Search results for "PLASMA"

showing 10 items of 4043 documents

In-line fiber-optic sensors based on the excitation of surface plasma modes in metal-coated tapered fibers

2001

Abstract Metal-coated tapered fibers are reported as refractive index sensors based on the resonant excitation of surface plasma modes supported by the metal coating. The devices are easy to fabricate and constitute an alternative to metal-coated side-polished fibers and to other sensors made up of bulk components. We report the fabrication and power transmission properties of quasi-circular devices and asymmetric devices. Both sets of devices can be operated as wavelength output sensors, as well as amplitude output sensors. The transmittance of quasi-circular devices is polarization independent and it changes more than 30 dB as a function of external refractive index.

FabricationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMetals and AlloysPhysics::OpticsPlasmaCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Surfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthOpticsFiber optic sensorMaterials ChemistryTransmittanceOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessInstrumentationRefractive indexExcitationSensors and Actuators B: Chemical
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Simultaneous measurement of the muon neutrino charged-current cross section on oxygen and carbon without pions in the final state at T2K

2020

Authors: K. Abe,56 N. Akhlaq,45 R. Akutsu,57 A. Ali,32 C. Alt,11 C. Andreopoulos,54,34 L. Anthony,21 M. Antonova,19 S. Aoki,31 A. Ariga,2 T. Arihara,59 Y. Asada,69 Y. Ashida,32 E. T. Atkin,21 Y. Awataguchi,59 S. Ban,32 M. Barbi,46 G. J. Barker,66 G. Barr,42 D. Barrow,42 M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak,15 A. Beloshapkin,26 F. Bench,34 V. Berardi,22 L. Berns,58 S. Bhadra,70 S. Bienstock,53 S. Bolognesi,6 T. Bonus,68 B. Bourguille,18 S. B. Boyd,66 A. Bravar,13 D. Bravo Berguño,1 C. Bronner,56 S. Bron,13 A. Bubak,51 M. Buizza Avanzini ,10 T. Campbell,7 S. Cao,16 S. L. Cartwright,50 M. G. Catanesi,22 A. Cervera,19 D. Cherdack,17 N. Chikuma,55 G. Christodoulou,12 M. Cicerchia,24,† J. Coleman,34 G. Collazu…

Fermi gasPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMonte Carlo methodmeasured [channel cross section]KAMIOKANDEmuon neutrino01 natural sciencesPhysics Particles & FieldsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)secondary beam [neutrino/mu][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Particle Physics ExperimentsMuon neutrinoQDCharged currentQCPhysicsneutrino: energy spectrumJ-PARC LabPhysicsinteraction [neutrino nucleus]T2K experimentoscillation [neutrino]Monte Carlo [numerical calculations]suppressionNuclear & Particles PhysicskinematicsPhysical Sciences0202 Atomic Molecular Nuclear Particle and Plasma PhysicsGround statenumerical calculations: Monte Carlochannel cross section: measuredParticle Physics - Experiment530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy & Astrophysics530Nuclear physicsPionnear detector0103 physical sciencessimultaneous measurement0201 Astronomical and Space SciencesSCATTERINGddc:530010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillation0206 Quantum Physicscross section: charged currentMuonScience & Technologynucleus: ground stateNUCLEI010308 nuclear & particles physicsnucleus: targethep-excarbonenergy spectrum [neutrino]neutrino nucleus: interactionground state [nucleus]neutrino/mu: secondary beamtarget [nucleus]random phase approximationcharged current [cross section]High Energy Physics::Experimentneutrino: oscillationoxygenexperimental resultsPhysical Review D
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Symmetric logarithmic derivative of Fermionic Gaussian states

2018

In this article we derive a closed form expression for the symmetric logarithmic derivative of Fermionic Gaussian states. This provides a direct way of computing the quantum Fisher Information for Fermionic Gaussian states. Applications ranges from quantum Metrology with thermal states and non-equilibrium steady states with Fermionic many-body systems.

Fermionic Gaussian stateSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi Matematiciquantum geometric informationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeGaussianFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomylcsh:Astrophysicsquantum metrology; Fermionic Gaussian state; quantum geometric informationcondensed_matter_physics01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicslcsh:QB460-4660103 physical sciencesThermalQuantum metrologyLogarithmic derivativelcsh:Science010306 general physicsMathematical physicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum Physicsquantum metrologyQuantum fisher informationlcsh:QC1-999Range (mathematics)symbolslcsh:QClosed-form expressionQuantum Physics (quant-ph)lcsh:Physics
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Relating magnetization, structure and rheology in ferrofluids with multi-core magnetic nanoparticles

2020

Abstract Due to their magnetic moments solubilized magnetic nanoparticles are able to spontaneously assemble into dipolar mesostructures, which affect the flow behavior. Multi-core magnetic nanoparticles developed for biomedical applications have enhanced magnetic properties and show significant magnetoviscous effect, but the quantitative interpretation of this phenomenon is incomplete. We apply rheological measurements, magnetic granulometry and dimensional scaling to show the existence of a master curve for magnetorheology of these materials. Using the developed approach the magnetoviscous effect can now be interpreted in a unified way within the stochastic chain model.

