Search results for "PRODUCTIVITY"
showing 10 items of 618 documents
Is there a formula for formulaic language?
2015
AbstractThis paper focuses on detecting and measuring traces of "formulaic language". For this purpose, we test a number of computational formulae that quantify the degree to which a text type incorporates inflexible sequences of words. We assess these candidate indices using a number of reference corpora representing a wide variety of text types, both routine and creative. We adopt the concept of "phrase-frame" proposed by Fletcher (2002–2007) as a means of exploring phraseological pattern variability. To date, there have been few studies explicitly addressing this issue, with the exception of Roemer (2010). We examine ten productivity indices, including Roemer's VPR, the Herfindahl-Hirsch…
Prevention of occupational injuries moral hazard and complex agency relationship
2001
This paper exploits the results of agency theory with the aim of contributing a new viewpoint and a form for analysis of the current functioning of the occupational injury and disease section of the Social Security system in its mission of providing incentives for prevention. After outlining the organization and specific features of insurance against occupational risks, an initial level of analysis highlights the presence of moral hazard in relations between insurer and company and between company and employee. A second level of analysis and resort to complex agency relationship models, multitask model and third-party model, is necessary to take into account the consequences for occupationa…
Performance-based research funding: Evidence from the largest natural experiment worldwide
2023
A performance-based research funding system (PRFS) is a nationwide incentive scheme that promotes and rewards university research performance through competition for government funding. The UK’s PRFS, currently the Research Excellence Framework (REF), is considered the oldest, largest and most developed payment-by-results system in academia worldwide. Surprisingly, and despite the strong criticisms, little has been done to quantitatively and casually evaluate the intended and unintended effects of the PRFSs. In this paper, we evaluate the incremental impact of the REF 2014 in the fields of Economics and Business. We use a synthetic control method to compare the performance of UK universitie…
Sustainable Regeneration of Brownfields
2016
Our cities are really rich of building ensembles now deserted which were, in the recent past, sources of job and productivity for the community. They are generally inside the urban fabric or in the suburbs and they are often not particularly taken into consideration because they haven’t architectonic characteristics which could justify a restoration. Due to their big extension, the planning approach turns to be diffucult. Besides, these areas, if adequately restored, could become an important economic and cultural resource and a possibility of experimentation of new sustainable technologies. All this heritage requires a planning approach based on conservation and valorization of all the cul…
The Projection of a Sustainable Agriculture System Aiming for Supporting the Ecoeconomy and Ecosanogenesis Specific for the Hill-Mountain Areas – Con…
2010
The Romanian integration into the European Union – and also at its technological standards – means among others the adoption and implementation of transforming measures into the conventional agriculture. Thus the farmers should apply certain technologies to enable them to obtain good productions under specific conditions of the ecoeconomy and ecosanogenesis. The implementation of such a sustainable agriculture system for Romania is discussed into this article.
Bibliometric analysis of the international literature on open innovation and absorptive capacity
2016
Objecte: Comprovar si existeix, i si ha estat estudiada o demostrada, l’estreta relació, suggerida per alguns autors, entre innovació oberta i capacitat d’absorció. Disseny/metodologia: Anàlisi bibliomètrica sobre la Web of Science de la literatura internacional on es tracten ambdós termes simultàniament. Aportacions i resultats: S’ha demostrat que és un camp de creixent interès i que existeix una estreta relació entre innovació oberta i capacitat d’absorció. Limitacions: Els biaixos propis de utilitzar la base de dades elegida i els criteris de selecció aplicats fan possible la no inclusió d’algun article significatiu. Implicacions pràctiques: Conèixer que la capacitat d’absorció té relaci…
Geospatial analysis of drought tendencies in the Carpathians as reflected in a 50-year time series
2019
Climate change is one of the most important issues of anthropogenic activities. The increasing drought conditions can cause water shortage and heat waves and can influence the agricultural production or the water supply of cities. The Carpathian region is also affected by this phenomenon; thus, we aimed at identifying the tendencies between 1960 and 2010 applying the CarpatClim (CC) database. We calculated the trends for each grid point of CC, plotted the results on maps, and applied statistical analysis on annual and seasonal level. We revealed that monthly average temperature, maximum temperature and evapotranspiration had similar patterns and had positive trends in all seasons except aut…
Innovation for climate change adaptation and technical efficiency: an empirical analysis in the European agricultural sector
2020
This paper analyses the effect of innovation on firms' technical efficiency. Using climate-related patent data to proxy for innovation activity in different technological fields, the paper employs a stochastic frontier approach to estimate the impact of innovative efforts on agricultural firms' technical efficiency taking account of both unobservable heterogeneity and double heteroscedasticity in the inefficiency and idiosyncratic terms. Our findings confirm that innovation has a positive impact on firms' productivity (technical efficiency). While agricultural firms located in Germany and Sweden are more efficient compared to those in southern countries, all the European countries considere…
Water company productivity change: A disaggregated approach accounting for changes in inputs and outputs
2021
Abstract The assessment of the productivity change of water utilities provides essential information to sector managers and regulators. This study uses the Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen Productivity Indicator (LHMPI) to evaluate productivity change as it can be further decomposed into three components namely technical change (TC), technical efficiency change (TEC), and scale efficiency change (SEC). This study evaluates the productivity of several water companies in England and Wales from 2001 to 2018. We found that productivity declined 1.2% per year due to the use of inputs that increased by 1.4% per year relative to outputs that increased by 0.2% per year.
Energy Performance and Indoor Comfort of a 1930s Italian School Building: A case study
2021
Reducing energy consumption in the building tertiary sector, which accounts for a big share of the total energy use (and related CO 2 emissions) at European and Italian level, represent a strong element of safety for the EU-28. On the other hand, it is important to improve the, often overlooked, indoor comfort conditions of Italian schools since they have a significant impact on the well-being, productivity, health and safety of their occupants. Thus, it is appropriate to take into account the combination of both needs, also in light of the climate change scenario, in order to identify adequate improvement measures and justify such economic investment. This paper brings a contribution to th…