Search results for "PLASMA"

showing 10 items of 4043 documents

Quantum magnetism of spin-ladder compounds with trapped-ion crystals

2012

Abstract The quest for experimental platforms that allow for the exploration, and even control, of the interplay of low dimensionality and frustration is a fundamental challenge in several fields of quantum many-body physics, such as quantum magnetism. Here, we propose the use of cold crystals of trapped ions to study a variety of frustrated quantum spin ladders. By optimizing the trap geometry, we show how to tailor the low dimensionality of the models by changing the number of legs of the ladders. Combined with a method for selectively hiding ions provided by laser addressing, it becomes possible to synthesize stripes of both triangular and Kagome lattices. Besides, the degree of frustrat…

Phase transitionMagnetismmedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneral Physics and AstronomyFrustrationFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesIonenfalle010305 fluids & plasmasCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons0103 physical sciencesTrapped ionsddc:530010306 general physicsSpin (physics)AnisotropyQuantummedia_commonPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)DDC 530 / PhysicsANNNI modelQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Curse of dimensionalityNew Journal of Physics
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Quantum Critical Scaling under Periodic Driving

2016

Universality is key to the theory of phase transition stating that the equilibrium properties of observables near a phase transition can be classified according to few critical exponents. These exponents rule an universal scaling behaviour that witnesses the irrelevance of the model's microscopic details at criticality. Here we discuss the persistence of such a scaling in a one-dimensional quantum Ising model under sinusoidal modulation in time of its transverse magnetic field. We show that scaling of various quantities (concurrence, entanglement entropy, magnetic and fidelity susceptibility) endures up to a stroboscopic time $\tau_{bd}$, proportional to the size of the system. This behavio…

Phase transitionScienceFOS: Physical sciencesmagnetic fieldQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciencesEntropy (information theory)humanStatistical physics010306 general physicsScalingQuantumCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsmodelMultidisciplinaryStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)behaviorQRMultidisciplinary critical processes quantum phase transitionsObservablemodulationMedicineIsing modelQuantum Physics (quant-ph)entropyCritical exponentScientific Reports
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On the Gardner Problem for the Phase-Locked Loops

2019

This report shows the possibilities of solving the Gardner problem of determining the lock-in range for multidimensional phase-locked loops systems. The development of analogs of classical stability criteria for the cylindrical phase space made it possible to obtain analytical estimates of the lock-in range for third-order system.

Phase-locked loopPhysicsRange (mathematics)MultidisciplinaryPhase space010102 general mathematics0103 physical sciencesMathematical analysisDevelopment (differential geometry)0101 mathematics01 natural sciencesStability (probability)010305 fluids & plasmasДоклады Академии наук
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A supramolecular complex in the environmental stress signalling pathway of Bacillus subtilis

2003

SigmaB, an alternative sigma-factor of Bacillus subtilis, mediates the response of the cell to a variety of physical insults. Within the environmental stress signalling pathway RsbU, a protein phosphatase, is stimulated by its interaction with the protein kinase RsbT. In the absence of stress RsbT is expected to be trapped by an alternative binding partner, RsbS. Here, we have demonstrated that RsbS alone cannot act as an alternative partner for RsbT, but instead requires the presence of RsbR to create a high molecular mass RsbR:RsbS complex (approximately 1 MDa) able to capture RsbT. In this complex the phosphorylation state of RsbS, and not that of RsbR, controlled the binding to RsbT, wh…

PhosphatasePlasma protein bindingBacillus subtilisBiologybiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyCell biologyRegulonBiochemistryPhosphorylationSignal transductionKinase activityProtein kinase AMolecular BiologyMolecular Microbiology
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Trace element data covering 96-7 ka BP from stalagmite CM (Santo Tomas Cave, Cuba)

2020

We present a new speleothem trace element and stable isotope record, which extends previous paleoclimate evidence from Cuban speleothems to the last 96 ka. Stable isotope samples were micromilled at a resolution of 0.10-0.33mm, and measured using an IRMS equipped with a Gasbench. Line scans of Element/Calcium ratios of the speleothem were measured by laser ablation ICPMS and were reduced to the resolution of the stable isotope records.

