gill and muscle tissues at 2, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of thiobencarb exposure. Gill ATPase activities were rapidly inhibited from 2 h of contact onward. Highest inhibition was registered for Na + , K + -ATPase (85%) from 2 to 12 h. Both Mg 2+ and total ATPase were inhibited (>73%) during the first hours of toxicant exposure. At the end of the exposure period (96 h) ATPase activities were still different from those of the controls (>50%). Significant inhibition was…
Effects of primary- and secondary-treated bleached kraft mill effluents on the immune system and physiological parameters of roach.
2000
The present study was designed to examine, whether, effluents from a modern pulp and paper mill using elemental chlorine-free/total chlorine-free (ECF/TCF) bleaching, exert effects on the immune system of fish and, in addition, to relate these findings to physiological parameters known to be affected by bleached kraft-mill effluents (BKME). Roach (Rutilus rutilus) were exposed in laboratory conditions to primary- or secondary-treated effluent from a pulp and paper mill. In order to study their capability to respond to foreign antigens they were immunised with bovine gamma-globulin (BGG) prior to exposure. The number of anti-BGG antibody-secreting cells (ASC) and the number of immunoglobulin…
Identification of Two Mannoproteins Released from Cell Walls of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mnn1 mnn9 Double Mutant by Reducing Agents
1999
The cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents some 30% of the total weight of the cell and is made up of β-glucans, mannose-containing glycoproteins (mannoproteins), and small amounts of chitin (9, 15). The mannoproteins can be divided into three groups according to the linkages that bind them to the structure of the cell wall: (i) noncovalently bound, (ii) covalently bound to the structural glucan, and (iii) disulfide bound to other proteins that are themselves covalently bound to the structural glucan of the cell wall (8). Our work has focused on the disulfide-bound mannoproteins, probably the least well known of the three groups mentioned above. Previous work (25) showed that trea…
Die Bilh�mie ? Eine seltene komplikation nach schwerster leberruptur
1990
Die traumatische Bilhdmie nach schwerster Leberverletzung ist ein seltenes Krankheitsbild und durch eine hohe Letalitat gekennzeichnet. Klinisch imponierten eine massive Hyperbilirubinamie sowie Erhohung der Gallensauren im Serum bei relativ normalen Leberzellenzymen. Pathophysiologisch liegt eine Verbindung vom Gallenwegssystem zum Niederdrucksystem der Lebervenen vor. Zur Diagnosesicherung erscheint uns neben der klinischen Symptomatik and nach vorausgegangener Sonographie and Computertomographie die ERCP als geeignetstes Untersuchungs- and Nachweisverfahren. Als Therapiemoglichkeiten kommen sowohl operative Verfahren als auch wie hier dargestellt eine erfolgreiche konservative Therapie i…
Reduced membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase does not affect binding of Vip3Aa in a Heliothis virescens resistant colony
2020
The Vip3Aa insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is produced by specific transgenic corn and cotton varieties for efficient control of target lepidopteran pests. The main threat to this technology is the evolution of resistance in targeted insect pests and understanding the mechanistic basis of resistance is crucial to deploy the most appropriate strategies for resistance management. In this work, we tested whether alteration of membrane receptors in the insect midgut might explain the >