Search results for "PLUS"

Functional genomics of Lactobacillus casei establishment in the gut

2014

International audience; Although the composition of the gut microbiota and its symbiotic contribution to key host physiological functions are well established, little is known as yet about the bacterial factors that account for this symbiosis. We selected Lactobacillus casei as a model microorganism to proceed to genomewide identification of the functions required for a symbiont to establish colonization in the gut. As a result of our recent development of a transposon-mutagenesis tool that overcomes the barrier that had prevented L. casei random mutagenesis, we developed a signature-tagged mutagenesis approach combining whole-genome reverse genetics using a set of tagged transposons and in…

African trypanosomes expressing multiple VSGs are rapidly eliminated by the host immune system

2019

Significance Many parasites escape the host immune system by undergoing antigenic variation, a process in which surface antigens are regularly shed and replaced by new ones. Trypanosoma brucei employs multiple sophisticated molecular mechanisms to ensure the expression of a homogeneous VSG coat. We generated a mutant parasite that expresses multiple distinct VSGs and studied the consequences of having a multi-VSG coat during an infection. We showed that expression of multiple VSGs makes the parasites more vulnerable to the immune response, which can now control the trypanosomes from the onset of the infection, allowing most mice to survive. In the future, trypanosome infections may be treat…

Rethinking practices of assessment for learning: Tablet technology supported assessment for learning mathematics

2013

This article discusses assessment for learning in mathematics subjects. It is challenging for teachers of large classes to regularly assess students' mathematics in order to help them improve their learning achievement. Given the complexity of assessing and providing feedback for learning, a new approach to assessment for learning was suggested. Media tablet technology supported assessment processes were devised and user studies were conducted in Norway and Rwanda. There are indications that students like to be involved in assessing each other's mathematics work. Students expect to get learning gains by providing and obtaining feedback to/from their peers using technology supported tools.

Classification of diabetes-related retinal diseases using a deep learning approach in optical coherence tomography

2019

Background and objectives: Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) is a volumetric imaging technique that allows measuring patterns between layers such as small amounts of fluid. Since 2012, automatic medical image analysis performance has steadily increased through the use of deep learning models that automatically learn relevant features for specific tasks, instead of designing visual features manually. Nevertheless, providing insights and interpretation of the predictions made by the model is still a challenge. This paper describes a deep learning model able to detect medically interpretable information in relevant images from a volume to classify diabetes-related retinal d…

Bayesian chronological analyses consistent with synchronous age of 12,835-12,735 Cal BP for Younger Dryas boundary on four continents

2015

The Younger Dryas impact hypothesis posits that a cosmic impact across much of the Northern Hemisphere deposited the Younger Dryas boundary (YDB) layer, containing peak abundances in a variable assemblage of proxies, including magnetic and glassy impact-related spherules, high-temperature minerals and melt glass, nanodiamonds, carbon spherules, aciniform carbon, platinum, and osmium. Bayesian chronological modeling was applied to 354 dates from 23 stratigraphic sections in 12 countries on four continents to establish a modeled YDB age range for this event of 12,835-12,735 Cal B.P. at 95% probability. This range overlaps that of a peak in extraterrestrial platinum in the Greenland Ice Sheet …

Migrations résidentielles en France : Quelles trajectoires pour les 15-30 ans et les plus de 65 ans?

2015

A paraître; National audience

Recommandation de parcours de formation dans un contexte mobile

2013

National audience; Les récentes avancées dans les technologies de l'information et de la communication ont vu naître de nouvelles formes d'enseignement. L'apprentissage à distance classique s'enrichit et se transforme pour donner jour à un apprentissage plus flexible, accessible sur de multiples supports, à toute heure et en tout lieu : l'apprentissage mobile. Nos travaux portent sur la conception d'un système de recommandation basé sur le contenu, modélisé en utilisant les technologies du web sémantique. La recommandation prendra en compte l'objectif de formation, mais également les supports disponibles pour dispenser cette formation, les préférences personnelles de l'apprenant, ou encore …

Le changement climatique et son impact sur la culture du pois. Emission WebTV Agrosup canal Eduter sur la polyculture-élevage, organisée dans le cadr…

2021

Single-cell RNA sequencing unveils the shared and the distinct cytotoxic hallmarks of human TCRVδ1 and TCRVδ2 γδ T lymphocytes

2019

γδ T lymphocytes represent ∼1% of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and even more cells in most tissues of vertebrates. Although they have important anticancer functions, most current single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies do not identify γδ T lymphocytes because their transcriptomes at the single-cell level are unknown. Here we show that high-resolution clustering of large scRNA-seq datasets and a combination of gene signatures allow the specific detection of human γδ T lymphocytes and identification of their T cell receptor (TCR)Vδ1 and TCRVδ2 subsets in large datasets from complex cell mixtures. In t -distributed stochastic neighbor embedding plots from blood and tumor sa…

La biopiraterie et le commerce des produits pharmaceutiques face aux droits des populations locales sur leurs savoirs traditionnels

2006

Collection des travaux du Credimi