Search results for "PPAR"
showing 10 items of 1686 documents
Endurance training and antioxidants of lung
1984
Mice and rats were adjusted to daily treadmill training programs, which were heavy enough to increase the oxidative capacity of skeletal muscles. Endurance training did not affect the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and the concentration of vitamin E in the lungs of mice and rats. Thus increased ventilation and oxygen utilization induced by exercise training do not modify lung antioxidants, in contrast to hyperoxia and hypoxia.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids interact with the PPARA-L162V polymorphism to affect plasma triglyceride and apolipoprotein C-III concentrations in the F…
2005
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is a nuclear transcription factor regulating multiple genes involved in lipid metabolism. It was shown that a common leucine to valine (L162V) substitution at the PPARalpha gene (PPARA) is functional and affects transactivation activity of PPARalpha ligands, such as PUFA, on a concentration-dependent basis. The current study examined this gene-nutrient interaction in relation to plasma lipid variables in a population-based study consisting of 1003 men and 1103 women participating in the Framingham cohort and consuming their habitual diets. We found significant gene-nutrient interactions between the L162V polymorphism and total PUF…
Continuous monitoring of mixed venous oxygen saturation in infants after cardiac surgery
1989
Continuous mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2c) was measured in 16 infants immediately after cardiac surgery. A polyurethane 4F, dual channel catheter (Opticath, Modell U440, Oximetrix) with fiberoptic filaments was introduced into the pulmonary artery during cardiothoracic surgery. The catheters were left in place for an average of 67.5 h (range 27 h -125 h) and there were no catheter-related complications. Correlation between continuous in vivo SvO2 values and in vitro values was satisfactory (r = 0.85), whereas a correlation between SvO2c and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was not found (r = 0.07). The sampled arterial lactate values were inversely correlated to the simultaneously m…
Bicuspid aortic valve and unruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm, a rare association
2016
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is one of the most common forms of congenital heart defect and is associated with other congenital vascular and cardiac defects. The most common comorbidity is dilation of thoracic aorta and clinical manifestations are usually related to function of the aortic valve and to other cardiovascular acquired complications. Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is an uncommon congenital cardiovascular anomaly and the combination of these two anomalies is very rare. Common complications are rupture and obstruction of the termination chamber due to space-occupying effect of large unruptured aneurysms. Early cardiac imaging can help limiting morbidity and mortality in these pat…
Percutaneous closure of left atrial appendage to prevent embolic events in high-risk patients with chronic atrial fibrillation
2009
Background: Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) is a novel alternative for the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and with a high risk of stroke who are not eligible for long-term anticoagulation therapy. The aim of this study was to asses the safety, feasibility, and long-term efficacy of this procedure. Methods: From July 2004 to June 2007, 20 patients (13 male, mean age 69 ± 8 years) with non–valvular AF (NV-AF) underwent LAA percutaneous closure using the PLAATO™ system, implanted through a transeptal access. All patients had contraindications to anticoagulant therapy and were at high risk for cardioembolic stroke (mean CHADS2 score 3 ± 1.2). A trans…
Anatomical and procedural features associated with aortic root rupture during balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement
2013
Background— Aortic root rupture is a major concern with balloon-expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We sought to identify predictors of aortic root rupture during balloon-expandable TAVR by using multidetector computed tomography. Methods and Results— Thirty-one consecutive patients who experienced left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)/annular/aortic contained/noncontained rupture during TAVR were collected from 16 centers. A caliper-matched sample of 31 consecutive patients without annular rupture, who underwent pre-TAVR multidetector computed tomography served as a control group. Multidetector computed tomography assessment included short- and long-axis diameters an…
Blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol targets for prevention of recurrent strokes and cognitive decline in the hypertensive patient : design of the Euro…
2014
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:: The SBP values to be achieved by antihypertensive therapy in order to maximize reduction of cardiovascular outcomes are unknown; neither is it clear whether in patients with a previous cardiovascular event, the optimal values are lower than in the low-to-moderate risk hypertensive patients, or a more cautious blood pressure (BP) reduction should be obtained. Because of the uncertainty whether 'the lower the better' or the 'J-curve' hypothesis is correct, the European Society of Hypertension and the Chinese Hypertension League have promoted a randomized trial comparing antihypertensive treatment strategies aiming at three different SBP targets in hypertensive pati…
Serial 2-Point Ultrasonography Plus D-Dimer vs Whole-Leg Color-Coded Doppler Ultrasonography for Diagnosing Suspected Symptomatic Deep Vein Thrombosis
2008
Context Patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis ( DVT) of the lower extremities are usually investigated with ultrasonography either by the proximal veins ( 2-point ultrasonography) or the entire deep vein system ( whole- leg ultrasonography). The latter approach is thought to be better based on its ability to detect isolated calf vein thrombosis; however, it requires skilled operators and is mainly available only during working hours. No randomized comparisons are yet available evaluating the relative values of these 2 strategies. Objective To assess if the 2 diagnostic strategies are equivalent for the management of symptomatic outpatients with suspected DVT of the lower extremities.…
Evidence of impaired left ventricular systolic function by Doppler myocardial imaging in patients with systemic amyloidosis and no evidence of cardia…
2007
We examined the potential role of Doppler myocardial imaging for early detection of systolic dysfunction in patients with systemic amyloidosis (AL) but without evidence of cardiac involvement by standard echocardiography. We identified 42 patients without 2-dimensional echocardiographic or Doppler evidence of cardiac involvement. These patients had normal ventricular wall thickness and normal velocity of the medial mitral annulus. Myocardial images were obtained in these patients and in 32 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Peak longitudinal systolic tissue velocity (sTVI), systolic strain rate (sSR), and systolic strain (sS) were determined for 16 left ventricular segments. Radial a…
Usefulness of regional right ventricular and right atrial strain for prediction of early and late right ventricular failure following a left ventricu…
2019
Background: Identifying candidates for left ventricular assist device surgery at risk of right ventricular failure remains difficult. The aim was to identify the most accurate predictors of right ventricular failure among clinical, biological, and imaging markers, assessed by agreement of different supervised machine learning algorithms. Methods: Seventy-four patients, referred to HeartWare left ventricular assist device since 2010 in two Italian centers, were recruited. Biomarkers, right ventricular standard, and strain echocardiography, as well as cath-lab measures, were compared among patients who did not develop right ventricular failure (N = 56), those with acute–right ventricular fail…