Search results for "PLASMA"
showing 10 items of 4043 documents
Lethal Anaphylactic Reaction to Intravenous Gelatin in the Course of Surgery
2016
Plasma volume expanders (PVEs) are widely used to increase circulating blood volume. Gelatins used as PVEs are heterogeneous mixtures of polypeptides, usually prepared by hydrolysis of bovine collagen containing large amounts of proline and hydroxyproline residues. It has been shown that gelatins can cause anaphylactic reactions. We describe the case of a 73-year-old man who during surgery for intestinal obstruction presented a lethal anaphylactic reaction after the administration of a PVE containing gelatin lysate. The reaction occurred 10 minutes after the start of plasma expander infusion. Then, patient became comatose, and he died without awakening after 76 days. Necroptic aspects and h…
Atorvastatin in stable angina patients lowers CCL2 and ICAM1 expression: Pleiotropic evidence from plasma mRNA analyses
2013
Objective: Statin pleiotropy is still an evolving concept, and the lack of clarity on this subject is due at least in part to the lack of a definitive biomarker for statin pleiotropy. Using plasma mRNA analysis as a novel research tool for the non-invasive in vivo assessment of gene expression in vascular beds, we hypothesised that atorvastatin lowers the plasmamRNA level from statin pleiotropy-target genes, and the reduction is independent of the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Design and methods: Forty-four patients with stable angina received atorvastatin therapy (20 mg/day, 10 weeks). Plasma chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and intercellular adhesion molec…
Dietary fat interacts with the -514CT polymorphism in the hepatic lipase gene promoter on plasma lipid profiles in a multiethnic Asian population: th…
2003
We have previously reported an interaction between -514CT polymorphism at the hepatic lipase (HL) gene and dietary fat on high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) metabolism in a representative sample of white subjects participating in the Framingham Heart Study. Replication of these findings in other populations will provide proof for the relevance and consistency of this marker as a tool for risk assessment and more personalized cardiovascular disease prevention. Therefore, we examined this gene-nutrient interaction in a representative sample of Singaporeans (1324 Chinese, 471 Malays and 375 Asian Indians) whose dietary fat intake was recorded by a validated questionnaire. When no str…
High incidence of venous thrombosis after surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm
2009
Objective The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VT) after aortic abdominal aneurysm (AAA) surgery is imprecisely reported. On one hand, thromboprophylaxis has improved, on the other hand, AAA patients have become older and/or present worse comorbidities. Herein, we prospectively analyzed the incidence of VT in a continuous series of patients operated on for AAA repair and looked for predictive factors. Materials and Methods Between January 1, 2005, and December, 31, 2006, 193 consecutive patients (177 men and 16 women), mean age 73 (range, 47-93) underwent elective AAA repair, 137 open (71%) and 56 endovascular (29%), in our institution. Thromboprophylaxis consisted of thigh-length compr…
Drug-induced variations of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in rats. I. Diuretics.
1977
Summary Groups of 10 rats were treated with diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorotiazide, spironolactone, triamterene) under conditions of high or low plasma renin activity (PRA) brought about by administering distilled water or saline load, respectively. PRA, plasma aldosterone levels, urine aldosterone concentration as well as diuresis and Na+ and K+ excretion were
Glutamate permeability at the blood-brain barrier in insulinopenic and insulin-resistant rats
2009
The influence of diabetes on brain glutamate (GLU) uptake was studied in insulinopenic (streptozotocin [STZ]) and insulin-resistant (diet-induced obesity [DIO]) rat models of diabetes. In the STZ study, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with STZ (65 mg/kg intravenously) or vehicle and studied 3 weeks later. The STZ rats had elevated plasma levels of glucose, ketone bodies, and branched-chain amino acids; brain uptake of GLU was very low in both STZ and control rats, examined under conditions of normal and greatly elevated (by intravenous infusion) plasma GLU concentrations. In the DIO study, rats ingested a palatable, high-energy diet for 2 weeks and were then divided into weight …
Direct transnasal cholangioscopy with ultraslim endoscopes: a one-step intraductal balloon-guided approach.
2011
Background Direct cholangioscopy using an ultraslim endoscope is an attractive alternative to the conventional mother–baby endoscope system because it provides a single-operator platform and high-resolution image quality and allows advanced therapeutic interventions. However, biliary access is cumbersome and usually requires previous guidewire placement via retrograde cholangiography. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a 1-step transnasal cholangioscopy (TNC) technique using an ultraslim endoscope with an intraductal balloon to maintain access without previous guidewire placement. Design Prospective, observational clinical feasibility study. Setting Single tertiary referral center. Ma…
Elevation of plasma viscosity induces sustained NO-mediated dilation in the hamster cremaster microcirculation in vivo
1997
We studied whether a flow-independent increase of luminal wall shear stress (WSS) could dilate hamster arterioles in vivo and which endothelial mediators are potentially involved. To this end the plasma viscosity was elevated by exchanging blood for dextran-erythrocyte solution thereby augmenting WSS. Diameters of small and large arterioles as well as red blood cell velocities were measured before and after exchange of blood for solutions of identical haematocrit containing either high- (HMWD) or low-molecular weight dextran (LMWD). The potential role of endothelial autacoids was investigated by local application of the NO-synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), the inhibitor of cyc…
Long-term Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Resection for Patients With Mucosal Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus
2013
Background & Aims Barrett's esophagus–associated high-grade dysplasia is commonly treated by endoscopy. However, most guidelines offer no recommendations for endoscopic treatment of mucosal adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (mAC). We investigated the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection in a large series of patients with mAC. Methods We collected data from 1000 consecutive patients (mean age, 69.1 ± 10.7 years; 861 men) with mAC (481 with short-segment and 519 with long-segment Barrett's esophagus) who presented at a tertiary care center from October 1996 to September 2010. Patients with low-grade and high-grade dysplasia and submucosal or more advanced cancer were excluded. All patien…
Dopamine-related genes and spontaneous smoking cessation in ever-heavy smokers
2011
Several studies have provided evidence for associations of polymorphisms located in and near dopamine-related genes and nicotine dependence and other smoking-related phenotypes, including pharmacogenetic interactions. Aim: The purpose of the present work was to examine the association of SNPs in the DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) genes with smoking cessation in a large retrospective study featuring approximately 900 cessation events. Materials & methods: Data originated from the enrollment questionnaire of the epidemiological ESTHER study of community-dwelling adults aged 50–74 years, conducted in the German state of Saarland bet…