Search results for "PHOSPHATE"

showing 10 items of 1874 documents

Arabinose nucleoside triphosphates are no inhibitors for DNA-dependent RNA polymerases.

1976

1-Beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5' -triphosphate and 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenosine-5' -triphosphate were found to have no inhibitory potency for both mammalian DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II and E. coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

RNA-dependent RNA polymeraseRNA polymerase IIOviductsCytosine NucleotidesQuailCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine TriphosphateTranscription (biology)RNA polymeraseRNA polymerase IEscherichia coliAnimalsMolecular BiologyPolymerasePharmacologybiologyChemistryMusclesCytarabineRNACell BiologyDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesMolecular biologyKineticsAvian Sarcoma VirusesRNA editingbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineRNA Polymerase IIVidarabineExperientia
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Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver

2018

p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-…

ROS Reactive oxygen species;RSK1 Ribosomal S6 kinase10301 basic medicineMAPK/ERK pathwayAgingHPLC High-performance liquid chromatographyAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentTBP TATA-binding proteinClinical BiochemistryDEN Diethyl nitrosamine;MKP-1 MAPK phosphatase-1IκB kinaseGCLc Glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunitp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesG6PDH Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenaseBiochemistryAntioxidantsMicechemistry.chemical_compoundSuperoxide Dismutase-1Akt Protein kinase B0302 clinical medicineNrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2IL InterleukinSOD1 Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutaselcsh:QH301-705.5Mice KnockoutMK2 MAP-activated protein kinase 2;PGC-1α Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alphachemistry.chemical_classificationlcsh:R5-920Trx ThioredoxinGlutathione DisulfideTNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-alphabiologyLPS Lipopolysaccharide;GSSG Oxidized glutathione;MEF Mouse embryonic fibroblastsNF-kappa BGstm1 Glutathione S-transferase mu 1CatalaseEndoplasmic Reticulum StressGlutathioneLiverGSH Reduced glutathione;Catalase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisJNK c-Jun N-terminal kinaselcsh:Medicine (General)Research Papermedicine.medical_specialtyNF-E2-Related Factor 2Glutamate-Cysteine LigaseMKK MAPK kinaseAP-1 Activator protein-1IKK IƙB KinaseGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicSuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineGlutamate cysteine ligaseEGFR Epidermal growth factor receptormedicineAnimalsNuclear factor ƙBAnd catalaseChIP Chromatin immunoprecipitation;Protein kinase BNF-ƙB Nuclear factor kappa BSuperoxide DismutaseSuperoxide dismutase 1Superoxide dismutase 2Organic ChemistryGlutathioneASK1 Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1ATF2 activating transcription factor 2;030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyEnzymeHsp Heat shock proteinlcsh:Biology (General)chemistrybiology.proteinSOD2 Mn-superoxide dismutaseMAPK mitogen activated protein kinaseNEM N-ethyl maleimide;Redox Biology
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α1-Adrenoceptors in the rat cerebral cortex: New insights into the characterization of α1L- and α1D-adrenoceptors

2010

36 p., figuras y tablas, bibliografía

Rat cerebral cortexAdrenergic receptorG proteinInositol PhosphatesBiologyAlpha1-adrenoceptor subtypesBinding CompetitiveCytosolReceptors Adrenergic alpha-1medicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRats WistarBinding siteInositol phosphate[3H]prazosin binding studiesCellular localizationCerebral CortexPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCell MembraneRatsCell biologyCytosolmedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationBiochemistrychemistryAlpha1L-adrenoceptorsCerebral cortexG-proteinsFemaleGuanosine TriphosphateIntracellularAlpha1D-intracellular localizationEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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A new polyphosphate calcium material with morphogenetic activity

2015

Abstract Polyphosphate [polyP] has been proven to elicit morphogenetic activity on bone cells. By applying mild reaction conditions, a Ca-polyP material that displays a hardness of ≈1.3 GPa has been fabricated. The Ca-polyP granules are prone to hydrolytic degradation during in vitro incubation of the cells, suggesting that this property is associated with the observed bioactivity.

Reaction conditionsMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringPolyphosphatechemistry.chemical_elementpathological conditions signs and symptomsCalciumIn vitro incubationCondensed Matter PhysicsRegenerative medicinedigestive system diseaseschemistry.chemical_compoundsurgical procedures operativechemistryBiochemistryTissue engineeringMechanics of MaterialsBone cellotorhinolaryngologic diseasesGeneral Materials ScienceneoplasmsSaos-2 cellsMaterials Letters
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Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase-Oxygenase: New Aspects Respective the pH-Dependance of the Carboxylation Reaction

1983

The investigation was directed towards the effects of reaction conditions, substrates and pH on the carboxylation reaction of ribulose-1 ,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in the crude enzyme extracts from several plants. Optimal substrate concentrations (HCO3 - and RubP) were determined. The highest carboxylase activity was attained with Tris/HCl buffer. The pH activity profile was quite sharp with an optimum at pH 7.8. Purified and crystallized carboxylase yielded a broad optimum curve under the same reaction conditions

Reaction conditionschemistry.chemical_compoundOxygenaseRibulose 15-bisphosphateCarboxylationchemistryBiochemistryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPyruvate carboxylaseZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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Studying the phosphoryl transfer mechanism of the E. coli phosphofructokinase-2: from X-ray structure to quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simula…

