Search results for "PREP"
showing 10 items of 1334 documents
Oligothiophenes for Pattern Formation by Stamping
2003
Oligothiophene monomers with a fixed length varying from 3 to 5 thiophene rings were prepared by Stille coupling. They were functionalised with one or two methacrylate groups to allow polymerization and cross-linking. These monomers can be patterned with the help of soft silicon stamps (e.g., with the micro-injection moulding in capillaries process) on substrates like glass or flexible polymer foils. If a photoinitiator has been added, they can then be hardened by exposure to UV-light through the transparent stamp. Afterwards the stamp can be removed. This allows the preparation of several centimeters long oligothiophene lines of a width varying between 50 and 0.5 μm. These lines of semicon…
Transferability of Deep Learning Algorithms for Malignancy Detection in Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Images from Different Anatomical Locations of t…
2019
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer type of the epithelium and is often detected at a late stage. Besides invasive diagnosis of SCC by means of biopsy and histo-pathologic assessment, Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (CLE) has emerged as noninvasive method that was successfully used to diagnose SCC in vivo. For interpretation of CLE images, however, extensive training is required, which limits its applicability and use in clinical practice of the method. To aid diagnosis of SCC in a broader scope, automatic detection methods have been proposed. This work compares two methods with regard to their applicability in a transfer learning sense, i.e. training on one tissue type (f…
Making Communication Strategy Choices in a Fast Evolving Crisis Situation—Results from a Table-Top Discussion on an Anthrax Scenario
2016
This paper aims at clarifying a timely topic of how communication strategy choices are made in evolving, complex crises, such as those caused by terrorism involving chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) agents. This is done by examining data gathered from a table-top discussion among crisis communication experts, focusing on a scenario of an anthrax attack and analysed qualitatively. The communication experts followed the evolving crisis situation by gathering inputs from various actors in the crisis management network, thereby creating situational understanding, and interpreted these inputs for decision-making on communication strategies. The underlying process of coping wi…
Cryopreserved primary hepatocytes as a constantly available in vitro model for the evaluation of human and animal drug metabolism and enzyme inductio…
2000
The use of primary hepatocytes is now well established for both studies of drug metabolism and enzyme induction. Cryopreservation of primary hepatocytes decreases the need for fresh liver tissue. This is especially important for research with human hepatocytes because availability of human liver tissue is limited. In this review, we summarize our research on optimization and validation of cryopreservation techniques. The critical elements for successful cryopreservation of hepatocytes are (1) the freezing protocol, (2) the concentration of the cryoprotectant [10% dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO)], (3) slow addition and removal of DMSO, (4) carbogen equilibration during isolation of hepatocytes and…
Synthetic Pathways for New Tubular Transition Metal Hydroxo- and Fluoro-Selenites: Crystal Structures ofM12(X)2(SeO3)8(OH)6(M=Co2+,Ni2+;X= OH−)
1996
The dumortierite-family structuresM12X2(SeO3)8(OH)6(M= Co2+and Ni2+;X= OH−and F−) have been synthesized. The crystal structures of the hydroxo-derivatives have been refined from X?ray powder diffraction data in the space groupP63mc(Z= 1) witha= 12.887(3) A andc= 4.981(4) A (M= Co2+,X= OH−or F−) anda= 12.704(5) A andc= 4.925(6) A (M= Ni2+,X= OH−or F−). Application of the Partial Charge Transference Model allows the understanding of the selenite derivatives crystal chemistry.
How Do Efforts to Enhance Career Preparation Affect Peer Groups?
2010
The present study investigated how efforts to enhance career preparation affect peer groups. The participants were 710 9th graders who were randomized into control and intervention groups and assessed 3 times during 1 academic year: at baseline (T1, Fall), immediately after the career preparation intervention (T2, 3 months after baseline), and 5 months after the intervention (T3, Spring). The results showed, first, that maintenance of a stable clique was more likely when most clique members participated in the intervention. Second, it was found that the members of adolescents' cliques resembled each other in respect of the strength of the intervention effect. Finally, the results showed tha…
Ethnobotanical research in Cava de' Tirreni area, Southern Italy
2019
Abstract Background To best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative ethnobotanical study with the aim of documenting the local knowledge and practices of using plants for curing diseases in the Cava de’ Tirreni area, Salerno Province, Campania Region, Italy. The present ethnobotanical field study, carried out during 2016–2017, documents the local uses of 119 plant species for medicinal, food and domestic purposes. Methods Ethnobotanical data were documented from 70 informants: field data were collected and information on the uses of plants was gathered through semi-structured and structured interviews with persons who still retain traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. Documented da…
Influence of the type of reciprocating motion on the cyclic fatigue resistance of reciprocating files in a dynamic model
2021
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the influence of two novel reciprocating movements on the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic reciprocating files. Methods 30 Procodile® (Komet Medical, Lemgo, Germany) files were selected in this study and distributed according to the following study groups depending on the movements to be performed: ReFlex Dynamic (n = 10), ReFlex Smart (n = 10) and Reciproc (n = 10) reciprocating movement. These files were fixed to a specific dynamic cyclic fatigue device designed and manufactured by 3D impression to simulate the pecking motion performed by the operator. The time to failure and the number of cycles of in-and-out of the endodont…
Isoenzyme-specific phosphorylation of cytochromes P-450 and other drug metabolizing enzymes.
1987
Abstract A series of fourteen cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes was treated with three different protein kinases and found to devide into isoenzymes phosphorylated (i) by both the cyclic AMP-dependent kinase and the calcium-phospholipid-dependent kinase (P-450 PB 3a and PB 2e), (ii) by none of these kinases (P-450 PB 1b, MC 1b, UT 1, and thromboxane synthase), and (iii) by either the cyclic AMP-dependent kinase (P-450 LM 2, PB 2d, and PB 3b) or the calcium-phospholipid-dependent kinase (P-450 PB 1a, PB 2a, MC 1a, LM 3c, and LM 4). Other components of the monooxygenase system, cytochrome P-450 reductase, cytochrome b5, cytochrome b5 reductase as well as microsomal epoxide hydrolase, were poor subs…
Coordinated induction of drug transporters and phase I and II metabolism in human liver slices
2008
Although regulation of phase I drug metabolism in human liver is relatively well studied, the regulation of phase II enzymes and of drug transporters is incompletely characterized. Therefore, we used human liver slices to investigate the PXR, CAR and AhR-mediated induction of drug transporters and phase I and II metabolic enzymes. Precision-cut human liver slices were incubated for 5 or 24 h with prototypical inducers: phenobarbital (PB) (50 mu M) for CAR, beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) (25 mu M) for AhR, and rifampicin (RIF) (10 mu M) for PXR, and gene expression of the phase I enzymes CYP1A1, 1A2, 3A4, 3A5, 2136, 2A6, the phase II enzymes UGT1A1 and 1A6, and the transporters MRP2, MDR1, BSEP, …