Search results for "PLASMA"

showing 10 items of 4043 documents

Sympathetic cooling of protons and antiprotons with a common endcap Penning trap.

2017

We present an experiment to sympathetically cool protons and antiprotons in a Penning trap by resonantly coupling the particles to laser cooled beryllium ions using a common endcap technique. Our analysis shows that preparation of (anti)protons at mK temperatures on timescales of tens of seconds is feasible. Successful implementation of the technique will have immediate and significant impact on high-precision comparisons of the fundamental properties of protons and antiprotons. This in turn will provide some of the most stringent tests of the fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model.

Sympathetic coolingSpeichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumProtonAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Other Fields of PhysicsFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_element7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesphysics.atom-ph010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionIonPhysics - Atomic PhysicsNuclear physicslawLaser cooling0103 physical sciencesddc:530Physics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsLaserPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticschemistryAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsBeryllium
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Sympatric diversification vs. immigration: deciphering host-plant specialization in a polyphagous insect, the stolbur phytoplasma vector Hyalesthes o…

2012

The epidemiology of vector transmitted plant diseases is highly influenced by dispersal and the host-plant range of the vector. Widening the vector's host range may increase transmission potential, whereas specialization may induce specific disease cycles. The process leading to a vector's host shift and its epidemiological outcome is therefore embedded in the frameworks of sympatric evolution vs. immigration of preadapted populations. In this study, we analyse whether a host shift of the stolbur phytoplasma vector, Hyalesthes obsoletus from field bindweed to stinging nettle in its northern distribution range evolved sympatrically or by immigration. The exploitation of stinging nettle has l…

SympatryPhytoplasmaPopulationZoologyHemipteraGeneticsAnimalseducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenyPlant Diseaseseducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversitybiologyEcologyHost (biology)Genetic VariationUrtica dioicaCixiidaebiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionSympatrySympatric speciationVector (epidemiology)Host-Pathogen InteractionsBiological dispersalMicrosatellite RepeatsMolecular ecology
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A new measurement of direct CP violation in the neutral kaon system

1993

A new measurement of the ratio of the CP-violating amplitudes for $K_{L} \to 2\pi^{0}$ and $K_{L} \to \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ is reported. The measured value for $\Re = |\eta_{00} / \eta_{ +-}|^{2}$ is $0.9878 \pm 0.0026 \pm 0.0030$, where the first error is the statistical uncertainty and the second is the estimate of the systematic uncertainty. This gives a value for the parameter describing direct CP violation: $\Re$ $\epsilon'/\epsilon = (2.0 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{−3}$ .

Systematic errorPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsValue (computer science)NA48 experimentMolecularElementary particleAtomicNuclear & Particles PhysicsNuclear physicsAmplitudeParticle and Plasma PhysicsEnergy spectrumCP violationNuclearNeutral particleMathematical PhysicsAstronomical and Space SciencesParticle Physics - Experiment
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Infarctus cérébral et plasticité : focus sur le BDNF

2011

Functional recovery after ischemic stroke largely involves brain plasticity and more accurately its ability to reorganize the neuronal networks spared by the infarct. Studies conducted on animals using different ischemic stroke models have demonstrated that plastic changes are induced by BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor). Hence, increasing levels of BDNF in the brain is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce post-stroke impairments. In this context, our work had 2 aims: 1) In a rat model, to identify cells involved in the over-production of BDNF and to evaluate the pertinence of the measurement of circulating BDNF levels to estimate brain BDNF levels; 2) In ischemic st…

SérumSerum[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyRécupération motricePlasticityMotor recoveryAccident vasculaire cérébralStrokePlasmaBDNFPlasticitéCerebral infarctFluoxetin[ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyRatInfarctus cérébralFluoxétine
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Mycoplasma fermentans-derived lipid inhibits class II major histocompatibility complex expression without mediation by interleukin-6, interleukin-10,…

1996

Mycoplasma cause several diseases in man and animals. Some strains can chronically infect humans, leading to fever or inflammatory syndromes such as arthritis, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. A set of pathogenicity factors shared by many mollicutes may be membrane components that activate macrophages to secrete cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Mycoplasma-derived high molecular weight material (MDHM) is a macrophage-activating amphiphilic lipid which was purified from Mycoplasma fermentans. We studied the influence of MDHM on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules by mouse resident peritoneal macrophages with an ELISA. Highly purifie…

T cellImmunologyAntigen presentationBiologyNitric OxideMajor histocompatibility complexMicrobiologyMiceAntigenTransforming Growth Factor betaInterferonMHC class ImedicineAnimalsImmunology and AllergyMycoplasma fermentansCells CulturedMycoplasma fermentansMice Inbred C3HInterleukin-6Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIInterleukinbiology.organism_classificationLipidsInterleukin-10Molecular WeightKineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureInterferon Type IImmunologyProstaglandinsbiology.proteinCytokinesFemaleImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Immunology
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T Cell Polarization toward T

