Search results for "POLARIZATION"

showing 10 items of 1884 documents

Enhanced light confinement in a triangular aperture: Experimental evidence and numerical calculations

2005

We have recently demonstrated that the electric near-field emerging from a triangular aperture at the tip of a metal-coated tetrahedron of glass exhibits a highly confined and intense spot when the light incident from within the glass body is polarized perpendicularly to one edge of the aperture [Naber et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 210801 (2002)]. Here we present additional experimental material and a theoretical confirmation of this near-field optical effect. Based on the model of a triangular aperture in a planar metal film, we studied the influence of aperture size and film material on the field distribution. Even though our theoretical model is rather simplified as compared to the experi…

Materials scienceAperturebusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPlanarOpticschemistryAluminiumElectric fieldPerpendicularTetrahedronNear-field scanning optical microscopebusinessPhysical Review B
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Effect of NaClO disinfection/cleaning on passive films on AISI 316L

2020

Abstract 316 L stainless steel samples were passivated in NaClO containing solutions in order to simulate disinfection processes. Passive films were grown at the open circuit potential by immersion in NaClO aqueous solutions at different concentrations and temperature in order to understand how exposure to aggressive environments could affect subsequent corrosion resistance of SSs. In the attempt to study the passive film growth mechanism, in-situ Open Circuit Potential measurements were performed in the same growth solutions. Photoelectrochemical and impedance investigation of passive films was carried out in order to link their solid state properties with their corrosion behaviour.

Materials scienceAqueous solutionEISOpen-circuit voltage020209 energyGeneral Chemical EngineeringSolid-state02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCorrosionStainless steelSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringPolarization0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringImmersion (virtual reality)PassivityXPSGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyTranspassivity
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Semiconducting properties of passive films and corrosion layers on weathering steel

2020

Abstract Anodic films were grown on Weathering Steel by potentiostatic polarization in slightly alkaline solution. The photoelectrochemical results reveal that they are n-type iron oxide with Eg = 2.0 eV. Rust layer grown by atmospheric corrosion are n-type semiconductors with a band gap higher than that estimated for the anodic film attributed to the formation of γ-lepidocrocite. The electrochemical impedance spectra allow to evidence that rust layers have a higher conductivity with respect to anodic films due to the presence of highly doped iron oxide layers. The use of Mott-Schottky theory to model the dependence of oxide capacitance as function of potential is critically discussed.

Materials scienceBand gapGeneral Chemical EngineeringIron oxide02 engineering and technologyWeathering steelengineering.materialConductivity010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCorrosionchemistry.chemical_compoundElectrochemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Band gap Carbon steel EIS Mott–Schottky theory Semiconductorsbusiness.industryDoping021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSemiconductorSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryChemical engineeringengineering0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Polarized multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering using a picosecond laser and a fiber supercontinuum

2011

International audience; We perform multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) micro-spectroscopy with a picosecond pulsed laser and a broadband supercontinuum (SC) generated in photonic crystal fiber. CARS signal stability is achieved using an active fiber coupler that avoids thermal and mechanical drifts. We obtain multiplex CARS spectra for test liquids in the 600–2000 cm−1 spectral range. In addition we investigate the polarization dependence of the CARS spectra when rotating the pump beam linear polarization state relative to the linearly polarized broad stokes SC. From these polarization measurements we deduce the Raman depolarization ratio, the resonant versus nonresonant …

Materials scienceBiomedical EngineeringPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologySpectrum Analysis Raman01 natural sciencesPattern Recognition Automated010309 opticsBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeLaser linewidthOptics87.64.kp 87.63.ltFiber laser0103 physical sciencesDepolarization ratioFiber Optic TechnologyCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryLasersEquipment Design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyImage EnhancementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSupercontinuumEquipment Failure AnalysissymbolsOptoelectronicsMicroscopy Polarization0210 nano-technologybusinessRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringPhotonic-crystal fiber
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The effect of electrochemically simulated titanium cathodic corrosion products on ROS production and metabolic activity of osteoblasts and monocytes/…

2006

Nowadays aseptic loosening is the most common cause of orthopaedic implant failure. Some of its reasons have already been described up to now; however, others remain still hypothetical. Besides the inflammatory response to wear particles originating at different sources, the role of reactive oxygen species as products of cellular reactions and/or as a result of the process of corrosion of an implant leading to implant failure has recently been discussed too. In the present study, we used a galvanostatic polarization to simulate the cathodic partial reaction of the corrosion process at a titanium alloy surface. With respect to cells occurring at the interface of a metal implant, the behaviou…