FerrofluidMaterials science010304 chemical physicsCondensed matter physicsMagnetic momentApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemical EngineeringStructure (category theory)Condensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetizationDipoleRheology0103 physical sciencesMagnetic nanoparticlesGeneral Materials ScienceScalingJournal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
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Entanglement detection in hybrid optomechanical systems

2011

We study a device formed by a Bose Einstein condensate (BEC) coupled to the field of a cavity with a moving end-mirror and find a working point such that the mirror-light entanglement is reproduced by the BEC-light quantum correlations. This provides an experimentally viable tool for inferring mirror-light entanglement with only a limited set of assumptions. We prove the existence of tripartite entanglement in the hybrid device, persisting up to temperatures of a few milli-Kelvin, and discuss a scheme to detect it.

Field (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglementSquashed entanglement01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionlawQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPoint (geometry)010306 general physicsQuantumCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum PhysicsHybrid deviceCondensed Matter::OtherQuantum PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBose Einstein Condensate entanglement mesoscopic systemsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; OPTICAL CAVITYQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBose–Einstein condensatePhysical Review A
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Cold-Atom-Induced Control of an Optomechanical Device

2010

We consider a cavity with a vibrating end mirror and coupled to a Bose-Einstein condensate. The cavity field mediates the interplay between mirror and collective oscillations of the atomic density. We study the implications of this dynamics and the possibility of an indirect diagnostic. Our predictions can be observed in a realistic setup that is central to the current quest for mesoscopic quantumness.

Field (physics)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglementPhysics and Astronomy(all)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.invention/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100lawUltracold atomQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesCold Atoms nanodevices entanglement open systemsQuantum information010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesMesoscopic physicsQuantum PhysicsCavity quantum electrodynamicsNonlinear opticsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Physics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Bose–Einstein condensate
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Relaxation of the order-parameter statistics and dynamical confinement

2020

We study the relaxation of the local ferromagnetic order in the quantum Ising chain in a slant field with both longitudinal and transverse components. After preparing the system in a fully polarised state, we analyse the time evolution of the entire probability distribution function (PDF) of the magnetisation within a block of $\ell$ spins. We first analyse the effect of confinement on the gaussification of the PDF for large $\ell$, showing that the melting of initial order is suppressed when the longitudinal field is aligned to initial magnetisation while it is sped up when it is in the opposite direction. Then we study the thermalisation dynamics. In the paramagnetic region, the PDF quick…

Field (physics)Phase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences0501 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasParamagnetismMagnetization0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysicsQuantum Physics50SpinsCondensed matter physics30Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)-dTime evolution+qSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli e Metodi MatematiciThermalisation05 30 -d 05 50 +qRelaxation (physics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)EPL (Europhysics Letters)
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Dynamic force sensing of filamin revealed in single-molecule experiments

2012

Mechanical forces are important signals for cell response and development, but detailed molecular mechanisms of force sensing are largely unexplored. The cytoskeletal protein filamin is a key connecting element between the cytoskeleton and transmembrane complexes such as integrins or the von Willebrand receptor glycoprotein Ib. Here, we show using single-molecule mechanical measurements that the recently reported Ig domain pair 20–21 of human filamin A acts as an autoinhibited force-activatable mechanosensor. We developed a mechanical single-molecule competition assay that allows online observation of binding events of target peptides in solution to the strained domain pair. We find that fi…

Filaminsta221IntegrinPlasma protein bindingImmunoglobulin domainactin-binding proteinta3111LigandsFilaminoptical tweezerContractile ProteinsHumansCytoskeletonMultidisciplinarybiologyChemistryMicrofilament Proteinsta1182Microfilament ProteinBiological SciencesfilaminTransmembrane proteinCell biologyOptical tweezersbiology.proteinmechanosensingProtein Binding
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Market Impact and Trading Profile of Hidden Orders in Stock Markets

2009

We empirically study the market impact of trading orders. We are specifically interested in large trading orders that are executed incrementally, which we call hidden orders. These are statistically reconstructed based on information about market member codes using data from the Spanish Stock Market and the London Stock Exchange. We find that market impact is strongly concave, approximately increasing as the square root of order size. Furthermore, as a given order is executed, the impact grows in time according to a power law; after the order is finished, it reverts to a level of about 0.5-0.7 of its value at its peak. We observe that hidden orders are executed at a rate that more or less m…

Financial ManagementFluids & PlasmasFinancial markets econophysics hidden orderscomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesRisk-TakingStock exchangeLondon0502 economics and business0103 physical sciencesEconometricsEconomicsHumansInvestmentsAlgorithmic trading010306 general physicsStock (geology)Models Statistical050208 financeEconophysics05 social sciencesFinancial marketReproducibility of ResultsFlash tradingSpain8. Economic growthStock marketMarket impactcomputerAlgorithms
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Analysis of steady state thermal-hydraulic behaviour of the DEMO Divertor cassette body cooling circuit

2017

Abstract Within the framework of the Work Package DIV 1 – “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been jointly carried out by ENEA and University of Palermo to investigate the thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cassette cooling system. A comparative evaluation study has been performed considering the two different options under consideration for the divertor cassette body coolant, namely subcooled pressurized water and helium. The research activity has been carried out following a theoretical-computational approach based on the finite volume method and adopting a qualified Computational Fluid-Dynamic (CFD) code. CFD analy…

Finite volume methodSteady statebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringDivertorComputational fluid dynamicsDEMO Divertor Cassette body CFD analysisThermofluid-dynamics7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasCoolantSubcoolingThermal hydraulicsMaterials Science(all)Nuclear Energy and Engineering0103 physical sciencesWater coolingEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsbusinessSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural Engineering
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