2019

Phosphofructokinases (Pfks) catalyze the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and they are regulated in a wide variety of organisms. Although numerous aspects of the kinetics and regulation have been characterized for Pfks, the knowledge about the mechanism of the phosphoryl transfer reaction and the transition state lags behind. In this work, we describe the X-ray crystal structure of the homodimeric Pfk-2 from E. coli, which contains products in one site and reactants in the other, as well as an additional ATP molecule in the inhibitory allosteric site adjacent to the reactants. This complex was previously predicted when studying the kinetic mechanism of ATP inhibit…

Reaction mechanism010405 organic chemistryChemistryMetaphosphateKineticsAllosteric regulationGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular mechanics0104 chemical sciencesMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundBACTÉRIAS GRAM-NEGATIVASQuantum mechanicsMoleculePhosphofructokinasesChemical Science
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Electrochemical studies on organometallic compounds—xx. Electrogeneration of an unusual organometallic derivative of ruthenium(I)

1989

Abstract The two-electron reduction of dinuclear ruthenium complexes [RuCl 2 (η 6 - p -cymene)] 2 ( p -cymene = p -CH 3 C 6 H 4 CH(CH 3 ) 2 ] give the corresponding relatively stable ruthenium(I) dimer derivative. The same species can also be obtained by electrochemical reduction of the cationic complexes [(η 6 - p -cymene)Ru(μ-Cl) 3 Ru(η 6 - p -cymene)]PF 6 . A redox mechanism is proposed.

Reaction mechanismChemistryStereochemistryDimerCationic polymerizationchemistry.chemical_elementRedoxMedicinal chemistryRutheniumInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHexafluorophosphateMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDerivative (chemistry)Group 2 organometallic chemistryPolyhedron
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Structural dynamics in F1ATPase during the first reaction cycle of ATP hydrolysis

1991

Abstract The velocity of ATP hydrolysis, catalyzed by purified F 1 ATPase from Micrococcus luteus , was decelerated on decreasing the temperature. At 13′C one reaction cycle is completed after 20 s. Hydrolysis was triggered upon rapid mixing of the enzyme with ATP. During the first reaction cycle, succeeding structural alterations of the F 1 ATPase were traced by time resolved X-ray scattering. The scattering spectra obtained from consecutive intervals of 1 s, revealed the F 1 ATPase to pass a conformational state exhibiting an expanded (6%) molecular shape. The expanded state was observed between 45% and 65% of the time required to complete the reaction cycle. This pointx out a conformatio…

Reaction mechanismProtein ConformationStereochemistryATPaseBiophysicsTime resolved X-ray scatteringBiochemistryMicrococcusCatalysisF1ATPaseHydrolysisMolecular dynamicsAdenosine TriphosphateStructural BiologyATP hydrolysisGeneticsMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyHydrolysisX-RaysReaction cycleCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationKineticsProton-Translocating ATPasesEnzymechemistryDynamic structure transitionbiology.proteinMicrococcus luteusFEBS Letters
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Purification of a biologically active recombinant glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase fromCandida albicans

1999

We report here the purification of a functionally active recombinant glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from Candida albicans. The GAPDH protein encoded by the TDH1 gene was obtained as a glutathione S-transferase fusion protein by expression in the vector pGEX-4T-3, and purified by affinity chromatography and thrombin digestion. The purified protein displays GAPDH enzymatic activity (42 micromol NADH min(-1) mg(-1)) as well as the laminin and fibronectin binding activities previously described. In addition, the recombinant GAPDH is covalently modified by NAD linkage; this modification is stimulated by nitric oxide and probably involves a sulfhydryl group (cysteine) residue si…

Recombinant Fusion ProteinsDehydrogenaseBiologyMicrobiologyChromatography Affinitylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemAffinity chromatographylawGlyceraldehydeCandida albicansEscherichia coliGeneticsCloning MolecularMolecular BiologyGlyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenaseGlutathione TransferaseThrombinGlyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate DehydrogenasesMolecular biologyRecombinant ProteinsKineticschemistryBiochemistryFibronectin bindingbiology.proteinRecombinant DNAGlyceraldehyde 3-phosphateCysteineFEMS Microbiology Letters
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Advances in Anodic Alumina Membranes-based fuel cell: CsH2PO4 pore-filler as proton conductor at room temperature

2009

Abstract Anodic alumina membranes (AAM) filled with cesium hydrogen phosphate proton conductor have been tested as inorganic composite electrolyte for hydrogen–oxygen thin film (≤50 μm) fuel cell (TFFC) working at low temperatures (25 °C), low humidity ( T gas  = 25 °C) and low Pt loading (1 mg cm −2 ). Single module TFFC delivering a peak power of around 15–27 mW cm −2 , with open circuit voltage (OCV) of about 0.9 V and short circuit current density in the range 80–160 mA cm −2 have been fabricated. At variance with pure solid acid electrolytes showing reproducibility problems due to the scarce mechanical resistance, the presence of porous alumina support allowed to replicate similar fuel…

Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryOpen-circuit voltageAnodic alumina membranes Cesium hydrogen phosphate Composite proton conductors Pore filling Thin film fuel cellAnalytical chemistryEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyElectrolyteElectrochemistryDielectric spectroscopySettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringDifferential thermal analysisElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmShort circuitCesium hydrogen phosphate Anodic alumina membranes Pore filling Composite proton conductors Thin film fuel cellProton conductor
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