Phosphorus/Calcium ratioSpeleothem samplepaleoclimatologytrace elementsCentral AmericaStrontium/Calcium ratioBarium Calcium ratioUranium Calcium ratioMagnesium/Calcium ratioLaser ablation inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometer LA ICP SF MSUranium/Calcium ratioPhosphorus Calcium ratioAGEEarth System ResearchMagnesium Calcium ratioLaser-ablation inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-SF-MS)Barium/Calcium ratioStrontium Calcium ratiospeleothem
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Oxygen-defective ZnO films with various nanostructures prepared via a rapid one-step process and corresponding photocatalytic degradation application…

2018

Abstract The deposition of oxygen-defective ZnO films exhibiting varied nanostructures via Solution Precursor Plasma Spray (SPPS) route, a one-step, minute-scaled duration and large scale method, is reported. The in situ formation of oxygen vacancies in ZnO films was confirmed by UV–Visible, Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and the as-prepared samples exhibit a bandgap as low as 3.02 eV. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation demonstrates that the polarization of ZnO is enhanced by the created oxygen vacancies, leading to substantially improved photocatalytic activity. The comparative experiments also revealed that forming and preserving appropriate ZnO precursor clusters i…

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceBand gapchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesOxygenBiomaterialsSolution precursor plasma spraysymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistryPhotodegradationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSAqueous solution[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryChemical engineeringPhotocatalysissymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyJournal of colloid and interface science
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Effects of Oxygen Plasma on the Chemical, Light-Emitting, and Electrical-Transport Properties of Inorganic and Hybrid Lead Bromide Perovskite Nanocry…

2018

We show that oxygen plasma affects in different ways the structural, chemical, optical, and electrical properties of methylammonium and cesium lead bromide nanocrystals. Hybrid organic–inorganic nanocrystals were severely and quickly degraded by oxygen plasma at 50 W. Their photoluminescence was quenched with almost 100% loss of the initial quantum yield, which is linked to decomposition of the nanocrystals. Inorganic nanocrystals were more resistant to oxygen plasma in the same conditions. Despite a moderate loss of photoluminescence and electrical conductivity, oxygen plasma had a positive impact, removing unbound ligands and resulting in more ohmic behavior of the film. This paves the wa…

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceNanotecnologiaQuantum yield02 engineering and technologyPlasmaConductivitat elèctricaConductivity010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesNanocrystalChemical engineeringElectrical resistivity and conductivityGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyOhmic contactMaterialsPerovskite (structure)ACS Applied Nano Materials
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Microcinematographic Studies of Mycoplasma hominis Cells

1973

Cells of two strains of Mycoplasma hominis growing in liquid medium on a glass surface were observed continuously, and cinematographic pictures were taken. Most of the observed structures showed reversible changes of their shape, suggesting the presence of contractile material in membrane or cytoplasma. The frequency and speed of such variations were measured. The deformations seem to be related to multiplication. The mechanisms of these phenomena are unknown.

PhotomicrographyCytoplasmCell divisionMotion PicturesLiquid mediumMycoplasma hominismedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyCell membraneMycoplasmaCell MovementmedicineMicroscopy Phase-ContrastMolecular BiologybiologyMotion Pictures as TopicCell MembraneCell movementMycoplasmabiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaMorphology and UltrastructureCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structureCytoplasmCell DivisionJournal of Bacteriology
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Lowering the radioactivity of the photomultiplier tubes for the XENON1T dark matter experiment

2015

The low-background, VUV-sensitive 3-inch diameter photomultiplier tube R11410 has been developed by Hamamatsu for dark matter direct detection experiments using liquid xenon as the target material. We present the results from the joint effort between the XENON collaboration and the Hamamatsu company to produce a highly radio-pure photosensor (version R11410-21) for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. After introducing the photosensor and its components, we show the methods and results of the radioactive contamination measurements of the individual materials employed in the photomultiplier production. We then discuss the adopted strategies to reduce the radioactivity of the various PMT versi…

PhotomultiplierPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)530 PhysicsDark matterPhotodetectorchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesGermanium01 natural sciencesAtomicRecoilOpticsXenonParticle and Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesNuclear010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)physics.ins-detInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)PhysicsQuantum Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorMolecularInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Nuclear & Particles Physics3. Good healthchemistrybusinessAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsastro-ph.IM
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Steering between level repulsion and attraction: broad tunability of two-port driven cavity magnon-polaritons

2019

Abstract Cavity-magnon polaritons (CMPs) are the associated quasiparticles of the hybridization between cavity photons and magnons in a magnetic sample placed in a microwave resonator. In the strong coupling regime, where the macroscopic coupling strength exceeds the individual dissipation, there is a coherent exchange of information. This renders CMPs as promising candidates for future applications such as in information processing. Recent advances on the study of the CMP now allow not only for creation of CMPs on demand, but also for tuning of the coupling strength—this can be thought of as the enhancement or suppression of information exchange. Here, we go beyond standard single-port dri…

PhotonLevel repulsionField (physics)530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesPolariton010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceQuantum PhysicsHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMagnonMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Dissipation530 PhysikAmplitudeQuasiparticleQuantum Physics (quant-ph)New Journal of Physics
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