Materials scienceBiophysicschemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringBiocompatible Materialsmedicine.disease_causeMonocytesCorrosionBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundMiceCell Line TumormedicineAlloysElectrochemistryAnimalsHumansPolarization (electrochemistry)Hydrogen peroxideElectrodeschemistry.chemical_classificationTitaniumReactive oxygen speciesOsteoblastsMonocyteMacrophagesMetallurgyOsteoblastCorrosionOxidative Stressmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryMechanics of MaterialsCeramics and CompositesBiophysicsReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressTitaniumBiomaterials
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Optical field-induced surface-relief micropatterning of amorphous chalcogenide thin films

2015

The study of direct recording of the surface relief gratings on amorphous chalcogenide thin (2.5 to 5  μm films is presented by three different recording setups. Recording was performed on As2S3 by 532-nm wavelength laser light. Additionally, the evolution of a surface relief in dependence from the recording time and polarization has been investigated in detail and for the first time, the mass transfer process has been explained from the point of view of the photoinduced birefringence. The role of photoinduced plasticity in the formation of surface relief in amorphous chalcogenides during holographic recording has been discussed.

Materials scienceBirefringenceChalcogenidebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringHolographyCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistrylawElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmbusinessDiffraction gratingJournal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS
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Photoinduced mass transport in azo compounds

2013

The photoinduced changes of optical properties in azobenzene containing compound thin films were studied under influence of polarized and non-polarized 532 nm laser light. Under influence of light azo compounds experience trans-cis isomerisation process, that can be observed in the absorbance spectrum of the sample. If the light is linearly polarized, molecules align perpendicularly to the electric field vector and as a result photoinduced dichroism and birefringence is obtained. If a known lateral polarization modulation of the light beam is present, mass transport of the azobenzene containing compound occurs. By measuring the surface relief with a profilometer the direction of mass transp…

Materials scienceBirefringenceLinear polarizationbusiness.industryDichroismAbsorbancechemistry.chemical_compoundAzobenzenechemistryElectric fieldOptoelectronicsLight beamThin filmbusinessIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Optical flip-flop memory and routing operation based on polarization bistability in optical fiber

2014

A polarization bistability and hysteresis cycle phenomenon is demonstrated in optical fibers thanks to a counter-propagating four-wave mixing interaction. Based on this process, we successfully report the proof-of-principle of an optical flip-flop memory and a 10-Gbit/s routing operation.

Materials scienceBistabilitybusiness.industryOptical cross-connectSingle-mode optical fiberPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiberOptical performance monitoringOptical switchOpticsOptical transistorFiber optic splitterOptoelectronicsbusinessOptical add-drop multiplexerPhotonic-crystal fiber2014 The European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)
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The influence of molecular properties of additives on the stability of polyethylene in high electric fields

2003

Results are presented of studies of some molecular properties, i.e., dipole moment, total polarizability, and electronic polarizability, of dihalide and diamine derivatives of phenylene, p,p'-bi-phenylene and carbazole, which are used as additives for physical modification of polyethylene. The diffusion coefficients of these substances from a polyethylene matrix were estimated, and the stability of modified polyethylene in high electric fields (50 Hz) was found. The mechanism of action of high-voltage stabilizers in polyethylene was verified. >

Materials scienceCarbazolePhysics::Medical PhysicsPolyethyleneCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundDipolechemistryPolarizabilityPhenyleneDiamineElectric fieldPolymer chemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysical chemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Proceedings., Second International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials
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Effects of Bending on Raman-active Vibration Modes of Carbon Nanotubes

2008

We investigate vibration modes and their Raman activity of single-walled carbon nanotubes that are bent within their intrinsic elastic limits. By implementing novel boundary conditions for density-functional based tight-binding, and using non-resonant bond polarization theory, we discover that Raman activity can be induced by bending. Depending on the degree of bending, high-energy Raman peaks change their positions and intensities significantly. These effects can be explained by migration of nodes and antinodes along tube circumference. We discuss the challenge of associating the predicted spectral changes with experimental observations.

Materials scienceCarbon nanotube actuatorsBent molecular geometryFOS: Physical sciencesNanotechnologyMechanical properties of carbon nanotubes02 engineering and technologyCarbon nanotube01 natural sciencesMolecular physicslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeNormal modelaw0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOptical properties of carbon nanotubessymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopy
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