2016

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory disorder involving virtually every organ with a risk of organ dysfunction. Despite recent studies regarding B cell and T cell compartments, the disease’s pathophysiology remains poorly understood. We examined and characterized subsets of circulating lymphocytes in untreated patients with active IgG4-RD. Twenty-eight consecutive patients with biopsy-proven IgG4-RD were included in a prospective, multicentric study. Lymphocytes’ subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry, with analysis of TH1/TH2/TH17, TFH cells, and cytokine release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results were compared to healthy controls and to patients with primary…

T helper cellsSjögren’s syndromeImmunologyT follicular helper cellsplasmablastsIgG4-related diseaseOriginal ResearchFrontiers in immunology
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Inhomogeneous vortex tangles in counterflow superfluid turbulence: flow in convergent channels

2016

Abstract We investigate the evolution equation for the average vortex length per unit volume L of superfluid turbulence in inhomogeneous flows. Inhomogeneities in line density L andincounterflowvelocity V may contribute to vortex diffusion, vortex formation and vortex destruction. We explore two different families of contributions: those arising from asecondorder expansionofthe Vinenequationitself, andthose whichare notrelated to the original Vinen equation but must be stated by adding to it second-order terms obtained from dimensional analysis or other physical arguments.

T57-57.97Applied mathematics. Quantitative methodsTurbulenceApplied MathematicsQuantum turbulenceQuantum turbulence quantized vortices heat transfer inhomogeneous vortex tangle vortex diffusion.Quantized vorticesquantum turbulencevortex diffusion01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering010305 fluids & plasmasVortexSuperfluidityClassical mechanicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesHeat transferheat transferinhomogeneous vortex tangle010306 general physicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica Matematicaquantized vorticesCommunications in Applied and Industrial Mathematics
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Discontinuous Galerkin semi-Lagrangian method for Vlasov-Poisson

2011

We present a discontinuous Galerkin scheme for the numerical approximation of the one-dimensional periodic Vlasov-Poisson equation. The scheme is based on a Galerkin-characteristics method in which the distribution function is projected onto a space of discontinuous functions. We present comparisons with a semi-Lagrangian method to emphasize the good behavior of this scheme when applied to Vlasov-Poisson test cases. Une méthode de Galerkin discontinu est proposée pour l’approximation numérique de l’équation de Vlasov-Poisson 1D. L’approche est basée sur une méthode Galerkin-caractéristiques où la fonction de distribution est projetée sur un espace de fonctions discontinues. En particulier, …

T57-57.97Applied mathematics. Quantitative methods[SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas010103 numerical & computational mathematicsSpace (mathematics)Poisson distribution01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicssymbols.namesakeTest caseDistribution functionNumerical approximationDiscontinuous Galerkin methodScheme (mathematics)QA1-939symbolsApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsAlgorithmMathematicsLagrangian[MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Mathematics
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Enabling quantum non-Markovian dynamics by injection of classical colored noise

2017

The non-Markovian nature of quantum systems recently turned to be a key subject for investigations on open quantum system dynamics. Many studies, from its theoretical grounding to its usefulness as a resource for quantum information processing and experimental demonstrations, have been reported in the literature. Typically, in these studies, a structured reservoir is required to make non-Markovian dynamics emerge. Here, we investigate the dynamics of a qubit interacting with a bosonic bath and under the injection of a classical stochastic colored noise. A canonical Lindblad-like master equation for the system is derived by using the stochastic wave function formalism. Then, the non-Markovia…

TRAPPED ATOMSSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciQuantum dynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesMarkov processINFORMAÇÃO QUÂNTICALOCAL OPERATIONS01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasSTATE RECOVERYOpen quantum systemsymbols.namesakeTheoretical physics0103 physical sciencesMaster equationCOHERENCEStatistical physics010306 general physicsWave functionQuantumPhysicsQuantum PhysicsOPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMSColors of noiseQubitsymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Alternative approach to populate and study the $^{229}Th$ nuclear clock isomer

2019

A new approach to observe the radiative decay of the $^{229}$Th nuclear isomer, and to determine its energy and radiative lifetime, is presented. Situated at a uniquely low excitation energy, this nuclear state might be a key ingredient for the development of a nuclear clock, a nuclear laser and the search for time variations of the fundamental constants. The isomer's $\gamma$ decay towards the ground state will be studied with a high-resolution VUV spectrometer after its production by the $\beta$ decay of $^{229}$Ac. The novel production method presents a number of advantages asserting its competitive nature with respect to the commonly used $^{233}$U $\alpha$-decay recoil source. In this …

Technology and EngineeringIon beamFOS: Physical sciencesNuclear isomernucl-ex7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear physicsRecoil0103 physical sciencesEXCITATIONRadiative transferNuclear Physics - Experimentddc:530Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsLASER SPECTROSCOPYNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsnuclear structure and decaysAtomic clockChemistryPhysics and AstronomySTATESbeta decayGround stateisomer decaysydinfysiikkaDECAYEnergy (signal processing)ExcitationTRANSITION
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